Subheading · Chapter 10 · Heading 1008
1008.40: Buckwheat, millet and canary seed; other cereals: fonio (Digitaria spp.)
Official description Fonio (Digitaria spp.)
1008.40 is a six-digit subheading of heading 1008, buckwheat, millet and canary seed; other cereals, chapter 10.
What you pay
Importing into UK
Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff
UK lines →- 1008 40 00 00 Fonio (digitaria spp.) 30 GBP / 1000 kg+2
Additional duties and import rules
Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.
Additional duties and charges 1
- Additional dutyAdditional duties 35%
- Applies to goods from
- Belarus, Russia
- Legal act
- 2022 No. 376
- Documents
- 9008
Import requirements 3
- Import control
- Applies to goods from
- Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, New Zealand, Uruguay
- Legal act
- 2020 No. 1527
- Documents
- N851
- 901Y
- C085 Common Health Entry Document for Plants and Plant Products (CHED-PP) (as set out in Part 2, Section C of Annex II to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1715 (OJ L 261))
- Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
- Applies to goods from
- Ukraine
- Legal act
- S.I. 2022/395
- Documents
- 9009
- 9010
- 9017
- Import controlImport control of organic products
- Applies to goods from
- all countries except Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Cyprus, Czechia, Germany, Denmark, Estonia, Spain, Finland, France, United Kingdom, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, Italy, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, Slovenia, Slovakia
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/693
- Documents
- C644 Certificate of inspection for organic products
- Y929 Goods not concerned by Regulation (EU) 2018/848 (organic products)
Preferential rates by country
| Agreement or scheme | Countries | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| standard rate (no agreement) | — | 30 GBP / 1000 kg |
| DCTS Comprehensive | Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 38 moreAfghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia | Free |
| European Union (including code "EU") | Free | |
| CARIFORUM | Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 moreAntigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago | Free |
| OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories) | Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 moreAnguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands | Free |
| SADC EPA | Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia | Free |
| CPTPP | Brunei, Chile, Malaysia, Mexico | Free |
| Eastern and Southern Africa States | Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe | Free |
| UK–Albania agreement | Albania | Free |
| UK–Australia agreement | Australia | Free |
| UK–Canada agreement | Canada | Free |
| UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement | Côte d’Ivoire | Free |
| UK–Cameroon agreement | Cameroon | Free |
| UK–Colombia agreement | Colombia | Free |
| UK–Ecuador agreement | Ecuador | Free |
| UK–Egypt agreement | Egypt | Free |
| UK–Fiji agreement | Fiji | Free |
| UK–Georgia agreement | Georgia | Free |
| UK–Ghana agreement | Ghana | Free |
| UK–Israel agreement | Israel | Free |
| UK–India agreement | India | Free |
| UK–Iceland agreement | Iceland | Free |
| UK–Jordan agreement | Jordan | Free |
| UK–Japan agreement | Japan | Free |
| UK–Kenya agreement | Kenya | Free |
| UK–South Korea agreement | South Korea | Free |
| UK–Lebanon agreement | Lebanon | Free |
| UK–Morocco agreement | Morocco | Free |
| UK–Moldova agreement | Moldova | Free |
| UK–North Macedonia agreement | North Macedonia | Free |
| UK–New Zealand agreement | New Zealand | Free |
| UK–Peru agreement | Peru | Free |
| UK–Papua New Guinea agreement | Papua New Guinea | Free |
| UK–Palestinian Territories agreement | Palestinian Territories | Free |
| UK–Serbia agreement | Serbia | Free |
| UK–Solomon Islands agreement | Solomon Islands | Free |
| UK–Singapore agreement | Singapore | Free |
| UK–San Marino agreement | San Marino | Free |
| UK–Ukraine agreement | Ukraine | Free |
| UK–Vietnam agreement | Vietnam | Free |
| UK–Samoa agreement | Samoa | Free |
| UK–XC agreement | XC | Free |
| UK–Kosovo agreement | Kosovo | Free |
| UK–XL agreement | XL | Free |
| UK–South Africa agreement | South Africa | Free |
UK: imports by month
Main suppliers, last 12 months
| Country | Value | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
 Burkina Faso | £28k | 69.7% | +309.1% |
 Netherlands | £8k | 20.2% | — |
 Côte d’Ivoire | £2k | 5.7% | — |
 Togo | £2k | 4.4% | — |
 Senegal | £0 | 0% | -100% |
Same subheading in other tariffs
EU specific or compound duty Third-country duty 1 tariff line 
Türkiye 200% Statutory rate (Law 474) 1 tariff line 
USA 1.1% General (MFN) 1 tariff line The Turkish schedule prints the statutory rate set under Customs Law 474. The rate applied at import is laid down in the Import Regime Decision and can be lower, or different by country of origin.
World trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$6.4kUS$6.4k+US$34.3k+US$80k+> US$347.9k
Exports: 28
- Netherlands: US$347.9k
- Senegal: US$122.5k
- Guinea: US$80k
- United States: US$57.8k
- Togo: US$45.7k
- Mali: US$36.8k
- Burkina Faso: US$34.3k
- Egypt: US$31.4k
- Switzerland: US$16.1k
- Uganda: US$14.2k
- Côte d’Ivoire: US$13.3k
- Italy: US$11.1k
- Belgium: US$6.4k
- France: US$4.7k
- Germany: US$2.4k
- United Kingdom: US$2.4k
- Nigeria: US$2.2k
- Ghana: US$1.8k
- Romania: US$800
- United Arab Emirates: US$400
- Denmark: US$400
- Gambia: US$300
- Benin: US$200
- Spain: US$200
- Hungary: US$200
- Ireland: US$100
- Guinea-Bissau: US$0
- Türkiye: US$0
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$1.7kUS$1.7k+US$15.5k+US$34.1k+> US$164.2k
Imports: 48
- Qatar: US$291.2k
- France: US$164.2k
- Netherlands: US$73.6k
- United Kingdom: US$45.9k
- Belgium: US$34.1k
- Kuwait: US$31.8k
- Germany: US$31.7k
- Italy: US$31.1k
- United States: US$26.2k
- Spain: US$23.3k
- Canada: US$15.5k
- Japan: US$14.2k
- Saudi Arabia: US$9.5k
- Côte d’Ivoire: US$9.1k
- Switzerland: US$4.1k
- Sweden: US$3.1k
- India: US$2.7k
- Ireland: US$2.7k
- Luxembourg: US$2.7k
- Denmark: US$1.9k
- Norway: US$1.7k
- Portugal: US$1.7k
- Bahrain: US$1.6k
- Congo - Brazzaville: US$1.5k
- Ghana: US$1.5k
- Iraq: US$1.2k
- Austria: US$1k
- Greece: US$900
- Niger: US$700
- Gabon: US$600
- South Africa: US$500
- Finland: US$400
- Greenland: US$400
- Barbados: US$300
- Romania: US$300
- Bahamas: US$200
- Slovakia: US$200
- Bermuda: US$100
- Estonia: US$100
- Hungary: US$100
- Iceland: US$100
- Bulgaria: US$0
- Cyprus: US$0
- Croatia: US$0
- Lithuania: US$0
- Latvia: US$0
- Malta: US$0
- Poland: US$0
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Netherlands | US$347.9k | 41.7% |
| 2 | Senegal | US$122.5k | 14.7% |
| 3 |  Guinea | US$80k | 9.6% |
| 4 | United States | US$57.8k | 6.9% |
| 5 | Togo | US$45.7k | 5.5% |
| 6 |  Mali | US$36.8k | 4.4% |
| 7 | Burkina Faso | US$34.3k | 4.1% |
| 8 |  Egypt | US$31.4k | 3.8% |
| 9 |  Switzerland | US$16.1k | 1.9% |
| 10 |  Uganda | US$14.2k | 1.7% |
Top importers
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Qatar | US$291.2k | 34.9% |
| 2 |  France | US$164.2k | 19.7% |
| 3 | Netherlands | US$73.6k | 8.8% |
| 4 | United Kingdom | US$45.9k | 5.5% |
| 5 |  Belgium | US$34.1k | 4.1% |
| 6 |  Kuwait | US$31.8k | 3.8% |
| 7 |  Germany | US$31.7k | 3.8% |
| 8 |  Italy | US$31.1k | 3.7% |
| 9 | United States | US$26.2k | 3.1% |
| 10 |  Spain | US$23.3k | 2.8% |
In the UK Global Tariff the line under subheading 1008.40 carries a specific or compound duty rather than a percentage.
In the EU Combined Nomenclature the line under subheading 1008.40 carries a specific or compound duty rather than a percentage.
Goods from 144 countries can enter the UK at a preferential rate instead of the standard ; 144 of them pay no duty at all, for example under DCTS Comprehensive or European Union.
In the UK, additional duty of 35% applies on top of the customs duty to goods from Belarus and Russia.
In the 12 months to August 2026, the UK imported these goods worth £39.8k (up 152% on the year before), at an average of £2.57 per kg; Burkina Faso supplied 70%, followed by Netherlands.
World trade in these goods reached US$833.7k in 2024, down 8.3% on 2023.
The Netherlands was the largest exporter with 41.7% of the total, ahead of Senegal.
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for buckwheat, millet and canary seed; other cereals: fonio (Digitaria spp.)?
Buckwheat, millet and canary seed; other cereals: fonio (Digitaria spp.) fall under HS subheading 1008.40, part of heading 1008, in section II of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on buckwheat, millet and canary seed in the United States?
Under the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, imports under 1008.40 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 1.1%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most buckwheat, millet and canary seed?
The Netherlands, with US$347.9k in 2024 (41.7% of world exports).
Which countries can export these goods to the UK duty-free?
144 countries pay no duty under a trade agreement or preference scheme, among them partners under DCTS Comprehensive, European Union, CARIFORUM. The goods must meet the agreement’s rules of origin and the importer needs proof of origin; otherwise the standard rate of applies. Pick a country above to see its rate.
Is there anti-dumping duty on these goods?
The UK charges additional duty of 35% on goods from Belarus and Russia. Lower rates apply to the named exporters listed in the measure.
Where does the UK import these goods from?
In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were Burkina Faso (70%), Netherlands (20%) and Côte d’Ivoire (6%), out of total imports of £39.8k.