Subheading · Chapter 72 · Heading 7203

7203.10

7203.10: Ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore

Direct reduced iron (DRI)

7203.10 is the HS subheading for direct reduced iron (DRI), under heading 7203 in chapter 72.

What you pay

Importing into UK

Customs duty Free standard rate depends on the country of origin
Additional duties and charges 1 additional measure Import requirements: 3
VAT 20.00 % import VAT
Duty calculatorCalculate duty and taxes →

Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff

UK lines →
  1. 7203 10 00 00 Ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore Free

Additional duties and import rules

Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.

Additional duties and charges 1

  • Additional dutyAdditional duties 35%
    Applies to goods from
    Belarus, Russia
    Legal act
    2022 No. 376
    Documents
    • 9008

Import requirements 3

  • Prohibition or restrictionImport prohibition
    Applies to goods from
    North Korea
    Legal act
    S.I. 2019/411
  • Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
    Applies to goods from
    Belarus, Russia, Syria, Ukraine
    Legal act
    2022 No. 748, S.I. 2019/855, S.I. 2019/792, S.I. 2022/395
    Documents
    • 9024
    • 9011
    • 9022
    • 9064
    • 9009
    • 9010
    • 9017
  • Import controlImport control on restricted goods and technologies
    Applies to goods from
    Iran, Libya, Russia
    Legal act
    S.I. 2019/461, 2020 No. 1665, S.I. 2019/855
    Documents
    • Y966 Goods other than those described in the MG footnotes linked to the measure (Missile Technology Control Regime list - Annex III of Reg. (EU) 267/2012)
    • Y920 Goods other than those described in the footnotes linked to the measure

Preferential rates by country

Agreement or schemeCountriesRate
standard rate (no agreement)—Free
DCTS Comprehensive
Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 37 more

Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia

Free
European Union (including code " EU")
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia and 23 more

Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden

Free
CARIFORUM
Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 more

Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago

Free
OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories)
Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 more

Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands

Free
Central America Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama Free
SADC EPA Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia Free
Eastern and Southern Africa States Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe Free
CPTPP Brunei, Malaysia Free
UK–Andorra agreement Andorra Free
UK–Albania agreement Albania Free
UK–Australia agreement Australia Free
UK–Canada agreement Canada Free
UK–Switzerland agreement Switzerland Free
UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement Côte d’Ivoire Free
UK–Chile agreement Chile Free
UK–Cameroon agreement Cameroon Free
UK–Colombia agreement Colombia Free
UK–Ceuta & Melilla agreement Ceuta & Melilla Free
UK–Ecuador agreement Ecuador Free
UK–Egypt agreement Egypt Free
UK–Fiji agreement Fiji Free
UK–Faroe Islands agreement Faroe Islands Free
UK–Georgia agreement Georgia Free
UK–Ghana agreement Ghana Free
UK–Israel agreement Israel Free
UK–India agreement India Free
UK–Iceland agreement Iceland Free
UK–Jordan agreement Jordan Free
UK–Japan agreement Japan Free
UK–Kenya agreement Kenya Free
UK–South Korea agreement South Korea Free
UK–Lebanon agreement Lebanon Free
UK–Liechtenstein agreement Liechtenstein Free
UK–Morocco agreement Morocco Free
UK–Moldova agreement Moldova Free
UK–North Macedonia agreement North Macedonia Free
UK–Mexico agreement Mexico Free
UK–Norway agreement Norway Free
UK–New Zealand agreement New Zealand Free
UK–Peru agreement Peru Free
UK–Papua New Guinea agreement Papua New Guinea Free
UK–Palestinian Territories agreement Palestinian Territories Free
UK–Serbia agreement Serbia Free
UK–Solomon Islands agreement Solomon Islands Free
UK–Singapore agreement Singapore Free
UK–San Marino agreement San Marino Free
UK–Tunisia agreement Tunisia Free
UK–Türkiye agreement Türkiye Free
UK–Ukraine agreement Ukraine Free
UK–Vietnam agreement Vietnam Free
UK–Samoa agreement Samoa Free
UK–Kosovo agreement Kosovo Free
UK–South Africa agreement South Africa Free

UK: imports by month

last 12 months£86k+84.1% · previous 12 months
Average import price£2.77 per kg
Jan 2024: £4kFeb 2024: £175kMar 2024: £25kApr 2024: £9kJul 2024: £17kAug 2024: £1kSept 2024: £8kNov 2024: £8kDec 2024: £7kFeb 2025: £2kApr 2025: £8kJun 2025: £14kSept 2025: £1kOct 2025: £9kNov 2025: £17kDec 2025: £6kFeb 2026: £5kApr 2026: £3kMay 2026: £13kJul 2026: £9kAug 2026: £23k 2024
Data up to August 2026 (provisional) · Monthly data: Eurostat Comext (CC BY 4.0), HMRC (OGL v3.0)

Main suppliers, last 12 months

CountryValueShareChange
China £32k 36.6% +6.5%
Belgium £19k 21.5% —
Denmark £12k 13.8% —
Norway £12k 13.5% —
India £12k 13.4% —
Ireland £1k 1.2% —
Germany £0 0% -100%
Luxembourg £0 0% -100%

Same subheading in other tariffs

World trade in 2024

7203.10 · US$4bn

Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$624kUS$624k+US$32m+US$228m+> US$667m

Exports: 75
  1. Russia: US$875m
  2. Oman: US$791m
  3. Trinidad & Tobago: US$667m
  4. India: US$456m
  5. United States: US$307m
  6. Sweden: US$238m
  7. Malaysia: US$230m
  8. Libya: US$228m
  9. Venezuela: US$105m
  10. Qatar: US$66m
  11. Belgium: US$62m
  12. Iran: US$57m
  13. Bahrain: US$50m
  14. Poland: US$48m
  15. Algeria: US$40m
  16. United Arab Emirates: US$38m
  17. Brazil: US$33m
  18. China: US$32m
  19. Canada: US$16m
  20. Italy: US$15m
  21. Uganda: US$13m
  22. South Africa: US$11m
  23. Uzbekistan: US$9m
  24. Austria: US$3m
  25. France: US$3m
  26. Kuwait: US$3m
  27. United Kingdom: US$2m
  28. Côte d’Ivoire: US$2m
  29. Netherlands: US$2m
  30. Germany: US$2m
  31. Egypt: US$1m
  32. Czechia: US$1m
  33. Spain: US$1m
  34. Romania: US$1m
  35. Denmark: US$739k
  36. Taiwan: US$624k
  37. South Korea: US$612k
  38. Burkina Faso: US$470k
  39. Bolivia: US$356k
  40. Australia: US$300k
  41. Hungary: US$285k
  42. Bulgaria: US$192k
  43. Finland: US$149k
  44. Portugal: US$139k
  45. Japan: US$124k
  46. Norway: US$91k
  47. Ghana: US$61k
  48. Singapore: US$57k
  49. Georgia: US$47k
  50. Slovenia: US$40k
  51. Slovakia: US$38k
  52. Greece: US$36k
  53. Saudi Arabia: US$22k
  54. Ukraine: US$12k
  55. Thailand: US$6k
  56. Türkiye: US$6k
  57. Tunisia: US$6k
  58. Botswana: US$6k
  59. Luxembourg: US$5k
  60. New Zealand: US$5k

Top exporters

RankCountryValueShare
1 Russia US$875m 19.8%
2 Oman US$791m 17.9%
3 Trinidad & Tobago US$667m 15.1%
4 India US$456m 10.3%
5 United States US$307m 7%
6 Sweden US$238m 5.4%
7 Malaysia US$230m 5.2%
8 Libya US$228m 5.2%
9 Venezuela US$105m 2.4%
10 Qatar US$66m 1.5%

Top importers

RankCountryValueShare
1 Saudi Arabia US$1bn 23.8%
2 United States US$656m 14.9%
3 Türkiye US$346m 7.8%
4 Nepal US$309m 7%
5 Germany US$242m 5.5%
6 Italy US$232m 5.3%
7 India US$186m 4.2%
8 Austria US$136m 3.1%
9 Vietnam US$127m 2.9%
10 Bangladesh US$122m 2.8%

Import duty on this product around the world 164

The most-favoured-nation (MFN) duty each country applies to goods of this HS subheading: the average over its national tariff lines, with the lowest and highest line where they differ. Goods from countries with a trade agreement often pay less.

  • 3.5%median duty
  • 65number of duty-free countries (MFN)
  • 45%highest: Bahamas, Bermuda, Cayman Islands

164

Importing countryMFN dutylines from – todata year
Afghanistan 5% 2018 · HS 2012
Albania 2% 2023
Algeria 15% 2023
Angola 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Anguilla 10% 2021 · HS 2017
Antigua & Barbuda 10% 2021 · HS 2007
Argentina 2% 2023 · HS 2017
Armenia 5% 2023
Aruba 12% 2021 · HS 2012
Australia 0% 2023
Azerbaijan 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Bahamas 45% 2022
Bahrain 5% 2023
Bangladesh 1.7%* 2023 · HS 2017
Barbados 10% 2022 · HS 2017
Belarus 5% 2021 · HS 2017
Belize 10% 2023
Benin 5% 2023
Bermuda 25% 2023
Bhutan 10% 2022
Bolivia 5% 2023 · HS 2017
Bosnia & Herzegovina 0% 2022
Botswana 0% 2023
Brazil 2% 2023 · HS 2017
Brunei 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Burkina Faso 5% 2023
Burundi 0% 2023
Cambodia 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Cameroon 10% 2023
Canada 0% 2023
Cape Verde 5% 2023 · HS 2017
Cayman Islands 22% 2021 · HS 2002
Central African Republic 10% 2023
Chad 10% 2023
Chile 6% 2023 · HS 2017
China 2% 2023
Colombia 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Comoros 20% 2021 · HS 2017
Congo - Brazzaville 10% 2023
Cook Islands 0% 2022 · HS 2017
Costa Rica 0% 2023
Côte d’Ivoire 5% 2023 · HS 2017
Cuba 2% 2023 · HS 2017
Dominica 10% 2023 · HS 2017
Dominican Republic 0% 2023
Ecuador 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Egypt 0% 2019 · HS 2017
El Salvador 0% 2022
Equatorial Guinea 10% 2023
Eswatini 0% 2023
Ethiopia 0% 2021 · HS 2017
European Union (27 countries) 0% 2023
Fiji 5% 2023
French Polynesia 4% 2023
Gabon 10% 2023
Gambia 5% 2023
Georgia 0% 2022 · HS 2017
Ghana 5% 2023
Gibraltar 12% 2023 · HS 2017
Grenada 10% 2023 · HS 2012
Guatemala 0% 2023
Guinea 5% 2023
Guinea-Bissau 5% 2023
Guyana 10% 2023 · HS 2017
Haiti 0% 2020 · HS 2017
Honduras 0% 2023
Hong Kong SAR China 0% 2023
Iceland 0% 2023
India 5% 2023
Indonesia 0% 2023
Iran 5% 2020 · HS 2017
Israel 0% 2022 · HS 2017
Jamaica 10% 2023
Japan 0% 2023
Jordan 0% 2023
Kazakhstan 5% 2023
Kenya 0% 2023
Kiribati 0% 2023 · HS 2002
Kuwait 5% 2023
Kyrgyzstan 5% 2021 · HS 2017
Laos 5% 2023 · HS 2017
Lebanon 0% 2020 · HS 2017
Lesotho 0% 2023
Liberia 5% 2023
Libya 5% 2021 · HS 2017
Liechtenstein 0% 2021 · HS 2017
Macao SAR China 0% 2023
Madagascar 5% 2023
Malawi 10% 2021 · HS 2017
Malaysia 0% 2023
Maldives 5% 2023
Mali 5% 2023
Mauritania 5% 2023 · HS 2017
Mauritius 0% 2023
Mexico 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Micronesia 4% 2021 · HS 2017
Moldova 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Mongolia 5% 2023
Montserrat 10% 2023 · HS 2017
Morocco 2.5% 2023
Mozambique 2.5% 2023
Myanmar (Burma) 3% 2023 · HS 2017
Namibia 0% 2023
Nauru 10% 2021 · HS 2017
Nepal 5% 2023
New Zealand 0% 2023
Nicaragua 0% 2023
Niger 5% 2023
Nigeria 5% 2023
North Macedonia 2% 2023
Norway 0% 2023
Oman 5% 2023
Pakistan 0% 2023
Palestinian Territories 0% 2017 · HS 2017
Panama 0% 2023
Papua New Guinea 0% 2023
Paraguay 2% 2023 · HS 2017
Peru 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Philippines 3% 2023
Qatar 5% 2023
Russia 5% 2021 · HS 2017
Rwanda 0% 2023
Samoa 8% 2020 · HS 2017
São Tomé & Príncipe 10% 2019 · HS 2017
Saudi Arabia 5% 2023
Senegal 5% 2023
Seychelles 0% 2023
Sierra Leone 5% 2023
Singapore 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Solomon Islands 5% 2023 · HS 2017
Somalia 5% 2023 · HS 2017
South Africa 0% 2023
South Korea 0% 2023
Sri Lanka 0% 2023
St Kitts & Nevis 10% 2023
St Lucia 10% 2023 · HS 2012
St Pierre & Miquelon 5% 2021 · HS 2017
St Vincent & the Grenadines 10% 2023
Sudan 3% 2021 · HS 2017
Suriname 10% 2023 · HS 2007
Switzerland 0% 2023
Syria 1% 2020 · HS 2012
Tajikistan 5% 2021 · HS 2012
Tanzania 0% 2023
Thailand 0% 2023
Togo 5% 2023
Tonga 15% 2023 · HS 2017
Trinidad & Tobago 10% 2023 · HS 2012
Türkiye 0% 2023
Tuvalu 0% 2017 · HS 2017
Uganda 0% 2023
Ukraine 5% 2023 · HS 2017
United Arab Emirates 5% 2023
United Kingdom 0% 2023
United States 0% 2023
Uruguay 2% 2023 · HS 2017
Uzbekistan 0% 2021 · HS 2017
Vanuatu 10% 2023
Venezuela 2% 2023 · HS 2017
Vietnam 0% 2023
Wallis & Futuna 6% 2021 · HS 2012
Yemen 5% 2017 · HS 2017
Zambia 0% 2023
Zimbabwe 0.1% 2023

Tariff data years 2017–2023; rates may have changed since. * ad valorem equivalent of specific duties (UNCTAD estimate) · UNCTAD TRAINS, accessed via WITS (World Bank)

Classifications and correspondences

Where this HS subheading sits in the United Nations' statistical classifications, and which codes it had in earlier editions of the Harmonized System.

SITC Rev. 4
67133 Ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore & other spongy ferrous products, in lumps, pellets/similar forms; iron having a minimum purity of 99.94%, in lumps, pellets/similar forms
End use (BEC Rev. 5)
Intermediate goods · BEC 511210
CPC 2.1 product
41116 Ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore and other spongy ferrous products, in lumps, pellets or similar forms; iron having a minimum purity by weight of 99.94%, in lumps, pellets or similar forms
ISIC Rev. 4 activity
2410 Manufacture of basic iron and steel

Earlier HS editions

HSCode
20177203.10unchanged
20127203.10unchanged
20077203.10unchanged
20027203.10unchanged
19967203.10unchanged
19927203.10unchanged

Correspondence tables of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD)

CBAM: carbon border adjustment

Goods of the CBAM sector iron and steel pay for the greenhouse gases emitted in their production when they are imported into the EU. Without verified actual emissions, the importer declares the default values below (tonnes of CO2 equivalent per tonne of goods).

7203 Ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore and other spongy ferrous products, in lumps, pellets or similar forms; iron having a minimum purity by weight of 99,94%, in lumps, pellets or similar forms

Country of productionDirectIndirectTotal
Algeria0.81—0.81
Argentina1.03—1.03
Canada0.76—0.76
India4.2—4.2
Mexico0.58—0.58
Russia2.01—2.01
South Africa0.76—0.76
United States0.45—0.45
Other countries (default)1.33—1.33

with the mark-up for 2026: 1.458 · with the mark-up for 2027: 1.59 · with the mark-up for 2028: 1.722

t CO2e per t of goods · definitive period since 1 January 2026; first annual declaration due 30 September 2027 · Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/2621 as corrected by 2026/1740 (European Commission data, not legally binding)

Recent rule changes mentioning this code

Acts whose text cites this code or its heading. Check the act itself: a code can be cited for reasons other than a change of its duty.

  1. GB Tariff change

    UK Trade Tariff: measure changes on 1015 commodity codes

    Trade Tariff changes 2026-09-29 · Source: trade-tariff.service.gov.uk

  2. GB Sanctions · Applies from:

    The Iran (Sanctions) (Amendment) Regulations 2026

    S.I. 2026/983 · Source: legislation.gov.uk

  3. US Import and export controls

    Notice of Action: Brazil's Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Digital Trade and Electronic Payment Services; Unfair, Preferential Tariffs; Anti-Corruption Enforcement; Intellectual Property Protection; Ethanol Market Access; and Illegal Deforestation

    FR Doc. 2026-14542 · 91 FR 45516 · Source: federalregister.gov

  4. US Tariff change

    Notice of Determination and Request for Comments Concerning Action Pursuant to Section 301: Brazil's Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Digital Trade and Electronic Payment Services; Unfair, Preferential Tariffs; Anti-Corruption Enforcement; Intellectual Property Protection; Ethanol Market Access; and Illegal Deforestation

    FR Doc. 2026-11158 · 91 FR 33854 · Source: federalregister.gov

  5. EU Sanctions · Applies from:

    Council Regulation (EU) 2026/759 of 30 March 2026 amending Regulation (EU) No 267/2012 concerning restrictive measures against Iran and repealing Regulation (EU) No 961/2010

    CELEX 32026R0759 · Source: eur-lex.europa.eu

Rule changes →

Subheading 7203.10 is a single line in the UK Global Tariff, where the duty is duty-free.

The EU Combined Nomenclature has one tariff line for subheading 7203.10; the duty is duty-free.

Goods from 156 countries can enter the UK at a preferential rate instead of the standard Free; 156 of them pay no duty at all, for example under DCTS Comprehensive or European Union.

In the UK, additional duty of 35% applies on top of the customs duty to goods from Belarus and Russia.

In the 12 months to August 2026, the UK imported direct reduced iron (DRI) worth £86.2k (up 84% on the year before), at an average of £2.77 per kg; China supplied 37%, followed by Belgium.

World trade in direct reduced iron (DRI) reached US$4bn in 2024, down 9.2% on 2023.

Russia was the largest exporter with 19.8% of the total, ahead of Oman.

Questions and answers

What is the HS code for ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore?

Ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore fall under HS subheading 7203.10, part of heading 7203, in section XV of the Harmonized System.

What is the import duty on ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of… in the UK?

Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 7203.10 from countries without a preferential agreement are free of duty. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.

What is the import duty on ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of… in the EU?

Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 7203.10 from countries without a preferential agreement are free of duty. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.

Which country exports the most ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of…?

Russia, with US$875m in 2024 (19.8% of world exports).

Which countries can export direct reduced iron (DRI) to the UK duty-free?

156 countries pay no duty under a trade agreement or preference scheme, among them partners under DCTS Comprehensive, European Union, CARIFORUM. The goods must meet the agreement’s rules of origin and the importer needs proof of origin; otherwise the standard rate of Free applies. Pick a country above to see its rate.

Is there anti-dumping duty on direct reduced iron (DRI)?

The UK charges additional duty of 35% on goods from Belarus and Russia. Lower rates apply to the named exporters listed in the measure.

Where does the UK import direct reduced iron (DRI) from?

In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were China (37%), Belgium (22%) and Denmark (14%), out of total imports of £86.2k.

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