Subheading · Chapter 84 · Heading 8412
8412.21: Hydraulic power engines and motors: linear acting (cylinders)
Hydraulic cylinders
Official description Linear acting (cylinders)
8412.21 is the HS subheading for hydraulic cylinders, under heading 8412 in chapter 84.
What you pay
Importing into UK
Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff
UK lines →- 8412 21 00 00 Linear acting (cylinders)
- 8412 21 20 00 Hydraulic systems
- 8412 21 20 10 For use in civil aircraft
- 8412 21 20 90 Other 2%
- 8412 21 80 00 Other
- 8412 21 80 10 For use in civil aircraft
- 8412 21 80 30 Linear acting hydraulic cylinder of a kind used in the machines for handling cargo containers: -with a weight of 45 kg or more but not more than 57 kg, -with a diameter of 119 mm or more but not more than 149 mm, -with a length of 779 mm or more but not more than 1141 mm, -with a stroke of 450 mm or more but not more than 610 mm, -adapted to work with hydraulic oil at a working pressure of 22 mpa or more but not more than 23 mpa, -whether or not with a maintenance-free bearing without the need for lubrication 2%
- 8412 21 80 40 Linear acting hydraulic cylinder of a kind used in the arms of machines for handling cargo containers: -with a weight of 827 kg or more but not more than 935 kg, -with a diameter of 250 mm or more but not more than 330 mm, -with a length of 3480 mm or more but not more than 4115 mm, -with a stroke of 2750 mm or more but not more than 3180 mm, -adapted to work with hydraulic oil at a working pressure of 23 mpa, -whether or not with a maintenance-free bearing without the need for lubrication 2%
- 8412 21 80 90 Other 2%
Additional duties and import rules
Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.
Additional duties and charges 4
- Additional dutyAdditional duties 35%
- Applies to goods from
- Belarus, Russia
- Legal act
- 2022 No. 376
- Documents
- 9008
- Duty suspensionNon preferential duty under end-use Free
- Applies to goods from
- all countries
- Legal act
- S.I. 2020/1430
- Documents
- N990 EUS - Authorisation for the use of end use procedure (Column 8c, Annex A of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446)
- Tariff lines
- on 2 of 6 lines
- Duty suspensionAirworthiness tariff suspension Free
- Applies to goods from
- all countries
- Legal act
- S.I. 2018/1249
- Documents
- C119 Authorised Release Certificate — EASA Form 1 (Appendix I to Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012), or equivalent certificate
- Duty suspensionSuspension - goods for certain categories of ships, boats and other vessels and for drilling or production platforms Free
- Applies to goods from
- all countries
- Legal act
- 2020 No. 1431
- Documents
- C990 End use authorisation ships and platforms (Column 8c, Annex A of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446)
- Tariff lines
- on 2 of 6 lines
Import requirements 3
- Prohibition or restrictionImport prohibition
- Applies to goods from
- North Korea
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/411
- Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
- Applies to goods from
- Russia, Ukraine
- Legal act
- 2023 No. 440, S.I. 2022/395
- Documents
- 9011
- 9022
- 9038
- 9009
- 9010
- 9017
- Import controlImport control on restricted goods and technologies
- Applies to goods from
- Iran, North Korea
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/461, S.I. 2019/411
- Documents
- Y966 Goods other than those described in the MG footnotes linked to the measure (Missile Technology Control Regime list - Annex III of Reg. (EU) 267/2012)
- Y920 Goods other than those described in the footnotes linked to the measure
Preferential rates by country
| Agreement or scheme | Countries | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| standard rate (no agreement) | — | 2% |
| DCTS Comprehensive | Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 38 moreAfghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia | Free |
| European Union (including code "EU") | Free | |
| DCTS Enhanced | Algeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville and 13 moreAlgeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville, Cook Islands, Kyrgyzstan, Micronesia, Mongolia, Nigeria, Niue, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu | Free |
| CARIFORUM | Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 moreAntigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago | Free |
| OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories) | Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 moreAnguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands | Free |
| Central America | Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama | Free |
| SADC EPA | Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia | Free |
| Eastern and Southern Africa States | Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe | Free |
| CPTPP | Brunei, Malaysia | Free |
| UK–Andorra agreement | Andorra | Free |
| UK–Albania agreement | Albania | Free |
| UK–Australia agreement | Australia | Free |
| UK–Canada agreement | Canada | Free |
| UK–Switzerland agreement | Switzerland | Free |
| UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement | Côte d’Ivoire | Free |
| UK–Chile agreement | Chile | Free |
| UK–Cameroon agreement | Cameroon | Free |
| UK–Colombia agreement | Colombia | Free |
| UK–Ceuta & Melilla agreement | Ceuta & Melilla | Free |
| UK–Ecuador agreement | Ecuador | Free |
| UK–Egypt agreement | Egypt | Free |
| UK–Fiji agreement | Fiji | Free |
| UK–Faroe Islands agreement | Faroe Islands | Free |
| UK–Georgia agreement | Georgia | Free |
| UK–Ghana agreement | Ghana | Free |
| DCTS Standard | Indonesia | Free |
| UK–Israel agreement | Israel | Free |
| UK–India agreement | India | Free |
| UK–Iceland agreement | Iceland | Free |
| UK–Jordan agreement | Jordan | Free |
| UK–Japan agreement | Japan | Free |
| UK–Kenya agreement | Kenya | Free |
| UK–South Korea agreement | South Korea | Free |
| UK–Lebanon agreement | Lebanon | Free |
| UK–Liechtenstein agreement | Liechtenstein | Free |
| UK–Morocco agreement | Morocco | Free |
| UK–Moldova agreement | Moldova | Free |
| UK–North Macedonia agreement | North Macedonia | Free |
| UK–Mexico agreement | Mexico | Free |
| UK–Norway agreement | Norway | Free |
| UK–New Zealand agreement | New Zealand | Free |
| UK–Peru agreement | Peru | Free |
| UK–Papua New Guinea agreement | Papua New Guinea | Free |
| UK–Palestinian Territories agreement | Palestinian Territories | Free |
| UK–Serbia agreement | Serbia | Free |
| UK–Solomon Islands agreement | Solomon Islands | Free |
| UK–Singapore agreement | Singapore | Free |
| UK–San Marino agreement | San Marino | Free |
| UK–Tunisia agreement | Tunisia | Free |
| UK–Türkiye agreement | Türkiye | Free |
| UK–Ukraine agreement | Ukraine | Free |
| UK–Vietnam agreement | Vietnam | Free |
| UK–Samoa agreement | Samoa | Free |
| UK–Kosovo agreement | Kosovo | Free |
| UK–South Africa agreement | South Africa | Free |
UK: imports by month
Main suppliers, last 12 months
| Country | Value | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
 United States | £124.8m | 33.5% | +2.2% |
| United Kingdom | £40.5m | 10.9% | +6.5% |
 Germany | £31.3m | 8.4% | +13.2% |
 France | £24.9m | 6.7% | +8.6% |
 India | £22.3m | 6% | -4.1% |
 Philippines | £16.1m | 4.3% | +46.3% |
 South Korea | £16.1m | 4.3% | +355.2% |
 Italy | £15.9m | 4.3% | +20.7% |
Same subheading in other tariffs
EU
TürkiyeWorld trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$183kUS$183k+US$11m+US$121m+> US$336m
Exports: 169
- United States: US$1bn
- China: US$1bn
- Germany: US$1bn
- United Kingdom: US$451m
- South Korea: US$400m
- France: US$336m
- Canada: US$332m
- Japan: US$311m
- Italy: US$292m
- Bulgaria: US$220m
- Philippines: US$193m
- Netherlands: US$190m
- India: US$161m
- Austria: US$158m
- Mexico: US$143m
- Poland: US$135m
- Sweden: US$121m
- Finland: US$107m
- Türkiye: US$104m
- Ireland: US$102m
- Spain: US$92m
- Czechia: US$84m
- Denmark: US$75m
- Brazil: US$64m
- Romania: US$57m
- Taiwan: US$56m
- Singapore: US$51m
- Switzerland: US$43m
- Belgium: US$41m
- Norway: US$40m
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$39m
- Hungary: US$31m
- Thailand: US$29m
- South Africa: US$29m
- Slovakia: US$21m
- Australia: US$21m
- Slovenia: US$20m
- Indonesia: US$16m
- United Arab Emirates: US$14m
- Morocco: US$14m
- Vietnam: US$12m
- Kazakhstan: US$11m
- New Zealand: US$11m
- Malaysia: US$10m
- Luxembourg: US$9m
- Bosnia & Herzegovina: US$8m
- Serbia: US$7m
- Croatia: US$6m
- Russia: US$6m
- Chile: US$5m
- Lithuania: US$4m
- Tunisia: US$4m
- Belarus: US$3m
- Portugal: US$3m
- Saudi Arabia: US$2m
- Israel: US$2m
- Angola: US$2m
- Greece: US$2m
- Peru: US$2m
- Ukraine: US$2m
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$2mUS$2m+US$13m+US$101m+> US$285m
Imports: 216
- United States: US$2bn
- Germany: US$646m
- France: US$413m
- United Kingdom: US$400m
- China: US$393m
- Canada: US$289m
- Brazil: US$285m
- Mexico: US$249m
- Australia: US$246m
- Japan: US$225m
- Netherlands: US$204m
- Austria: US$198m
- Italy: US$188m
- South Korea: US$164m
- Singapore: US$130m
- Türkiye: US$122m
- India: US$121m
- Poland: US$119m
- United Arab Emirates: US$115m
- Sweden: US$112m
- Belgium: US$103m
- Czechia: US$101m
- Spain: US$95m
- Russia: US$90m
- Norway: US$83m
- Saudi Arabia: US$81m
- Switzerland: US$78m
- Vietnam: US$72m
- Indonesia: US$68m
- Morocco: US$64m
- Chile: US$60m
- Thailand: US$58m
- South Africa: US$56m
- Finland: US$44m
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$41m
- Denmark: US$35m
- Taiwan: US$34m
- Peru: US$34m
- Kazakhstan: US$34m
- Israel: US$33m
- Malaysia: US$30m
- Slovenia: US$29m
- Argentina: US$26m
- Hungary: US$25m
- Romania: US$22m
- Ukraine: US$22m
- Colombia: US$20m
- Ireland: US$20m
- Philippines: US$19m
- Uzbekistan: US$16m
- Luxembourg: US$16m
- Serbia: US$15m
- Algeria: US$14m
- Zambia: US$13m
- Congo - Kinshasa: US$13m
- Iran: US$13m
- Qatar: US$13m
- Portugal: US$12m
- Guyana: US$12m
- Egypt: US$12m
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | US$1bn | 17.9% |
| 2 |  China | US$1bn | 12.9% |
| 3 | Germany | US$1bn | 12.4% |
| 4 | United Kingdom | US$451m | 5.4% |
| 5 | South Korea | US$400m | 4.8% |
| 6 | France | US$336m | 4% |
| 7 |  Canada | US$332m | 4% |
| 8 |  Japan | US$311m | 3.7% |
| 9 | Italy | US$292m | 3.5% |
| 10 |  Bulgaria | US$220m | 2.7% |
Top importers
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | US$2bn | 21.1% |
| 2 | Germany | US$646m | 7.8% |
| 3 | France | US$413m | 5% |
| 4 | United Kingdom | US$400m | 4.8% |
| 5 | China | US$393m | 4.7% |
| 6 | Canada | US$289m | 3.5% |
| 7 |  Brazil | US$285m | 3.4% |
| 8 |  Mexico | US$249m | 3% |
| 9 |  Australia | US$246m | 3% |
| 10 | Japan | US$225m | 2.7% |
Binding rulings for similar goods 6
Decisions of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CROSS) and HMRC (Advance Tariff Rulings) on goods classified here. A ruling binds only its holder, but shows how the authorities classify similar goods. The descriptions are the authorities’ own, in English.
- N363511 U.S. CBP
The tariff classification of a linear acting hydraulic cylinder from China
- N355148 U.S. CBP
The tariff classification and country of origin of clutch slave cylinders
- N313988 U.S. CBP
The tariff classification of a landing gear actuator from Japan.
- N305628 U.S. CBP
The tariff classification of a hydraulic cylinder from China
- H195876 U.S. CBP
Revocation of New York Ruling Letters (“NY”) A85456, dated August 6, 1996, and NY A86849, dated September 10, 1996; Classification of parts of clutch master cylinders and clutch slave cylinders for motor vehicles
- H222415 U.S. CBP
Revocation of New York Ruling Letter (NY) A85455, dated August 1, 1996, and Headquarters Ruling Letter (HQ) 952719, dated January 13, 1993; Classification of various parts of hydraulic braking systems for motor vehicles and tractors
Recent rule changes mentioning this code
Acts whose text cites this code or its heading. Check the act itself: a code can be cited for reasons other than a change of its duty.
- Tariff change
UK Trade Tariff: measure changes on 103 commodity codes
Trade Tariff changes 2026-09-21 · Source: trade-tariff.service.gov.uk
- Tariff change
Update to VATZ Coverage – 8 September 2026
Trade Tariff news 8315 · Source: trade-tariff.service.gov.uk
- Sanctions · Applies from:
The Russia (Sanctions) (EU Exit) (Amendment) Regulations 2026
S.I. 2026/543 · Source: legislation.gov.uk
The UK Global Tariff divides subheading 8412.21 into 6 tariff lines; the duty is 2%.
In the EU Combined Nomenclature, subheading 8412.21 covers 2 tariff lines and the duty is 2.7%.
174 countries pay no duty in the UK thanks to trade agreements and preference schemes such as DCTS Comprehensive and European Union, against a standard rate of 2%.
In the UK, additional duty of 35% applies on top of the customs duty to goods from Belarus and Russia.
Imports of hydraulic cylinders into the UK came to £372.3m between September 2025 and August 2026 (up 10% on the year before); United States supplied 34%, followed by United Kingdom.
In 2024, countries exported hydraulic cylinders worth US$8bn (+3.1% year on year).
The largest exporter was the United States (US$1bn), followed by China.
Products classified here
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for hydraulic power engines and motors: linear acting (cylinders)?
Hydraulic power engines and motors: linear acting (cylinders) fall under HS subheading 8412.21, part of heading 8412, in section XVI of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on hydraulic power engines and motors in the UK?
Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 8412.21 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 2%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
What is the import duty on hydraulic power engines and motors in the EU?
Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 8412.21 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 2.7%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most hydraulic power engines and motors?
The United States, with US$1bn in 2024 (17.9% of world exports).
Which countries can export hydraulic cylinders to the UK duty-free?
174 countries pay no duty under a trade agreement or preference scheme, among them partners under DCTS Comprehensive, European Union, DCTS Enhanced. The goods must meet the agreement’s rules of origin and the importer needs proof of origin; otherwise the standard rate of 2% applies. Pick a country above to see its rate.
Is there anti-dumping duty on hydraulic cylinders?
The UK charges additional duty of 35% on goods from Belarus and Russia. Lower rates apply to the named exporters listed in the measure.
Where does the UK import hydraulic cylinders from?
In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were United States (34%), United Kingdom (11%) and Germany (8%), out of total imports of £372.3m.