Subheading · Chapter 22 · Heading 2206
2206.00: Other fermented beverages (for example, cider, perry, mead, saké); mixtures of fermented beverages and mixtures of fermented beverages and non-alcoholic beverages, not elsewhere specified or included
Cider, perry, mead and sake
2206.00 is the HS subheading for cider, perry, mead and sake, under heading 2206 in chapter 22.
What you pay
Importing into UK
Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff
UK lines →- 2206 00 10 00 Piquette 1 GBP / % vol/hll
- 2206 00 31 00 Cider and perry 16 GBP / hll
- 2206 00 39 00 Other 16 GBP / hll
- 2206 00 51 00 Cider and perry 6.4 GBP / hll
- 2206 00 59 00 Other 6.4 GBP / hll
- 2206 00 81 00 Cider and perry 4.8 GBP / hll
- 2206 00 89 00 Other 4.8 GBP / hll
Additional duties and import rules
Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.
Additional duties and charges 2
- Additional dutyAdditional duties 35%
- Applies to goods from
- Belarus, Russia
- Legal act
- 2022 No. 376
- Documents
- 9008
- Excise dutyExcises
- Applies to goods from
- all countries
Import requirements 3
- Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
- Applies to goods from
- Ukraine
- Legal act
- S.I. 2022/395
- Documents
- 9009
- 9010
- 9017
- Import controlImport control on luxury goods
- Applies to goods from
- North Korea
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/411
- Documents
- Y945 Travellers' personal effects or goods of a non-commercial nature for travellers' personal use contained in their luggage (Art 10.2 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509)
- Y946 Goods necessary for the official purposes of diplomatic or consular missions of Member States in the DPRK or international organisations enjoying immunities in accordance with international law, or to the personal effects of their staff (Art 10.3 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1509)
- Import controlImport control of organic products
- Applies to goods from
- all countries except Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Cyprus, Czechia, Germany, Denmark, Estonia, Spain, Finland, France, United Kingdom, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, Italy, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, Slovenia, Slovakia
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/693
Preferential rates by country
| Agreement or scheme | Countries | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| standard rate (no agreement) | — | — |
| DCTS Comprehensive | Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 38 moreAfghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia | Free |
| European Union (including code "EU") | Free | |
| DCTS Enhanced | Algeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville and 13 moreAlgeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville, Cook Islands, Kyrgyzstan, Micronesia, Mongolia, Nigeria, Niue, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu | Free |
| CARIFORUM | Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 moreAntigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago | Free |
| OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories) | Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 moreAnguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands | Free |
| Central America | Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama | Free |
| SADC EPA | Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia | Free |
| Eastern and Southern Africa States | Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe | Free |
| CPTPP | Brunei, Chile, Malaysia | Free |
| UK–Albania agreement | Albania | Free |
| UK–Australia agreement | Australia | Free |
| UK–Canada agreement | Canada | Free |
| UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement | Côte d’Ivoire | Free |
| UK–Chile agreement | Chile | Free |
| UK–Cameroon agreement | Cameroon | Free |
| UK–Colombia agreement | Colombia | Free |
| UK–Ceuta & Melilla agreement | Ceuta & Melilla | Free |
| UK–Ecuador agreement | Ecuador | Free |
| UK–Egypt agreement | Egypt | Free |
| UK–Fiji agreement | Fiji | Free |
| UK–Georgia agreement | Georgia | Free |
| UK–Ghana agreement | Ghana | Free |
| DCTS Standard | Indonesia | Free |
| UK–Israel agreement | Israel | Free |
| UK–India agreement | India | Free |
| UK–Jordan agreement | Jordan | Free |
| UK–Japan agreement | Japan | Free |
| UK–Kenya agreement | Kenya | Free |
| UK–South Korea agreement | South Korea | Free |
| UK–Lebanon agreement | Lebanon | Free |
| UK–Morocco agreement | Morocco | Free |
| UK–Moldova agreement | Moldova | Free |
| UK–North Macedonia agreement | North Macedonia | Free |
| UK–Mexico agreement | Mexico | Free |
| UK–Norway agreement | Norway | Free |
| UK–New Zealand agreement | New Zealand | Free |
| UK–Peru agreement | Peru | Free |
| UK–Papua New Guinea agreement | Papua New Guinea | Free |
| UK–Palestinian Territories agreement | Palestinian Territories | Free |
| UK–Serbia agreement | Serbia | Free |
| UK–Solomon Islands agreement | Solomon Islands | Free |
| UK–Singapore agreement | Singapore | Free |
| UK–San Marino agreement | San Marino | Free |
| UK–Türkiye agreement | Türkiye | Free |
| UK–Ukraine agreement | Ukraine | Free |
| UK–Vietnam agreement | Vietnam | Free |
| UK–Samoa agreement | Samoa | Free |
| UK–Kosovo agreement | Kosovo | Free |
| UK–South Africa agreement | South Africa | Free |
UK: imports by month
Main suppliers, last 12 months
| Country | Value | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| £75.2m | 38.8% | -6.5% | |
| £67.5m | 34.8% | -21.7% | |
| £18m | 9.3% | +8.9% | |
| £10.7m | 5.5% | +10.8% | |
| £4.2m | 2.1% | -1.8% | |
| £4.1m | 2.1% | +33% | |
| £3.9m | 2% | +4,222.6% | |
| £3m | 1.5% | +6% |
Same subheading in other tariffs
World trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$259.5kUS$259.5k+US$5.4m+US$45.6m+> US$137.4m
Exports: 140
- Japan: US$305.4m
- Canada: US$145.1m
- Ireland: US$138.3m
- South Africa: US$137.4m
- Sweden: US$134.2m
- Italy: US$131.4m
- Germany: US$103.2m
- Mexico: US$85.1m
- Belgium: US$62.5m
- United Kingdom: US$51.8m
- Spain: US$48.6m
- South Korea: US$48.5m
- France: US$46.7m
- United States: US$45.6m
- Netherlands: US$41.7m
- China: US$39.4m
- Austria: US$38.6m
- Lithuania: US$30.2m
- Denmark: US$29.5m
- Estonia: US$28.5m
- Jamaica: US$27m
- Croatia: US$23.2m
- Poland: US$20.1m
- Armenia: US$14.1m
- Slovakia: US$11.8m
- Finland: US$11m
- Vietnam: US$10.7m
- Hungary: US$10.4m
- Brazil: US$10m
- Australia: US$9.6m
- Latvia: US$6.7m
- Serbia: US$5.8m
- Czechia: US$5.4m
- Dominican Republic: US$4.9m
- Portugal: US$4.6m
- Russia: US$4.2m
- Trinidad & Tobago: US$4.2m
- New Zealand: US$3.4m
- Thailand: US$3.3m
- Moldova: US$3.2m
- Argentina: US$3.1m
- Azerbaijan: US$3m
- Slovenia: US$2.8m
- Bulgaria: US$2.6m
- Chile: US$2.6m
- Switzerland: US$2.4m
- Taiwan: US$2m
- Kenya: US$1.8m
- Malaysia: US$1.7m
- Singapore: US$1.7m
- Côte d’Ivoire: US$1.3m
- Romania: US$1.3m
- St Kitts & Nevis: US$1m
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$809.8k
- Ukraine: US$758.9k
- Luxembourg: US$713.9k
- Sri Lanka: US$516.1k
- Georgia: US$479.1k
- Greece: US$433.2k
- Colombia: US$432.5k
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$574.8kUS$574.8k+US$5.4m+US$16.6m+> US$46.1m
Imports: 216
- United States: US$484.7m
- United Kingdom: US$264.3m
- China: US$83.9m
- Germany: US$69.2m
- Japan: US$68m
- South Korea: US$50.4m
- Canada: US$46.1m
- Spain: US$43.5m
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$41.7m
- Botswana: US$38.5m
- Netherlands: US$33.3m
- Russia: US$31.7m
- Ireland: US$27.3m
- France: US$26.6m
- South Africa: US$24.8m
- Czechia: US$24.3m
- Australia: US$23.7m
- Taiwan: US$23.2m
- Mozambique: US$19.5m
- Hungary: US$18.4m
- Italy: US$17m
- Singapore: US$16.6m
- Sweden: US$15.9m
- Latvia: US$14.5m
- Austria: US$14.5m
- Norway: US$13.7m
- Lesotho: US$13.6m
- Zambia: US$13.6m
- Ukraine: US$13m
- Portugal: US$12.7m
- Belgium: US$12.4m
- Slovakia: US$12.4m
- Poland: US$11.1m
- Dominican Republic: US$10.8m
- Switzerland: US$10.6m
- Thailand: US$10.1m
- Finland: US$9.9m
- Lithuania: US$9.8m
- Denmark: US$9.2m
- Paraguay: US$8.8m
- Estonia: US$8.8m
- Tanzania: US$8.6m
- New Zealand: US$8.4m
- Croatia: US$8.3m
- Eswatini: US$8.1m
- Romania: US$8m
- Vietnam: US$7.3m
- Mexico: US$7m
- Greece: US$6m
- Côte d’Ivoire: US$6m
- Kazakhstan: US$5.9m
- United Arab Emirates: US$5.9m
- Israel: US$5.9m
- Malaysia: US$5.4m
- Slovenia: US$5m
- Cyprus: US$4.6m
- Ghana: US$4.6m
- Costa Rica: US$4.3m
- Bosnia & Herzegovina: US$4.3m
- Zimbabwe: US$3.9m
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | US$305.4m | 15.9% | |
| 2 | US$145.1m | 7.6% | |
| 3 | US$138.3m | 7.2% | |
| 4 | US$137.4m | 7.1% | |
| 5 | US$134.2m | 7% | |
| 6 | US$131.4m | 6.8% | |
| 7 | US$103.2m | 5.4% | |
| 8 | US$85.1m | 4.4% | |
| 9 | US$62.5m | 3.3% | |
| 10 | US$51.8m | 2.7% |
Top importers
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | US$484.7m | 25.2% | |
| 2 | US$264.3m | 13.7% | |
| 3 | US$83.9m | 4.4% | |
| 4 | US$69.2m | 3.6% | |
| 5 | US$68m | 3.5% | |
| 6 | US$50.4m | 2.6% | |
| 7 | US$46.1m | 2.4% | |
| 8 | US$43.5m | 2.3% | |
| 9 | US$41.7m | 2.2% | |
| 10 | US$38.5m | 2% |
Binding rulings for similar goods 20
Decisions of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CROSS) and HMRC (Advance Tariff Rulings) on goods classified here. A ruling binds only its holder, but shows how the authorities classify similar goods. The descriptions are the authorities’ own, in English.
- N338984 U.S. CBP
The tariff classification of flavored malt alcohol beverages from the United States
- N333739 U.S. CBP
The tariff classification of Zardetto Spritz from Italy
- N324687 U.S. CBP
The tariff classification of “Sangria Don Simon” from Spain.
- N324671 U.S. CBP
The tariff classification of Bizzarro Bitter Aperitivo with Bengal Tonic from Australia
- N324672 U.S. CBP
The tariff classification of Bizzarro Bitter Aperitivo Spritz from Australia
- H294502 U.S. CBP
Affirmation of NY N291905; classification of malt beverage base
- 600015914 HMRC
The product is an alcoholic sake made from water, alcohol, fermented seasoning, hydrolysed protein, salt, syrup, white wine-type fermented seasoning and citric acid. Although intended for culinary use, its low salt content makes it suitable for consumption as a beverage. The alcohol is obtained…
- 600015925 HMRC
The product is an alcoholic rice wine made from syrup, crude mirin, water, fermented alcohol and glutinous rice. Although intended for culinary use, its low salt content makes it suitable for consumption as a beverage. It is packaged in a 1-litre polyethylene terephthalate bottle with a…
- 600014608 HMRC
Rice wine, this is used in Japanese cooking to flavour food. This is used for For Teriyaki & Yakitori. Packaged in a bottle. Ingredients: Glucose syrup Water Alcohol Rice 11.10%
- 600013385 HMRC
lemon radler Ingredients: Approximately 60% lemonade and 40% beer Carbonated alcohol product, 2% ABV Packaged in 500ml cans
- 600010722 HMRC
Blueberry Cider Fizz A ready alcohol drink for human consumption. The drink is sold in 0.5L can. Ingredients: water , fermented apple juice, fructose-glucose syrup, carbon dioxide, acidity regulator - citric acid, natural flavour (colouring foodstuff carrot extract), preservatives - potassium…
- 600010723 HMRC
Apple Cider Fizz A ready alcohol drink for human consumption. The drink is sold in 0.5L can. Ingredients: water, fermented apple juice, fructose-glucose syrup, apple juice from juice concentrate, carbon dioxide , acidity regulator - citric acid, caramel sugar syrup, natural flavouring,…
20 rulings in total for this code
In the UK Global Tariff all 7 lines under subheading 2206.00 carry a specific or compound duty rather than a percentage.
In the EU Combined Nomenclature all 7 lines under subheading 2206.00 carry a specific or compound duty rather than a percentage.
167 countries pay no duty in the UK thanks to trade agreements and preference schemes such as DCTS Comprehensive and European Union, against a standard rate of .
In the UK, additional duty of 35% applies on top of the customs duty to goods from Belarus and Russia.
Imports of cider, perry, mead and sake into the UK came to £193.9m between September 2025 and August 2026 (down 8% on the year before); Sweden supplied 39%, followed by Ireland.
In 2024, countries exported cider, perry, mead and sake worth US$1.9bn (+3.9% year on year).
The largest exporter was Japan (US$305.4m), followed by Canada.
Legal notes
Additional notes
1. Subheading 22021000 covers waters, including mineral waters and aerated waters, containing added sugar or other sweetening matter or flavoured, providing they are for direct consumption as a beverage.
2. For the purposes of headings 2204 and 2205 and subheading 22060010:
(a) ‘actual alcoholic strength by volume’ means the number of volumes of pure alcohol contained at a temperature of 20 °C in 100 volumes of the product at that temperature;
(b) ‘potential alcoholic strength by volume’ means the number of volumes of pure alcohol at a temperature of 20 °C capable of being produced by total fermentation of the sugars contained in 100 volumes of the product at that temperature;
(c) ‘total alcoholic strength by volume’ means the sum of the actual and potential alcoholic strengths;
(d) ‘natural alcoholic strength by volume’ means the total alcoholic strength by volume of a product before any enrichment;
(e) ‘% vol’ is the symbol for alcoholic strength by volume.
3. For the purposes of subheading 22043010, ‘grape must in fermentation’ means the product derived from the fermentation of grape must, having an actual alcoholic strength by volume of more than 1 % vol and less than three-fifths of its total alcoholic strength by volume.
4. For the purposes of subheadings 220421, 220422 and 220429:
A. ‘total dry extract’ means the content in grams per litre of all the substances in a product which, under given physical conditions, do not volatilise.
The total dry extract must be determined with the densimeter at 20 °C;
B.
(a) the presence in the products of subheadings 22042111 to 22042198, 22042222 to 22042298 and 22042922 to 22042998 of the quantities of total dry extract per litre indicated in 1, 2, 3 and 4 below does not affect their classification:
1. products of an actual alcoholic strength by volume of not more than 13 % vol: 90 g or less of total extract per litre;
2. products of an actual alcoholic strength by volume of more than 13 % vol but not more than 15 % vol: 130 g or less of total dry extract per litre;
3. products of an actual alcoholic strength by volume of more than 15 % vol but not more than 18 % vol: 130 g or less of total dry extract per litre;
4. products of an actual alcoholic strength by volume of more than 18 % vol but not more than 22 % vol: 330 g or less of total dry extract per litre.
Products with a total dry extract exceeding the maximum quantity shown above in each category are to be classified in the next following category, except that if the total dry extract exceeds 330 g/l the products are to be classified in subheadings 22042198, 22042298 and 22042998;
(b) the above rules do not apply to products of subheadings 22042123 and 22042233.
5. Subheadings 22042111 to 22042198, 22042222 to 22042298 and 22042922 to 22042998 shall be taken to include:
(a) grape must with fermentation arrested by the addition of alcohol, that is to say, a product:
having an actual alcoholic strength by volume of not less than 12 % vol but less than 15 % vol, and
obtained by the addition to unfermented grape must having a natural alcoholic strength by volume of not less than 8,5 % vol of a product derived from the distillation of wine;
(b) wine fortified for distillation, that is to say, a product:
having an actual alcoholic strength by volume of not less than 18 % vol but not more than 24 % vol,
obtained exclusively by the addition to wine containing no residual sugar of an unrectified product derived from the distillation of wine and having a maximum actual alcoholic strength by volume of 86 % vol, and
having a maximum volatile acidity of 1,5 g/l, expressed as acetic acid;
(c) liqueur wine, that is to say, a product:
having a total alcoholic strength by volume of not less than 17,5 % vol and an actual alcoholic strength by volume of not less than 15 % vol but not more than 22 % vol, and
obtained from grape must or wine, which must come from vine varieties approved in the third country of origin for the production of liqueur wine and have a minimum natural alcoholic strength by volume of 12 % vol,
by freezing, or
by the addition during or after fermentation:
of a product derived from the distillation of wine, or
of concentrated grape must or, in the case of certain liqueur wines with a designation of origin or with a geographical indication appearing on the list set out in Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 2019/934 (OJ L 149, 7.6.2019, p. 1) and for which such practice is traditional, of grape must concentrated by direct heat, which, apart from this operation, corresponds to the definition of concentrated grape must, or
of a mixture of these products.
However, certain liqueur wines with a designation of origin or with a geographical indication appearing on the list set out in Delegated Regulation (EU) No 2019/934 may be obtained from unfermented fresh grape must which does not need to have a minimum natural alcoholic strength by volume of 12 % vol.
6. For the purposes of subheadings 220410, 220421, 220422 and 220429:
(a) ‘wines with a protected designation of origin (PDO)’ and ‘wines with a protected geographical indication (PGI)’ are wines which comply with the provisions of Articles 93 to 108 of Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 347, 20.12.2013, p. 671) and the provisions adopted in implementation of the aforesaid Regulation and defined in national regulations;
(b) ‘varietal wines’ are wines which comply with the provisions of Article 120 of Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council and the provisions adopted in implementation of the aforesaid Regulation and defined in national regulations;
(c) ‘wines produced in the European Union’ are wines which comply with the provisions of Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Article 45 of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 2019/33 supplementing Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council.
7. For the purposes of subheadings 22043092 and 22043096, ‘concentrated grape must’ means grape must for which the figure indicated by a refractometer (used in accordance with the method prescribed in the ‘Compendium of International Methods of Analysis of Wines and Musts’ of the International Organisation of Vine and Wine, as published in the ‘C’ series of the Official Journal) at a temperature of 20 °C is not less than 50,9 %.
8. Only vermouth and other wine of fresh grapes flavoured with plants or aromatic substances having an actual alcoholic strength by volume of not less than 7 % vol shall be regarded as products of heading 2205.
9. For the purposes of subheading 22060010, the expression ‘piquette’ means the product obtained by the fermentation of untreated grape marc macerated in water or by the extraction of fermented grape marc with water.
10. For the purposes of subheadings 22060031 and 22060039, the following are regarded as ‘sparkling’:
fermented beverages in bottles with ‘mushroom’ stoppers held in place by ties or fastenings,
fermented beverages otherwise put up, with an excess pressure of 3 bar or more, measured at a temperature of 20 °C.
11. For the purposes of subheadings 22090011 and 22090019, the expression ‘wine vinegar’ means vinegar obtained exclusively by acetous fermentation of wine and having a total acidity of not less than 60 g/l, expressed as acetic acid.
12. Subheading 220720 covers mixtures of ethyl alcohol used as raw material to produce fuels for motor vehicles, of an alcoholic strength by volume of 50 % or higher and denatured with one or more of the following substances:
(a) automotive petrol (conforming to EN 228);
(b) tert-butyl ethyl ether (ethyl tert-butylether, ETBE);
(c) methyl tert-butylether (MTBE);
(d) 2-methylpropan-2-ol (tert-butyl alcohol, tertiary butyl alcohol, TBA);
(e) 2-methylpropan-1-ol (2-methyl-1-propanol, isobutanol);
(f) propan-2-ol (isopropyl alcohol, 2-propanol, isopropanol).
The denaturants referred to in points (e) and (f) of the first paragraph must be used in combination with at least one of the denaturants listed in points (a) to (d) of the first paragraph.
13. For the purposes of subheadings 22029911 and 22029915, the protein content shall be determined by multiplying the total nitrogen content, calculated using the method laid down in points 2 to 8 of part C of Annex III to Commission Regulation (EC) No 152/2009, by the factor of 6,25.
Products classified here
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for other fermented beverages (for example, cider, perry, mead, saké); mixtures of fermented beverages and mixtures of fermented beverages and non-alcoholic beverages, not elsewhere specified or included?
Other fermented beverages (for example, cider, perry, mead, saké); mixtures of fermented beverages and mixtures of fermented beverages and non-alcoholic beverages, not elsewhere specified or included fall under HS subheading 2206.00, part of heading 2206, in section IV of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on other fermented beverages in the EU?
Under the Turkish Customs Tariff Schedule, imports under 2206.00 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 70%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most other fermented beverages?
Japan, with US$305.4m in 2024 (15.9% of world exports).
Which countries can export cider, perry, mead and sake to the UK duty-free?
167 countries pay no duty under a trade agreement or preference scheme, among them partners under DCTS Comprehensive, European Union, DCTS Enhanced. The goods must meet the agreement’s rules of origin and the importer needs proof of origin; otherwise the standard rate of applies. Pick a country above to see its rate.
Is there anti-dumping duty on cider, perry, mead and sake?
The UK charges additional duty of 35% on goods from Belarus and Russia. Lower rates apply to the named exporters listed in the measure.
Where does the UK import cider, perry, mead and sake from?
In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were Sweden (39%), Ireland (35%) and Jamaica (9%), out of total imports of £193.9m.
Typical products
Everyday names, not part of the legal text.