Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.
Import requirements 6
Prohibition or restrictionImport prohibition
Applies to goods from
North Korea
Legal act
Regulation 0285/18
Import controlImport control of fluorinated greenhouse gases
Applies to goods from
all countries
Legal act
Regulation 0573/24
Documents
Y152 Exemption from import prohibition, granted for repair or servicing of existing equipment, according to the second paragraph of Article 11.1 of Regulation (EU) 2024/573
Y986 Exemption from import prohibition according to Article 11.1 and 11.2 of Regulation (EU) 2024/573
Y160 Goods other than those falling under the applicable provisions of Regulation (EU) 2024/573
Y169 Products and equipment, including parts (excluding military and repair exemption) listed in Annex IV containing F-gases or relies upon F-gases not subject to prohibition as imposed by Article 11.1. (Reg 2024/573).
Y123 Undertaking registered in the F-Gas Portal according to Article 20 of Regulation (EU) 2024/573
C057 Copy of the declaration of conformity - Option A, as referred to in Article 1.2 and in the Annex of Regulation (EU) 2025/2155
C079 Copy of the declaration of conformity - Option B, as referred to in Article 1.2 and in the Annex of Regulation (EU) 2025/2155
C082 Copy of the declaration of conformity - Option C, as referred to in Article 1.2 and in the Annex of Regulation (EU) 2025/2155
Y120 Undertaking importing less than 10 tonnes of CO₂ equivalent of hydrofluorocarbons, per year, contained in equipment or products, exempted from the provisions of Article 19 of Regulation (EU) 2024/573 (Article 19.6 of Regulation (EU) 2024/573)
Y179 Quota provisions from Article 19 (Reg 2024/573) do not apply for products or equipment pre-charged with fluorinated greenhouse gases other than HFCs from Section 1 of Annex I (Reg 2024/573)
Y054 Goods labelled according to the provisions of Article 12 of Regulation (EU) 2024/573
Y163 Net mass of fluorinated greenhouse gases charged in products and equipment
Y121 Tonnes of CO₂ equivalent of bulk gases and of gases contained in products or equipment, and parts thereof
Import control
Applies to goods from
Belarus
Legal act
Regulation 0765/06
Documents
Y759 Goods other than those described in the Common Military List of the European Union
Y757 The prohibitions defined in article 1aa.1 of Council Regulation (EC) No 765/2006 do not apply (see exemptions in article 1aa.2a)
Y758 The prohibitions defined in article 1aa paragraph 1 of Council Regulation (EC) No 765/2006 do not apply (see contractual exemptions in article 1aa paragraph 2b)
Import controlImport/export restriction - Common Military List (CML) goods
Applies to goods from
Russia
Legal act
Regulation 0833/14
Documents
Y759 Goods other than those described in the Common Military List of the European Union
Y692 The prohibitions defined in article 4 paragraph 1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014 do not apply (see exemptions in article 4 paragraph 2)
Import control
Applies to goods from
Ukraine
Legal act
Regulation 0692/14
Documents
Y997 Goods not originating from or destined to Crimea or Sevastopol (Articles 2 and 2b.1 of Council Regulation (EU) No 692/2014)
N864 Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document
Y984 Goods not originating from or not destined for the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia
N864 Invoice declaration or origin declaration made out by any exporter on invoice or any other commercial document
Export measures 16
Prohibitions, licences, controls and sanctions that apply when these goods leave the EU.
Export measures
Destination
Legal act
Validity
Export prohibitionSanctions regime: North Korea
North Korea
Regulation 0285/18
28 February 2018
Export controlSanctions regime: Belarus
Belarus
Regulation 0765/06
1 July 2024
Export controlSanctions regime: Crimea and Sevastopol
Ukraine
Regulation 0692/14
25 February 2025
Export controlSanctions regime: Russia
Russia
Regulation 0833/14
26 June 2024
Export control on restricted goods and technologiesSanctions regime: Belarus
Belarus
Regulation 0765/06
25 June 2021
Export control on restricted goods and technologiesSanctions regime: Myanmar/Burma
Myanmar (Burma)
Regulation 0401/13
1 July 2023
Export control on restricted goods and technologiesSanctions regime: Iran (human rights)
Iran
Regulation 0264/12
9 February 2016
Export control on restricted goods and technologiesSanctions regime: Syria
Syria
Regulation 0036/12
13 March 2012
Export control on restricted goods and technologiesSanctions regime: Venezuela
Venezuela
Regulation 2063/17
14 November 2017
Export control on restricted goods and technologiesSanctions regime: Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe
Regulation 0284/17
19 February 2017
Export control on restricted goods and technologiesSanctions regime: Libya
Libya
Regulation 0044/16
20 January 2016
Export controlSanctions regime: Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe
Regulation 0384/26
19 February 2026
Export controlSanctions regime: Belarus
Belarus
Regulation 0765/06
20 July 2025
Import/export restriction - Common Military List (CML) goodsSanctions regime: Russia
Russia
Regulation 0833/14
20 July 2025
Export controlSanctions regime: Non-government-controlled areas of Ukraine
Ukraine
Regulation 0263/22
25 August 2022
Export control of fluorinated greenhouse gases
All third countries
Regulation 0573/24
12 March 2025
TARIC data as of 25 October 2026
Import VAT in the EU member states
The rate each member state applies to goods of this code, from the Commission’s Taxes in Europe Database. A reduced rate can cover only part of the goods under a code: check the national VAT law.
Austria20%
Belgium21%
Bulgaria20%
Croatia25%
Cyprus3% / 5% reduced rate
Czechia21%
Denmark25%
Estonia24%
Finland25.5%
France20%
Germany19%
Greece24%
Hungary27%
Ireland23%
Italy22%
Latvia21%
Lithuania21%
Luxembourg17%
Malta18%
Netherlands21%
Poland23%
Portugal23%
Romania21%
Slovakia23%
Slovenia22%
Spain21%
Sweden25%
TEDB · 25 October 2026
EU: imports by month · HS 8429.52
last 12 months€5.2bn+30.8% · previous 12 months
Average import price€5.97 per kg
Preferential rate0%
Data up to August 2026 (provisional) · Monthly data: Eurostat Comext (CC BY 4.0), HMRC (OGL v3.0)
Decisions of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CROSS) and HMRC (Advance Tariff Rulings) on goods classified here. A ruling binds only its holder, but shows how the authorities classify similar goods. The descriptions are the authorities’ own, in English.
The European Commission's explanatory notes on how to classify goods in these CN codes. They are not legally binding but customs authorities follow them; they complement the HS Explanatory Notes of the World Customs Organization.
8427 and 8429 · Fork-lift trucks; other works trucks fitted with lifting or handling equipment:
These headings include, self-propelled, wheeled machines, equipped with a telescopic front boom – designed to accommodate various interchangeable tools (such as forks, pallet forks, arms, pliers, shovels) – making them potentially classifiable in headings 8427 or 8429.
Depending on their configuration at the time of the presentation, their classification is determined according to the following principles:
(1) machines presented with a specific interchangeable tool, are classified under the heading corresponding to the function of the machine equipped with that tool. For example, if the machine is presented with a fork-lift, it should be classified under heading 8427. (See also the HS Classification opinion 842720/1.),
(2) machines presented with several interchangeable tools that enable them to perform functions falling under the scope of headings 8427 and 8429, are classified in accordance with Note 3 to Section XVI or by application of General Interpretative Rule 3 (c). (See also the (HSEN) to heading 8426, SELF-PROPELLED AND OTHER “MOBILE” MACHINES (b) (1)),
(3) the same machines presented without any interchangeable tools as mentioned above are classified by application of General Interpretative Rule 3 (c) under heading 8429.
General notes to the chapter
NUCLEAR REACTORS, BOILERS, MACHINERY AND MECHANICAL APPLIANCES; PARTS THEREOF
General
For the purposes of subheadings 8407 34 10, 8407 90 50 and 8408 20 10, ‘for the industrial assembly’ applies only to the series-assembly of new vehicles in factories which manufacture or assemble motor vehicles (including subcontractors).
These subheadings can be applied only to engines actually used in the production of new vehicles of the kinds referred to in the subheadings. Consequently, they do not cover similar engines used as spare parts.
The Combined Nomenclature of each year, as published in the Official Journal: description, third-country duty and supplementary unit.
Year
Description
Third-country duty
Supplementary unit
2026
Other
Free
p/st
2025
unchanged
Free
p/st
2024
unchanged
Free
p/st
2023
unchanged
Free
p/st
2022
unchanged
Free
p/st
2021
unchanged
Free
p/st
2020
unchanged
Free
p/st
2019
Other
Free
p/st
In the EU Combined Nomenclature, 8429 52 90 is one of 2 lines under subheading 8429.52, machinery with a 360° revolving superstructure.
The third-country duty is free, and quantities are declared in p/st.
In the 12 months to August 2026, the EU imported excavators (360° revolving) (HS 8429.52) worth €5.2bn (up 31% on the year before), at an average of €5.97 per kg; China supplied 39%, followed by Japan.
For the same subheading, the UK duty is free, the Türkiye duty is free, the US duty is free, the Canada duty is free, the Mexico duty is free, the Brazil duty is 7.2%–20%, the Argentina duty is 0%–14%, the Peru duty is free, the New Zealand duty is 5%, the Japan duty is free, the Taiwan duty is free, the GCC duty is 5%, the Switzerland duty is free, the Norway duty is free, the North Macedonia duty is free and the Nigeria duty is 5%.
EU member states imported goods of subheading 8429.52 worth US$8bn in 2024; the largest supplier from outside the EU was Japan, and the United Kingdom ranked 3rd with US$631m.
Questions and answers
What is the EU import duty for CN code 8429 52 90?
The third-country duty in the EU Combined Nomenclature is free; the supplementary unit is p/st. Preferential rates for goods from agreement countries, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Where does the EU import these goods from?
For subheading 8429.52 as a whole, the largest supplier from outside the EU in 2024 was Japan (US$1bn), followed by China.
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EU Combined Nomenclature · CN code · 
China
Japan
South Korea
United Kingdom
India
Türkiye
Norway
Switzerland
USA
Canada
Mexico
Brazil
Argentina
Peru
New Zealand
Taiwan
GCC
North Macedonia
Nigeria