Subheading · Chapter 84 · Heading 8445
8445.11: Machines for preparing textile fibres: carding machines
Official description Carding machines
8445.11 is a six-digit subheading of heading 8445, machines for preparing textile fibres, chapter 84.
What you pay
Importing into UK
Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff
UK lines →- 8445 11 00 00 Carding machines Freep/st
Additional duties and import rules
Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.
Additional duties and charges 1
- Additional dutyAdditional duties 35%
- Applies to goods from
- Belarus, Russia
- Legal act
- 2022 No. 376
- Documents
Preferential rates by country
| Agreement or scheme | Countries | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| standard rate (no agreement) | — | Free |
| DCTS Comprehensive | Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 38 moreAfghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia | Free |
| European Union (including code "EU") | Free | |
| DCTS Enhanced | Algeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville and 13 moreAlgeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville, Cook Islands, Kyrgyzstan, Micronesia, Mongolia, Nigeria, Niue, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu | Free |
| CARIFORUM | Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 moreAntigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago | Free |
| OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories) | Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 moreAnguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands | Free |
| Central America | Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama | Free |
| SADC EPA | Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia | Free |
| Eastern and Southern Africa States | Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe | Free |
| CPTPP | Brunei, Malaysia | Free |
| UK–Andorra agreement | Andorra | Free |
| UK–Albania agreement | Albania | Free |
| UK–Australia agreement | Australia | Free |
| UK–Canada agreement | Canada | Free |
| UK–Switzerland agreement | Switzerland | Free |
| UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement | Côte d’Ivoire | Free |
| UK–Chile agreement | Chile | Free |
| UK–Cameroon agreement | Cameroon | Free |
| UK–Colombia agreement | Colombia | Free |
| UK–Ceuta & Melilla agreement | Ceuta & Melilla | Free |
| UK–Ecuador agreement | Ecuador | Free |
| UK–Egypt agreement | Egypt | Free |
| UK–Fiji agreement | Fiji | Free |
| UK–Faroe Islands agreement | Faroe Islands | Free |
| UK–Georgia agreement | Georgia | Free |
| UK–Ghana agreement | Ghana | Free |
| DCTS Standard | Indonesia | Free |
| UK–Israel agreement | Israel | Free |
| UK–India agreement | India | Free |
| UK–Iceland agreement | Iceland | Free |
| UK–Jordan agreement | Jordan | Free |
| UK–Japan agreement | Japan | Free |
| UK–Kenya agreement | Kenya | Free |
| UK–South Korea agreement | South Korea | Free |
| UK–Lebanon agreement | Lebanon | Free |
| UK–Liechtenstein agreement | Liechtenstein | Free |
| UK–Morocco agreement | Morocco | Free |
| UK–Moldova agreement | Moldova | Free |
| UK–North Macedonia agreement | North Macedonia | Free |
| UK–Mexico agreement | Mexico | Free |
| UK–Norway agreement | Norway | Free |
| UK–New Zealand agreement | New Zealand | Free |
| UK–Peru agreement | Peru | Free |
| UK–Papua New Guinea agreement | Papua New Guinea | Free |
| UK–Palestinian Territories agreement | Palestinian Territories | Free |
| UK–Serbia agreement | Serbia | Free |
| UK–Solomon Islands agreement | Solomon Islands | Free |
| UK–Singapore agreement | Singapore | Free |
| UK–San Marino agreement | San Marino | Free |
| UK–Tunisia agreement | Tunisia | Free |
| UK–Türkiye agreement | Türkiye | Free |
| UK–Ukraine agreement | Ukraine | Free |
| UK–Vietnam agreement | Vietnam | Free |
| UK–Samoa agreement | Samoa | Free |
| UK–Kosovo agreement | Kosovo | Free |
| UK–South Africa agreement | South Africa | Free |
UK: imports by month
Main suppliers, last 12 months
| Country | Value | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
 Germany | £310k | 42.8% | +17,577.3% |
| United Kingdom | £182k | 25.1% | — |
 China | £110k | 15.2% | +213.3% |
 Italy | £69k | 9.5% | +127.5% |
 United States | £21k | 2.9% | — |
 New Zealand | £21k | 2.8% | +32.5% |
 India | £11k | 1.5% | — |
 France | £1k | 0.2% | — |
Same subheading in other tariffs
EUWorld trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$84.8kUS$84.8k+US$712.6k+US$2.9m+> US$79.2m
Exports: 55
- China: US$93.7m
- Germany: US$79.2m
- Italy: US$17.1m
- India: US$3.6m
- Taiwan: US$3.5m
- United States: US$2.9m
- Brazil: US$2.6m
- France: US$2.4m
- Spain: US$2m
- Türkiye: US$1.8m
- South Korea: US$1.4m
- Switzerland: US$1.2m
- United Arab Emirates: US$999.2k
- United Kingdom: US$712.6k
- Thailand: US$637.4k
- Portugal: US$487k
- Canada: US$478.8k
- New Zealand: US$465.4k
- Philippines: US$449.8k
- Japan: US$295.8k
- Pakistan: US$206.7k
- Sri Lanka: US$196.5k
- Czechia: US$103k
- Poland: US$93.8k
- Peru: US$89.4k
- Uruguay: US$86.5k
- Belgium: US$84.8k
- Bolivia: US$69.6k
- Hungary: US$63.3k
- Indonesia: US$61.3k
- Singapore: US$58.4k
- Serbia: US$39.1k
- Georgia: US$38.3k
- Netherlands: US$27.1k
- Marshall Islands: US$26k
- Russia: US$25.1k
- Austria: US$22.3k
- Chile: US$15k
- Sweden: US$13.3k
- Mexico: US$13.2k
- Australia: US$10.6k
- Malaysia: US$10.4k
- Ireland: US$9.5k
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$8.3k
- Vietnam: US$6.8k
- South Africa: US$5k
- Ukraine: US$4.5k
- Denmark: US$3.2k
- Bosnia & Herzegovina: US$2.2k
- Lebanon: US$2.2k
- Guatemala: US$1k
- Kazakhstan: US$900
- Uzbekistan: US$600
- Lithuania: US$300
- Slovakia: US$0
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$127.5kUS$127.5k+US$555.5k+US$2.4m+> US$11.6m
Imports: 136
- Türkiye: US$50.6m
- Uzbekistan: US$23.7m
- Vietnam: US$21.8m
- China: US$14.5m
- India: US$11.6m
- Indonesia: US$11m
- United States: US$9.6m
- Egypt: US$9.4m
- Bangladesh: US$8m
- Mexico: US$7.3m
- Pakistan: US$5.3m
- Thailand: US$3.6m
- Australia: US$3m
- Germany: US$2.4m
- Peru: US$2.3m
- Austria: US$2.2m
- Argentina: US$1.9m
- Guatemala: US$1.8m
- Italy: US$1.7m
- Japan: US$1.6m
- South Korea: US$1.2m
- Iran: US$1m
- Malaysia: US$1m
- Benin: US$962.3k
- Spain: US$907.6k
- Algeria: US$900.6k
- El Salvador: US$888.9k
- Uruguay: US$801.1k
- Brazil: US$798.8k
- New Zealand: US$747.2k
- Czechia: US$677.7k
- Costa Rica: US$659.7k
- Portugal: US$555.8k
- Paraguay: US$555.5k
- Azerbaijan: US$537.8k
- South Africa: US$525.7k
- Netherlands: US$483.1k
- United Arab Emirates: US$478.9k
- Chile: US$462.6k
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$419.5k
- Canada: US$419.2k
- Switzerland: US$401.5k
- Kazakhstan: US$372.4k
- Slovenia: US$345.2k
- Taiwan: US$331.3k
- United Kingdom: US$324.7k
- Mongolia: US$318.2k
- Belgium: US$307.3k
- Nigeria: US$284.1k
- Morocco: US$267.3k
- Croatia: US$267.2k
- Uganda: US$264.1k
- Nepal: US$242.8k
- Ethiopia: US$238.5k
- Saudi Arabia: US$234.7k
- Norway: US$218.2k
- Colombia: US$207k
- Tanzania: US$199.5k
- Philippines: US$182.6k
- Greece: US$180.6k
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | US$93.7m | 43.1% |
| 2 | Germany | US$79.2m | 36.4% |
| 3 | Italy | US$17.1m | 7.9% |
| 4 | India | US$3.6m | 1.7% |
| 5 |  Taiwan | US$3.5m | 1.6% |
| 6 | United States | US$2.9m | 1.3% |
| 7 |  Brazil | US$2.6m | 1.2% |
| 8 | France | US$2.4m | 1.1% |
| 9 |  Spain | US$2m | 0.9% |
| 10 |  Türkiye | US$1.8m | 0.8% |
Top importers
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Türkiye | US$50.6m | 23.3% |
| 2 |  Uzbekistan | US$23.7m | 10.9% |
| 3 |  Vietnam | US$21.8m | 10% |
| 4 | China | US$14.5m | 6.7% |
| 5 | India | US$11.6m | 5.3% |
| 6 |  Indonesia | US$11m | 5.1% |
| 7 | United States | US$9.6m | 4.4% |
| 8 |  Egypt | US$9.4m | 4.3% |
| 9 |  Bangladesh | US$8m | 3.7% |
| 10 |  Mexico | US$7.3m | 3.4% |
Recent rule changes mentioning this code
Acts whose text cites this code or its heading. Check the act itself: a code can be cited for reasons other than a change of its duty.
- Sanctions · Applies from:
The Russia (Sanctions) (EU Exit) (Amendment) Regulations 2026
S.I. 2026/543 · Source: legislation.gov.uk
Subheading 8445.11 is a single line in the UK Global Tariff, where the duty is duty-free.
The EU Combined Nomenclature has one tariff line for subheading 8445.11; the duty is 1.7%.
Goods from 174 countries can enter the UK at a preferential rate instead of the standard Free; 174 of them pay no duty at all, for example under DCTS Comprehensive or European Union.
In the UK, additional duty of 35% applies on top of the customs duty to goods from Belarus and Russia.
In the 12 months to August 2026, the UK imported these goods worth £724.8k (down 30% on the year before), at an average of £6.55 per kg; Germany supplied 43%, followed by United Kingdom.
World trade in these goods reached US$217.4m in 2024, down 39.8% on 2023.
China was the largest exporter with 43.1% of the total, ahead of Germany.
Products classified here
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for machines for preparing textile fibres: carding machines?
Machines for preparing textile fibres: carding machines fall under HS subheading 8445.11, part of heading 8445, in section XVI of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on machines for preparing textile fibres in the UK?
Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 8445.11 from countries without a preferential agreement are free of duty. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
What is the import duty on machines for preparing textile fibres in the EU?
Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 8445.11 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 1.7%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most machines for preparing textile fibres?
China, with US$93.7m in 2024 (43.1% of world exports).
Which countries can export these goods to the UK duty-free?
174 countries pay no duty under a trade agreement or preference scheme, among them partners under DCTS Comprehensive, European Union, DCTS Enhanced. The goods must meet the agreement’s rules of origin and the importer needs proof of origin; otherwise the standard rate of Free applies. Pick a country above to see its rate.
Is there anti-dumping duty on these goods?
The UK charges additional duty of 35% on goods from Belarus and Russia. Lower rates apply to the named exporters listed in the measure.
Where does the UK import these goods from?
In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were Germany (43%), United Kingdom (25%) and China (15%), out of total imports of £724.8k.
Typical products
Everyday names, not part of the legal text.