Chapter · Section VI
Chapter 31: Fertilisers
- 0%–6.5%UK
- 0%–6.5%EU
- 0%–30%Türkiye
- FreeUSA
- US$96.9bnWorld trade in 2024
Chapter 31 of the Harmonized System has 5 headings and belongs to section VI (products of the chemical or allied industries).
The UK Global Tariff divides chapter 31 into 60 tariff lines; the duty is between 0% and 6.5% (average 5.1%). 9 of them are duty-free.
In the EU Combined Nomenclature, chapter 31 covers 33 tariff lines and the duty is between 0% and 6.5%. 7 of them are duty-free.
The Turkish Customs Tariff Schedule divides chapter 31 into 50 tariff lines; the statutory rate is between 0% and 30% (average 17%). 1 of them is duty-free.
In 2024, countries exported chapter 31 goods worth US$96.9bn (−7.1% year on year).
The largest exporter was Russia (US$15bn), followed by China.
The biggest buyer was Brazil, with imports of US$14.3bn.
Duty rates compared
The Turkish schedule prints the statutory rate set under Customs Law 474. The rate applied at import is laid down in the Import Regime Decision and can be lower, or different by country of origin.
Headings 5
- 3101Animal or vegetable fertilisers, whether or not mixed together or chemically treated; fertilisers produced by the mixing or chemical treatment of animal or vegetable products
- 3102Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous
- 3103Mineral or chemical fertilisers, phosphatic
- 3104Mineral or chemical fertilisers, potassic
- 3105Mineral or chemical fertilisers containing two or three of the fertilising elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; other fertilisers; goods of this chapter in tablets or similar forms or in packages of a gross weight not exceeding 10 kg
World trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$25.2mUS$25.2m+US$342m+US$1.2bn+> US$4.7bn
Exports: 175
- Russia: US$15bn
- China: US$9.7bn
- Morocco: US$9.4bn
- Canada: US$7.5bn
- Saudi Arabia: US$5bn
- United States: US$4.7bn
- Germany: US$3bn
- Oman: US$2.8bn
- Egypt: US$2.6bn
- Netherlands: US$2.4bn
- Belgium: US$2.4bn
- Israel: US$1.8bn
- Qatar: US$1.8bn
- Spain: US$1.6bn
- Norway: US$1.6bn
- Jordan: US$1.2bn
- Belarus: US$1.2bn
- Poland: US$1.1bn
- Algeria: US$1bn
- Nigeria: US$1bn
- United Arab Emirates: US$966.6m
- Uzbekistan: US$957.5m
- Malaysia: US$872.1m
- Laos: US$844.9m
- Lithuania: US$839.9m
- Finland: US$752.1m
- Italy: US$703.3m
- Vietnam: US$666.2m
- Indonesia: US$665.2m
- Türkiye: US$598.6m
- South Africa: US$594.9m
- Turkmenistan: US$589.7m
- Chile: US$552.2m
- France: US$522.7m
- Trinidad & Tobago: US$467.2m
- Bulgaria: US$462.3m
- Slovakia: US$440.3m
- South Korea: US$429.9m
- United Kingdom: US$415.9m
- Brunei: US$402.6m
- Austria: US$395.9m
- Australia: US$365.6m
- Mexico: US$342m
- Brazil: US$297.7m
- Kazakhstan: US$289.5m
- Sweden: US$285.7m
- Bahrain: US$284.4m
- Greece: US$283.5m
- Tunisia: US$277.9m
- Thailand: US$266.6m
- Portugal: US$215.6m
- Venezuela: US$212.5m
- India: US$211.9m
- Hungary: US$208.2m
- Czechia: US$208.1m
- Serbia: US$208m
- Taiwan: US$186.2m
- Georgia: US$183.6m
- Japan: US$170.9m
- Azerbaijan: US$160.4m
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$42.9mUS$42.9m+US$347.9m+US$992.6m+> US$2.6bn
Imports: 223
- Brazil: US$14.3bn
- United States: US$9.4bn
- India: US$7.6bn
- China: US$4.5bn
- Australia: US$3.9bn
- Canada: US$2.6bn
- France: US$2.6bn
- Thailand: US$2.5bn
- Bangladesh: US$2bn
- Türkiye: US$1.9bn
- Mexico: US$1.8bn
- Indonesia: US$1.7bn
- Poland: US$1.7bn
- Germany: US$1.5bn
- Argentina: US$1.5bn
- Spain: US$1.4bn
- Vietnam: US$1.4bn
- United Kingdom: US$1.2bn
- Ukraine: US$1.2bn
- Malaysia: US$1.1bn
- Italy: US$1.1bn
- Belgium: US$1.1bn
- Romania: US$992.6m
- South Africa: US$923.1m
- Djibouti: US$900m
- Peru: US$886.9m
- Colombia: US$872.4m
- Netherlands: US$830.9m
- Philippines: US$823.5m
- Pakistan: US$815.1m
- Zambia: US$770.5m
- Paraguay: US$673.9m
- South Korea: US$670.3m
- Myanmar (Burma): US$647.7m
- Japan: US$631.3m
- Chile: US$620.2m
- Ireland: US$550.2m
- Czechia: US$524.9m
- Kenya: US$523.7m
- Ecuador: US$493.1m
- New Zealand: US$491.7m
- Lithuania: US$491.6m
- Guatemala: US$451m
- Sweden: US$440.2m
- Hungary: US$433.2m
- Uruguay: US$416m
- Tanzania: US$415.9m
- Cambodia: US$411.3m
- Greece: US$406.5m
- Denmark: US$387.3m
- Morocco: US$381m
- Bulgaria: US$380.9m
- Serbia: US$362.8m
- Portugal: US$362.5m
- Côte d’Ivoire: US$356.3m
- Zimbabwe: US$347.9m
- Egypt: US$315.3m
- Latvia: US$306.8m
- Norway: US$288.2m
- Austria: US$286.4m
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | US$15bn | 15.5% | |
| 2 | US$9.7bn | 10% | |
| 3 | US$9.4bn | 9.7% | |
| 4 | US$7.5bn | 7.7% | |
| 5 | US$5bn | 5.2% | |
| 6 | US$4.7bn | 4.9% | |
| 7 | US$3bn | 3.1% | |
| 8 | US$2.8bn | 2.9% | |
| 9 | US$2.6bn | 2.7% | |
| 10 | US$2.4bn | 2.5% |
Top importers
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | US$14.3bn | 14.8% | |
| 2 | US$9.4bn | 9.7% | |
| 3 | US$7.6bn | 7.9% | |
| 4 | US$4.5bn | 4.6% | |
| 5 | US$3.9bn | 4% | |
| 6 | US$2.6bn | 2.7% | |
| 7 | US$2.6bn | 2.7% | |
| 8 | US$2.5bn | 2.6% | |
| 9 | US$2bn | 2.1% | |
| 10 | US$1.9bn | 1.9% |
Chapter notes
Notes
1. This chapter does not cover:
(a) animal blood of heading 0511;
(b) separate chemically defined compounds (other than those answering to the descriptions in note 2(a), 3(a), 4(a) or 5 below); or
(c) cultured potassium chloride crystals (other than optical elements) weighing not less than 2,5 g each, of heading 3824; optical elements of potassium chloride (heading 9001).
2. Heading 3102 applies only to the following goods, provided that they are not put up in the forms or packages described in heading 3105:
(a) goods which answer to one or other of the descriptions given below:
(1) sodium nitrate, whether or not pure;
(2) ammonium nitrate, whether or not pure;
(3) double salts, whether or not pure, of ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate;
(4) ammonium sulphate, whether or not pure;
(5) double salts (whether or not pure) or mixtures of calcium nitrate and ammonium nitrate;
(6) double salts (whether or not pure) or mixtures of calcium nitrate and magnesium nitrate;
(7) calcium cyanamide, whether or not pure or treated with oil;
(8) urea, whether or not pure;
(b) fertilisers consisting of any of the goods described in (a) above mixed together;
(c) fertilisers consisting of ammonium chloride or of any of the goods described in (a) or (b) above mixed with chalk, gypsum or other inorganic non-fertilising substances;
(d) liquid fertilisers consisting of the goods of subparagraph (a)(2) or (8) above, or of mixtures of those goods, in an aqueous or ammoniacal solution.
3. Heading 3103 applies only to the following goods, provided that they are not put up in the forms or packages described in heading 3105:
(a) goods which answer to one or other of the descriptions given below:
(1) basic slag;
(2) natural phosphates of heading 2510, calcined or further heat-treated than for the removal of impurities;
(3) superphosphates (single, double or triple);
(4) calcium hydrogenorthophosphate containing not less than 0,2 % by weight of fluorine calculated on the dry anhydrous product;
(b) fertilisers consisting of any of the goods described in (a) above mixed together, but with no account being taken of the fluorine content limit;
(c) fertilisers consisting of any of the goods described in (a) or (b) above, but with no account being taken of the fluorine content limit, mixed with chalk, gypsum or other inorganic non-fertilising substances.
4. Heading 3104 applies only to the following goods, provided that they are not put up in the forms or packages described in heading 3105:
(a) goods which answer to one or other of the descriptions given below:
(1) crude natural potassium salts (for example, carnallite, kainite and sylvite);
(2) potassium chloride, whether or not pure, except as provided in note 1(c) above;
(3) potassium sulphate, whether or not pure;
(4) magnesium potassium sulphate, whether or not pure;
(b) fertilisers consisting of any of the goods described in (a) above mixed together.
5. Ammonium dihydrogenorthophosphate (monoammonium phosphate) and diammonium hydrogenorthophosphate (diammonium phosphate), whether or not pure, and intermixtures thereof, are to be classified in heading 3105.
6. For the purposes of heading 3105, the term ‘other fertilisers’ applies only to products of a kind used as fertilisers and containing, as an essential constituent, at least one of the fertilising elements nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium.
Products classified here
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for fertilisers?
Fertilisers make up HS chapter 31, in section VI of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on fertilisers in the UK?
Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 31 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 0% to 6.5%, depending on the line. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
What is the import duty on fertilisers in the EU?
Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 31 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 0% to 6.5%, depending on the line. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most fertilisers?
Russia, with US$15bn in 2024 (15.5% of world exports).