Subheading · Chapter 84 · Heading 8406
8406.90: Steam turbines and other vapour turbines: parts
Steam turbine parts
Official description Parts
8406.90 is the HS subheading for steam turbine parts, under heading 8406 in chapter 84.
What you pay
Importing into UK
Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff
UK lines →- 8406 90 00 00 Parts
- 8406 90 10 00 Stator blades, rotors and their blades Free
- 8406 90 90 00 Other Free
Additional duties and import rules
Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.
Additional duties and charges 3
- Additional dutyAdditional duties 35%
- Applies to goods from
- Belarus, Russia
- Legal act
- 2022 No. 376
- Documents
- 9008
- Duty suspensionSuspension - goods for certain categories of ships, boats and other vessels and for drilling or production platforms Free
- Applies to goods from
- all countries
- Legal act
- 2020 No. 1431
- Documents
- C990 End use authorisation ships and platforms (Column 8c, Annex A of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446)
- Duty suspensionAirworthiness tariff suspension Free
- Applies to goods from
- all countries
- Legal act
- S.I. 2018/1249
- Documents
- C119 Authorised Release Certificate — EASA Form 1 (Appendix I to Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012), or equivalent certificate
Import requirements 2
- Prohibition or restrictionImport prohibition
- Applies to goods from
- North Korea
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/411
- Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
- Applies to goods from
- Ukraine
- Legal act
- S.I. 2022/395
- Documents
- 9009
- 9010
- 9017
Preferential rates by country
| Agreement or scheme | Countries | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| standard rate (no agreement) | — | Free |
| DCTS Comprehensive | Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 38 moreAfghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia | Free |
| European Union (including code "EU") | Free | |
| DCTS Enhanced | Algeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville and 13 moreAlgeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville, Cook Islands, Kyrgyzstan, Micronesia, Mongolia, Nigeria, Niue, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu | Free |
| CARIFORUM | Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 moreAntigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago | Free |
| OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories) | Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 moreAnguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands | Free |
| Central America | Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama | Free |
| SADC EPA | Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia | Free |
| Eastern and Southern Africa States | Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe | Free |
| CPTPP | Brunei, Malaysia | Free |
| UK–Andorra agreement | Andorra | Free |
| UK–Albania agreement | Albania | Free |
| UK–Australia agreement | Australia | Free |
| UK–Canada agreement | Canada | Free |
| UK–Switzerland agreement | Switzerland | Free |
| UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement | Côte d’Ivoire | Free |
| UK–Chile agreement | Chile | Free |
| UK–Cameroon agreement | Cameroon | Free |
| UK–Colombia agreement | Colombia | Free |
| UK–Ceuta & Melilla agreement | Ceuta & Melilla | Free |
| UK–Ecuador agreement | Ecuador | Free |
| UK–Egypt agreement | Egypt | Free |
| UK–Fiji agreement | Fiji | Free |
| UK–Faroe Islands agreement | Faroe Islands | Free |
| UK–Georgia agreement | Georgia | Free |
| UK–Ghana agreement | Ghana | Free |
| DCTS Standard | Indonesia | Free |
| UK–Israel agreement | Israel | Free |
| UK–India agreement | India | Free |
| UK–Iceland agreement | Iceland | Free |
| UK–Jordan agreement | Jordan | Free |
| UK–Japan agreement | Japan | Free |
| UK–Kenya agreement | Kenya | Free |
| UK–South Korea agreement | South Korea | Free |
| UK–Lebanon agreement | Lebanon | Free |
| UK–Liechtenstein agreement | Liechtenstein | Free |
| UK–Morocco agreement | Morocco | Free |
| UK–Moldova agreement | Moldova | Free |
| UK–North Macedonia agreement | North Macedonia | Free |
| UK–Mexico agreement | Mexico | Free |
| UK–Norway agreement | Norway | Free |
| UK–New Zealand agreement | New Zealand | Free |
| UK–Peru agreement | Peru | Free |
| UK–Papua New Guinea agreement | Papua New Guinea | Free |
| UK–Palestinian Territories agreement | Palestinian Territories | Free |
| UK–Serbia agreement | Serbia | Free |
| UK–Solomon Islands agreement | Solomon Islands | Free |
| UK–Singapore agreement | Singapore | Free |
| UK–San Marino agreement | San Marino | Free |
| UK–Tunisia agreement | Tunisia | Free |
| UK–Türkiye agreement | Türkiye | Free |
| UK–Ukraine agreement | Ukraine | Free |
| UK–Vietnam agreement | Vietnam | Free |
| UK–Samoa agreement | Samoa | Free |
| UK–Kosovo agreement | Kosovo | Free |
| UK–South Africa agreement | South Africa | Free |
UK: imports by month
Main suppliers, last 12 months
| Country | Value | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
 United States | £49.4m | 39.2% | -29.2% |
 Germany | £17.5m | 13.9% | +39.1% |
 Poland | £12m | 9.5% | +19.1% |
 Türkiye | £9.6m | 7.6% | -5.1% |
 Italy | £9.2m | 7.3% | +39.2% |
 Czechia | £6.6m | 5.2% | +147.7% |
| United Kingdom | £5.1m | 4% | +51.9% |
 China | £4.5m | 3.6% | +159.4% |
Same subheading in other tariffs
World trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$243.7kUS$243.7k+US$4.6m+US$69.2m+> US$329.1m
Exports: 121
- Japan: US$385.5m
- China: US$384.4m
- Italy: US$381.3m
- Germany: US$329.1m
- United States: US$295.4m
- Poland: US$159.2m
- South Korea: US$100.9m
- France: US$90.2m
- Czechia: US$88.5m
- India: US$81.3m
- United Kingdom: US$75.9m
- Hungary: US$69.2m
- Switzerland: US$43.8m
- Austria: US$29.2m
- Sweden: US$20.1m
- Netherlands: US$17.6m
- Canada: US$17.2m
- Türkiye: US$16.6m
- Brazil: US$15.6m
- Mexico: US$14.3m
- Israel: US$11.4m
- Spain: US$10.6m
- Russia: US$9.7m
- Singapore: US$9.1m
- Australia: US$8.4m
- Croatia: US$8.1m
- Saudi Arabia: US$8m
- Romania: US$5.4m
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$5.2m
- Malaysia: US$4.6m
- Belgium: US$4.4m
- Jordan: US$4.2m
- Slovenia: US$4m
- Lithuania: US$3.9m
- United Arab Emirates: US$3.6m
- Ukraine: US$3.3m
- Pakistan: US$2.6m
- Serbia: US$1.9m
- Denmark: US$1.9m
- South Africa: US$1.8m
- Slovakia: US$1.4m
- Norway: US$1.4m
- Thailand: US$1.3m
- Bulgaria: US$1.3m
- Egypt: US$1.2m
- Bahrain: US$1.1m
- Côte d’Ivoire: US$989.6k
- Tunisia: US$867.8k
- Georgia: US$704.7k
- Zambia: US$679k
- Ireland: US$648k
- Philippines: US$534.6k
- Indonesia: US$528.5k
- Morocco: US$518.3k
- Finland: US$462.9k
- Kazakhstan: US$414.8k
- Qatar: US$386.5k
- Guatemala: US$379.7k
- Vietnam: US$253k
- Brunei: US$243.7k
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$1.3mUS$1.3m+US$12.6m+US$46.4m+> US$109.3m
Imports: 179
- China: US$307m
- United States: US$263.2m
- Germany: US$181.9m
- United Kingdom: US$156.5m
- Indonesia: US$145.4m
- Taiwan: US$109.3m
- India: US$80.2m
- Japan: US$73m
- France: US$70.9m
- Saudi Arabia: US$67.7m
- Italy: US$67.2m
- Poland: US$60.2m
- Belgium: US$58.8m
- Canada: US$56m
- Zimbabwe: US$50.6m
- Kuwait: US$50.1m
- Vietnam: US$48.9m
- Türkiye: US$46.4m
- Hungary: US$44.8m
- Russia: US$44m
- United Arab Emirates: US$43.4m
- Czechia: US$43.1m
- Netherlands: US$36.4m
- South Korea: US$34.2m
- Uzbekistan: US$32.5m
- Singapore: US$31.4m
- Malaysia: US$29.4m
- Switzerland: US$28.2m
- Kazakhstan: US$23.5m
- Mexico: US$23.1m
- Australia: US$20.6m
- Brazil: US$20.6m
- Qatar: US$16.2m
- Spain: US$15.4m
- Egypt: US$15.1m
- Israel: US$15.1m
- Philippines: US$14.8m
- Mongolia: US$14.7m
- Pakistan: US$13.4m
- Trinidad & Tobago: US$13.1m
- Iran: US$13m
- Bangladesh: US$12.7m
- New Zealand: US$12.6m
- Slovakia: US$12.6m
- South Africa: US$11.3m
- Colombia: US$10.8m
- Algeria: US$10.8m
- Sweden: US$10m
- Greece: US$9.3m
- Thailand: US$8.8m
- Romania: US$7.5m
- Austria: US$7.2m
- Côte d’Ivoire: US$7.2m
- Brunei: US$7m
- Argentina: US$6.7m
- Dominican Republic: US$6.6m
- Chile: US$6m
- Nigeria: US$5.9m
- Serbia: US$5.5m
- Bahrain: US$5.4m
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Japan | US$385.5m | 14% |
| 2 | China | US$384.4m | 14% |
| 3 | Italy | US$381.3m | 13.9% |
| 4 | Germany | US$329.1m | 12% |
| 5 | United States | US$295.4m | 10.8% |
| 6 | Poland | US$159.2m | 5.8% |
| 7 |  South Korea | US$100.9m | 3.7% |
| 8 |  France | US$90.2m | 3.3% |
| 9 | Czechia | US$88.5m | 3.2% |
| 10 |  India | US$81.3m | 3% |
Top importers
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | US$307m | 11.2% |
| 2 | United States | US$263.2m | 9.6% |
| 3 | Germany | US$181.9m | 6.6% |
| 4 | United Kingdom | US$156.5m | 5.7% |
| 5 |  Indonesia | US$145.4m | 5.3% |
| 6 |  Taiwan | US$109.3m | 4% |
| 7 | India | US$80.2m | 2.9% |
| 8 | Japan | US$73m | 2.7% |
| 9 | France | US$70.9m | 2.6% |
| 10 |  Saudi Arabia | US$67.7m | 2.5% |
Recent rule changes mentioning this code
Acts whose text cites this code or its heading. Check the act itself: a code can be cited for reasons other than a change of its duty.
- Tariff change
UK Trade Tariff: measure changes on 1015 commodity codes
Trade Tariff changes 2026-09-29 · Source: trade-tariff.service.gov.uk
- Sanctions · Applies from:
The Iran (Sanctions) (Amendment) Regulations 2026
S.I. 2026/983 · Source: legislation.gov.uk
- Sanctions · Applies from:
The Russia (Sanctions) (EU Exit) (Amendment) Regulations 2026
S.I. 2026/543 · Source: legislation.gov.uk
-
Sanctions · Applies from: CELEX 32026R0759 · Source: eur-lex.europa.eu
In the UK Global Tariff, subheading 8406.90 covers 2 tariff lines and the duty is duty-free.
The EU Combined Nomenclature divides subheading 8406.90 into 2 tariff lines; the duty is 2.7%.
Goods from 174 countries can enter the UK at a preferential rate instead of the standard Free; 174 of them pay no duty at all, for example under DCTS Comprehensive or European Union.
In the UK, additional duty of 35% applies on top of the customs duty to goods from Belarus and Russia.
In the 12 months to August 2026, the UK imported steam turbine parts worth £126.1m (down 21% on the year before), at an average of £44.03 per kg; United States supplied 39%, followed by Germany.
World trade in steam turbine parts reached US$2.7bn in 2024, up 8.7% on 2023.
Japan was the largest exporter with 14% of the total, ahead of China.
Products classified here
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for steam turbines and other vapour turbines: parts?
Steam turbines and other vapour turbines: parts fall under HS subheading 8406.90, part of heading 8406, in section XVI of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on steam turbines and other vapour turbines: parts in the UK?
Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 8406.90 from countries without a preferential agreement are free of duty. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
What is the import duty on steam turbines and other vapour turbines: parts in the EU?
Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 8406.90 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 2.7%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most steam turbines and other vapour turbines: parts?
Japan, with US$385.5m in 2024 (14% of world exports).
Which countries can export steam turbine parts to the UK duty-free?
174 countries pay no duty under a trade agreement or preference scheme, among them partners under DCTS Comprehensive, European Union, DCTS Enhanced. The goods must meet the agreement’s rules of origin and the importer needs proof of origin; otherwise the standard rate of Free applies. Pick a country above to see its rate.
Is there anti-dumping duty on steam turbine parts?
The UK charges additional duty of 35% on goods from Belarus and Russia. Lower rates apply to the named exporters listed in the measure.
Where does the UK import steam turbine parts from?
In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were United States (39%), Germany (14%) and Poland (10%), out of total imports of £126.1m.
Typical products
- governors, for steam / vapour turbines
- rotor blades, for steam turbines
- rotors, for steam turbines
- stators, for steam / vapour turbines
- stators, for steam turbines
Everyday names, not part of the legal text.