Chapter · Section II
Chapter 10: Cereals
- 0%–12%UK
- 0%–12.8%EU
- 50%–200%Türkiye
- 0%–11.2%USA
- US$159.3bnWorld trade in 2024
8 headings make up chapter 10, part of section II, vegetable products.
In the UK Global Tariff, chapter 10 covers 179 tariff lines and the duty is between 0% and 12%. 22 of them are duty-free. 155 lines have a specific or compound duty.
The EU Combined Nomenclature divides chapter 10 into 65 tariff lines; the duty is between 0% and 12.8% (average 3.8%). 4 of them are duty-free. 58 lines have a specific or compound duty.
In the Turkish Customs Tariff Schedule, chapter 10 covers 75 tariff lines and the statutory rate is between 50% and 200%.
World trade in chapter 10 goods reached US$159.3bn in 2024, down 9.6% on 2023.
The United States was the largest exporter with 15.4% of the total, ahead of India.
China imported the most (US$11.5bn).
Duty rates compared
The Turkish schedule prints the statutory rate set under Customs Law 474. The rate applied at import is laid down in the Import Regime Decision and can be lower, or different by country of origin.
Headings 8
World trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$6.7mUS$6.7m+US$168.7m+US$1.8bn+> US$9.6bn
Exports: 191
- United States: US$24.5bn
- India: US$12.1bn
- Ukraine: US$11.2bn
- Argentina: US$10.8bn
- Russia: US$10.7bn
- Canada: US$9.6bn
- Brazil: US$9.6bn
- Australia: US$8.4bn
- France: US$7.7bn
- Thailand: US$6.8bn
- Pakistan: US$4.4bn
- Vietnam: US$4.2bn
- Romania: US$3.8bn
- Germany: US$3bn
- Poland: US$2.9bn
- Myanmar (Burma): US$2.2bn
- Cambodia: US$1.9bn
- Bulgaria: US$1.9bn
- Hungary: US$1.8bn
- Kazakhstan: US$1.5bn
- Lithuania: US$1.4bn
- South Africa: US$1.3bn
- Türkiye: US$1.2bn
- Czechia: US$1.1bn
- Italy: US$1.1bn
- Serbia: US$1.1bn
- Paraguay: US$1bn
- Uruguay: US$1bn
- China: US$1bn
- Latvia: US$939.6m
- Austria: US$719.6m
- Netherlands: US$704m
- Slovakia: US$572.2m
- Spain: US$531.2m
- Belgium: US$525.6m
- Slovenia: US$418.1m
- Tanzania: US$411.5m
- Moldova: US$375.6m
- Croatia: US$367.8m
- United Arab Emirates: US$350m
- Greece: US$342.3m
- United Kingdom: US$334.8m
- Denmark: US$273.5m
- Estonia: US$271.1m
- Sweden: US$199.6m
- Peru: US$186.2m
- Switzerland: US$168.7m
- Finland: US$165.1m
- Portugal: US$143.7m
- Ireland: US$135m
- Guyana: US$134.1m
- Laos: US$119.5m
- Taiwan: US$108.8m
- Bolivia: US$103.5m
- Egypt: US$96.6m
- Mexico: US$96m
- Chile: US$93.9m
- Japan: US$91.9m
- Uganda: US$87m
- Singapore: US$73.2m
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$146.1mUS$146.1m+US$644m+US$2.4bn+> US$5.2bn
Imports: 222
- China: US$11.5bn
- Egypt: US$7.2bn
- Mexico: US$6.7bn
- Indonesia: US$6.3bn
- Japan: US$6.2bn
- Vietnam: US$5.4bn
- Saudi Arabia: US$5.2bn
- Philippines: US$4.9bn
- Italy: US$4.8bn
- Spain: US$4.6bn
- South Korea: US$4.4bn
- Germany: US$3.9bn
- Netherlands: US$3.2bn
- United States: US$3.2bn
- Algeria: US$3.1bn
- Brazil: US$3bn
- Türkiye: US$2.7bn
- Morocco: US$2.6bn
- Malaysia: US$2.6bn
- Colombia: US$2.4bn
- Belgium: US$2.4bn
- United Kingdom: US$2.4bn
- Nigeria: US$2.4bn
- Iraq: US$2.2bn
- Iran: US$1.9bn
- Peru: US$1.8bn
- Thailand: US$1.7bn
- Taiwan: US$1.6bn
- South Africa: US$1.4bn
- Côte d’Ivoire: US$1.4bn
- Yemen: US$1.3bn
- Kenya: US$1.2bn
- Israel: US$1.2bn
- Canada: US$1.2bn
- France: US$1.1bn
- United Arab Emirates: US$1.1bn
- Senegal: US$1.1bn
- Portugal: US$1.1bn
- Tunisia: US$1.1bn
- Bangladesh: US$1bn
- Benin: US$1bn
- Chile: US$994.3m
- Zimbabwe: US$933.2m
- Angola: US$933.1m
- Romania: US$898.8m
- Dominican Republic: US$871m
- Austria: US$830.9m
- Guatemala: US$806.2m
- Mozambique: US$797.1m
- Cameroon: US$761.2m
- Ireland: US$715.3m
- Pakistan: US$705m
- Venezuela: US$700.4m
- Uzbekistan: US$675.2m
- Poland: US$659m
- Ecuador: US$644m
- Togo: US$623.3m
- Kuwait: US$614.4m
- Guinea: US$600.7m
- Jordan: US$570.6m
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | US$24.5bn | 15.4% | |
| 2 | US$12.1bn | 7.6% | |
| 3 | US$11.2bn | 7% | |
| 4 | US$10.8bn | 6.8% | |
| 5 | US$10.7bn | 6.7% | |
| 6 | US$9.6bn | 6% | |
| 7 | US$9.6bn | 6% | |
| 8 | US$8.4bn | 5.3% | |
| 9 | US$7.7bn | 4.8% | |
| 10 | US$6.8bn | 4.3% |
Top importers
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | US$11.5bn | 7.2% | |
| 2 | US$7.2bn | 4.5% | |
| 3 | US$6.7bn | 4.2% | |
| 4 | US$6.3bn | 4% | |
| 5 | US$6.2bn | 3.9% | |
| 6 | US$5.4bn | 3.4% | |
| 7 | US$5.2bn | 3.3% | |
| 8 | US$4.9bn | 3.1% | |
| 9 | US$4.8bn | 3% | |
| 10 | US$4.6bn | 2.9% |
Chapter notes
Notes
1.
(A) The products specified in the headings of this chapter are to be classified in those headings only if grains are present, whether or not in the ear or on the stalk.
(B) The Chapter does not cover grains which have been hulled or otherwise worked. However, rice, husked, milled, polished, glazed, parboiled or broken remains classified in heading 1006. Similarly, quinoa from which the pericarp has been wholly or partly removed in order to separate the saponin, but which has not undergone any other processes, remains classified in heading 1008.
2. Heading 1005 does not cover sweetcorn (Chapter 7).
Subheading note
1. The term ‘durum wheat’ means wheat of the species Triticum durum and the hybrids derived from the inter-specific crossing of Triticum durum which have the same number (28) of chromosomes as that species.
Additional notes
1. The following terms have the meanings hereunder assigned to them:
(a) ‘round grain rice’ (subheadings 10061030, 10062011, 10062092, 10063021, 10063042, 10063061 and 10063092): rice, the grains of which are of a length not exceeding 5,2 mm and of a length/width ratio of less than 2;
(b) ‘medium grain rice’ (subheadings 10061050, 10062013, 10062094, 10063023, 10063044, 10063063 and 10063094): rice, the grains of which are of a length exceeding 5,2 mm but not exceeding 6,0 mm and of a length/width ratio of less than 3;
(c) ‘long grain rice’ (subheadings 10061071, 10061079, 10062015, 10062017, 10062096, 10062098, 10063025, 10063027, 10063046, 10063048, 10063065, 10063067, 10063096 and 10063098): rice, the grains of which are of a length exceeding 6,0 mm;
(d) ‘paddy rice’ (subheadings 10061030, 10061050, 10061071, 10061079 and 10061090): rice which has retained its husk after threshing;
(e) ‘husked rice’ (subheadings 10062011, 10062013, 10062015, 10062017, 10062019, 10062092, 10062094, 10062096, 10062098 and 10062099): rice from which only the husk has been removed. Examples of rice falling within this definition are those with the commercial descriptions ‘brown rice’, ‘cargo rice’, ‘loonzain’ and ‘riso sbramato’;
(f) ‘semi-milled rice’ (subheadings 10063021, 10063023, 10063025, 10063027, 10063029, 10063042, 10063044, 10063046, 10063048 and 10063049): rice from which the husk, part of the germ and the whole or part of the outer layers of the pericarp, but not the inner layers, have been removed;
(g) ‘wholly milled rice’ (subheadings 10063061, 10063063, 10063065, 10063067, 10063069, 10063092, 10063094, 10063096, 10063098 and 10063099): rice from which the husk, the whole of the outer and inner layers of the pericarp, the whole of the germ in the case of long or medium grain rice, and at least part thereof in the case of round grain rice, have been removed, but in which longitudinal white striations may remain on not more than 10 % of the grains;
(h) ‘broken rice’ (subheading 100640): grain fragments, the length of which does not exceed three-quarters of the average length of the whole grain.
2. The duty-rate applicable to mixtures of this chapter is as follows:
(a) in mixtures where one of the components represents at least 90 % by weight, the rate applicable to that component applies;
(b) in other mixtures, the rate applicable is that of the component which results in the highest amount of import duty.
Products classified here
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for cereals?
Cereals make up HS chapter 10, in section II of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on cereals in the UK?
Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 10 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 0% to 12%, depending on the line. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
What is the import duty on cereals in the EU?
Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 10 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 0% to 12.8%, depending on the line. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most cereals?
The United States, with US$24.5bn in 2024 (15.4% of world exports).