Subheading · Chapter 84 · Heading 8447
8447.20: Flat knitting machines; stitch-bonding machines
8447.20 is a six-digit subheading of heading 8447, knitting machines, stitch-bonding machines and machines for making gimped yarn…, chapter 84.
What you pay
Importing into UK
Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff
UK lines →- 8447 20 00 00 Flat knitting machines; stitch-bonding machines p/st
- 8447 20 20 00 Warp knitting machines (including raschel type); stitch-bonding machines Freep/st
- 8447 20 80 00 Other Freep/st
Additional duties and import rules
Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.
Additional duties and charges 1
- Additional dutyAdditional duties 35%
- Applies to goods from
- Belarus, Russia
- Legal act
- 2022 No. 376
- Documents
- 9008
Import requirements 3
- Prohibition or restrictionImport prohibition
- Applies to goods from
- North Korea
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/411
- Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
- Applies to goods from
- Ukraine
- Legal act
- S.I. 2022/395
- Documents
- 9009
- 9010
- 9017
- Import controlImport control on restricted goods and technologies
- Applies to goods from
- Iran, North Korea
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/461, S.I. 2019/411
- Documents
- Tariff lines
- on 1 of 2 lines
Preferential rates by country
| Agreement or scheme | Countries | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| standard rate (no agreement) | — | Free |
| DCTS Comprehensive | Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 38 moreAfghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia | Free |
| European Union (including code "EU") | Free | |
| DCTS Enhanced | Algeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville and 13 moreAlgeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville, Cook Islands, Kyrgyzstan, Micronesia, Mongolia, Nigeria, Niue, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu | Free |
| CARIFORUM | Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 moreAntigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago | Free |
| OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories) | Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 moreAnguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands | Free |
| Central America | Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama | Free |
| SADC EPA | Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia | Free |
| Eastern and Southern Africa States | Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe | Free |
| CPTPP | Brunei, Malaysia | Free |
| UK–Andorra agreement | Andorra | Free |
| UK–Albania agreement | Albania | Free |
| UK–Australia agreement | Australia | Free |
| UK–Canada agreement | Canada | Free |
| UK–Switzerland agreement | Switzerland | Free |
| UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement | Côte d’Ivoire | Free |
| UK–Chile agreement | Chile | Free |
| UK–Cameroon agreement | Cameroon | Free |
| UK–Colombia agreement | Colombia | Free |
| UK–Ceuta & Melilla agreement | Ceuta & Melilla | Free |
| UK–Ecuador agreement | Ecuador | Free |
| UK–Egypt agreement | Egypt | Free |
| UK–Fiji agreement | Fiji | Free |
| UK–Faroe Islands agreement | Faroe Islands | Free |
| UK–Georgia agreement | Georgia | Free |
| UK–Ghana agreement | Ghana | Free |
| DCTS Standard | Indonesia | Free |
| UK–Israel agreement | Israel | Free |
| UK–India agreement | India | Free |
| UK–Iceland agreement | Iceland | Free |
| UK–Jordan agreement | Jordan | Free |
| UK–Japan agreement | Japan | Free |
| UK–Kenya agreement | Kenya | Free |
| UK–South Korea agreement | South Korea | Free |
| UK–Lebanon agreement | Lebanon | Free |
| UK–Liechtenstein agreement | Liechtenstein | Free |
| UK–Morocco agreement | Morocco | Free |
| UK–Moldova agreement | Moldova | Free |
| UK–North Macedonia agreement | North Macedonia | Free |
| UK–Mexico agreement | Mexico | Free |
| UK–Norway agreement | Norway | Free |
| UK–New Zealand agreement | New Zealand | Free |
| UK–Peru agreement | Peru | Free |
| UK–Papua New Guinea agreement | Papua New Guinea | Free |
| UK–Palestinian Territories agreement | Palestinian Territories | Free |
| UK–Serbia agreement | Serbia | Free |
| UK–Solomon Islands agreement | Solomon Islands | Free |
| UK–Singapore agreement | Singapore | Free |
| UK–San Marino agreement | San Marino | Free |
| UK–Tunisia agreement | Tunisia | Free |
| UK–Türkiye agreement | Türkiye | Free |
| UK–Ukraine agreement | Ukraine | Free |
| UK–Vietnam agreement | Vietnam | Free |
| UK–Samoa agreement | Samoa | Free |
| UK–Kosovo agreement | Kosovo | Free |
| UK–South Africa agreement | South Africa | Free |
UK: imports by month
Main suppliers, last 12 months
| Country | Value | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
 China | £849k | 33.4% | +59.8% |
 Germany | £661k | 26% | -44.9% |
 Japan | £656k | 25.8% | +9.2% |
 Spain | £338k | 13.3% | -4.4% |
 Belgium | £22k | 0.9% | — |
 Italy | £7k | 0.3% | +522.7% |
 Taiwan | £5k | 0.2% | -44.3% |
 Netherlands | £3k | 0.1% | — |
Same subheading in other tariffs
EU 1.7% Third-country duty 2 tariff lines 
Türkiye 1.7% Third-country duty 5 tariff lines 
USA Free – 2.6% General (MFN) 4 tariff lines · average 0.7% 
Canada Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Mexico Free General (MFN) 2 tariff lines 
Brazil 7.2% – 20% General (MFN) 4 tariff lines · average 16.3% 
Argentina Free – 20% General (MFN) 4 tariff lines · average 11.3% 
Peru Free – 11% General (MFN) 3 tariff lines · average 3.7% 
New Zealand Free General (MFN) 3 tariff lines Japan Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line Taiwan 3% General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
GCC 5% General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Switzerland Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Norway Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
North Macedonia Free General (MFN) 2 tariff lines 
Nigeria 5% General (MFN) 1 tariff line World trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$54kUS$54k+US$611k+US$3m+> US$80m
Exports: 76
- China: US$301m
- Japan: US$139m
- Germany: US$80m
- Taiwan: US$16m
- Türkiye: US$13m
- Italy: US$8m
- South Korea: US$4m
- United States: US$3m
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$3m
- Spain: US$3m
- Switzerland: US$2m
- Netherlands: US$2m
- France: US$2m
- Armenia: US$1m
- India: US$1m
- United Kingdom: US$927k
- Czechia: US$922k
- Poland: US$619k
- South Africa: US$611k
- Portugal: US$582k
- Belgium: US$457k
- Bulgaria: US$277k
- Israel: US$271k
- Austria: US$255k
- Honduras: US$254k
- Romania: US$221k
- Thailand: US$217k
- Canada: US$195k
- Myanmar (Burma): US$138k
- Morocco: US$115k
- Indonesia: US$112k
- Uzbekistan: US$111k
- Cambodia: US$108k
- Kenya: US$84k
- Russia: US$70k
- Belarus: US$65k
- Lithuania: US$58k
- Peru: US$54k
- Vietnam: US$42k
- Philippines: US$35k
- Greece: US$31k
- Norway: US$30k
- Brazil: US$28k
- Tunisia: US$28k
- Denmark: US$23k
- Iceland: US$22k
- New Zealand: US$21k
- Malaysia: US$16k
- Latvia: US$15k
- Mexico: US$14k
- North Macedonia: US$13k
- Kazakhstan: US$12k
- United Arab Emirates: US$11k
- Egypt: US$10k
- Moldova: US$10k
- Hungary: US$9k
- Pakistan: US$9k
- Dominican Republic: US$7k
- Saudi Arabia: US$6k
- Eswatini: US$3k
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$502kUS$502k+US$2m+US$8m+> US$35m
Imports: 142
- Bangladesh: US$90m
- Vietnam: US$75m
- India: US$53m
- Türkiye: US$42m
- China: US$35m
- Italy: US$32m
- Cambodia: US$25m
- Brazil: US$19m
- Indonesia: US$18m
- Russia: US$13m
- Spain: US$13m
- Egypt: US$13m
- Mexico: US$11m
- South Korea: US$10m
- Nigeria: US$8m
- United States: US$8m
- Germany: US$8m
- France: US$7m
- Morocco: US$6m
- Bulgaria: US$5m
- Uzbekistan: US$5m
- Thailand: US$5m
- Colombia: US$5m
- Pakistan: US$5m
- Sri Lanka: US$4m
- Portugal: US$4m
- Peru: US$4m
- Poland: US$3m
- Japan: US$3m
- United Arab Emirates: US$2m
- United Kingdom: US$2m
- Iran: US$2m
- Ethiopia: US$2m
- Madagascar: US$2m
- Algeria: US$2m
- Argentina: US$2m
- Greece: US$2m
- Kenya: US$2m
- Romania: US$2m
- New Zealand: US$1m
- Slovakia: US$1m
- Tunisia: US$1m
- South Africa: US$1m
- Czechia: US$1m
- Guatemala: US$1m
- Chile: US$1m
- Belarus: US$1m
- Tanzania: US$1m
- Laos: US$992k
- Mongolia: US$973k
- Honduras: US$944k
- Netherlands: US$937k
- Philippines: US$930k
- Zimbabwe: US$808k
- Sweden: US$806k
- Taiwan: US$776k
- Canada: US$775k
- Benin: US$756k
- Saudi Arabia: US$756k
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$736k
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | US$301m | 51.5% |
| 2 | Japan | US$139m | 23.7% |
| 3 | Germany | US$80m | 13.6% |
| 4 | Taiwan | US$16m | 2.7% |
| 5 | Türkiye | US$13m | 2.3% |
| 6 | Italy | US$8m | 1.3% |
| 7 |  South Korea | US$4m | 0.7% |
| 8 | United States | US$3m | 0.6% |
| 9 |  Hong Kong SAR China | US$3m | 0.5% |
| 10 | Spain | US$3m | 0.5% |
Import duty on this product around the world 165
The most-favoured-nation (MFN) duty each country applies to goods of this HS subheading: the average over its national tariff lines, with the lowest and highest line where they differ. Goods from countries with a trade agreement often pay less.
- 3%median duty
- 72number of duty-free countries (MFN)
- 45%highest: Bahamas, Bermuda, Cayman Islands
165
| Importing country | MFN duty | lines from – to | data year |
|---|---|---|---|
 Afghanistan | 2.5% | 2018 · HS 2012 | |
 Albania | 0% | 2023 | |
 Algeria | 5% | 2023 | |
 Angola | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Anguilla | 20% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Antigua & Barbuda | 5% | 2021 · HS 2007 | |
| Argentina | 6% | 0% – 20% | 2023 · HS 2017 |
 Armenia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Aruba | 12% | 2021 · HS 2012 | |
 Australia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Azerbaijan | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Bahamas | 45% | 2022 | |
 Bahrain | 5% | 2023 | |
 Bangladesh | 1% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Barbados | 5% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Belarus | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Belize | 5% | 2023 | |
 Benin | 5% | 2023 | |
 Bermuda | 25% | 2023 | |
 Bhutan | 10% | 2022 | |
 Bolivia | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Bosnia & Herzegovina | 5% | 2022 | |
 Botswana | 0% | 2023 | |
| Brazil | 12% | 0% – 20% | 2023 · HS 2017 |
 Brunei | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Burkina Faso | 5% | 2023 | |
 Burundi | 0% | 2023 | |
 Cambodia | 15% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Cameroon | 10% | 2023 | |
| Canada | 0% | 2023 | |
 Cape Verde | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Cayman Islands | 22% | 2021 · HS 2002 | |
 Central African Republic | 10% | 2023 | |
 Chad | 10% | 2023 | |
 Chile | 6% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
| China | 8% | 2023 | |
 Colombia | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Comoros | 20% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Congo - Brazzaville | 10% | 2023 | |
 Cook Islands | 0% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Costa Rica | 0% | 2023 | |
 Côte d’Ivoire | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Cuba | 4% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Dominica | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Dominican Republic | 0% | 2023 | |
 Ecuador | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Egypt | 0% | 2019 · HS 2017 | |
 El Salvador | 0% | 2022 | |
 Equatorial Guinea | 10% | 2023 | |
 Eswatini | 0% | 2023 | |
 Ethiopia | 7.5% | 5% – 10% | 2021 · HS 2017 |
| European Union (27 countries) | 1.7% | 2023 | |
 Fiji | 0% | 2023 | |
 French Polynesia | 10% | 2023 | |
 Gabon | 10% | 2023 | |
 Gambia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Georgia | 0% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Ghana | 5% | 2023 | |
 Gibraltar | 12% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Grenada | 5% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
 Guatemala | 0% | 2023 | |
 Guinea | 5% | 2023 | |
 Guinea-Bissau | 5% | 2023 | |
 Guyana | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Haiti | 0% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 Honduras | 0% | 2023 | |
| Hong Kong SAR China | 0% | 2023 | |
 Iceland | 0% | 2023 | |
 India | 5% | 2023 | |
 Indonesia | 2.5% | 0% – 5% | 2023 |
 Iran | 5% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 Israel | 0% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Jamaica | 0% | 2023 | |
| Japan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Jordan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Kazakhstan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Kenya | 0% | 2023 | |
 Kiribati | 0% | 2023 · HS 2002 | |
 Kuwait | 5% | 2023 | |
 Kyrgyzstan | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Laos | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Lebanon | 0% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 Lesotho | 0% | 2023 | |
 Liberia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Libya | 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Liechtenstein | 1.3%* | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Macao SAR China | 0% | 2023 | |
 Madagascar | 5% | 2023 | |
 Malawi | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Malaysia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Maldives | 20% | 2023 | |
 Mali | 5% | 2023 | |
 Mauritania | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Mauritius | 0% | 2023 | |
| Mexico | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Micronesia | 4% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Moldova | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Mongolia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Montserrat | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Morocco | 2.5% | 2023 | |
 Mozambique | 5% | 2023 | |
 Myanmar (Burma) | 3% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Namibia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Nauru | 10% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Nepal | 5% | 2023 | |
| New Zealand | 0% | 2023 | |
 Nicaragua | 0% | 2023 | |
 Niger | 5% | 2023 | |
| Nigeria | 5% | 2023 | |
| North Macedonia | 0% | 2023 | |
| Norway | 0% | 2023 | |
 Oman | 5% | 2023 | |
 Pakistan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Palau | 3% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
 Palestinian Territories | 3% | 0% – 6% | 2017 · HS 2017 |
 Panama | 0% | 2023 | |
 Papua New Guinea | 0% | 2023 | |
 Paraguay | 5% | 0% – 20% | 2023 · HS 2017 |
| Peru | 3.7% | 0% – 11% | 2023 · HS 2017 |
 Philippines | 0% | 2023 | |
 Qatar | 5% | 2023 | |
 Russia | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Rwanda | 0% | 2023 | |
 Samoa | 8% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 São Tomé & Príncipe | 10% | 2019 · HS 2017 | |
 Saudi Arabia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Senegal | 5% | 2023 | |
 Seychelles | 0% | 2023 | |
 Sierra Leone | 5% | 2023 | |
 Singapore | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Solomon Islands | 10% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Somalia | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 South Africa | 0% | 2023 | |
| South Korea | 8% | 2023 | |
 Sri Lanka | 0% | 2023 | |
 St Kitts & Nevis | 0% | 2023 | |
 St Lucia | 0% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
 St Pierre & Miquelon | 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 St Vincent & the Grenadines | 5% | 2023 | |
 Sudan | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Suriname | 5% | 2023 · HS 2007 | |
| Switzerland | 1.1%* | 2023 | |
 Syria | 1% | 2020 · HS 2012 | |
 Tajikistan | 7% | 2021 · HS 2012 | |
 Tanzania | 0% | 2023 | |
 Thailand | 0% | 2023 | |
 Togo | 5% | 2023 | |
 Tonga | 3% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Trinidad & Tobago | 0% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
| Türkiye | 6.7% | 2023 | |
 Tuvalu | 0% | 2017 · HS 2017 | |
 Uganda | 0% | 2023 | |
 Ukraine | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 United Arab Emirates | 5% | 2023 | |
| United Kingdom | 0% | 2023 | |
| United States | 0.7% | 0% – 2.6% | 2023 |
 Uruguay | 5% | 0% – 20% | 2023 · HS 2017 |
 Uzbekistan | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Vanuatu | 0% | 2023 | |
 Venezuela | 12% | 0% – 20% | 2023 · HS 2017 |
 Vietnam | 0% | 2023 | |
 Wallis & Futuna | 10% | 2021 · HS 2012 | |
 Yemen | 5% | 2017 · HS 2017 | |
 Zambia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Zimbabwe | 0.1% | 0% – 0.2% | 2023 |
Tariff data years 2017–2023; rates may have changed since. * ad valorem equivalent of specific duties (UNCTAD estimate) · UNCTAD TRAINS, accessed via WITS (World Bank)
Classifications and correspondences
Where this HS subheading sits in the United Nations' statistical classifications, and which codes it had in earlier editions of the Harmonized System.
- SITC Rev. 4
- 72452 Knitting-machines & stitch-bonding machines
- End use (BEC Rev. 5)
- Capital goods · BEC 412010
- CPC 2.1 product
- 44613 Knitting machines, stitch-bonding machines, machines for making gimped yarn, tulle, lace, embroidery, trimmings, braid or net and machines for tufting
- ISIC Rev. 4 activity
- 2826 Manufacture of machinery for textile, apparel and leather production
Earlier HS editions
| HS | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 8447.20 | changed |
| 2012 | 8447.20 | changed |
| 2007 | 8447.20 | changed |
| 2002 | 8447.20 | changed |
| 1996 | 8447.20 | changed |
| 1992 | 8447.20 | changed |
Correspondence tables of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD)
Recent rule changes mentioning this code
Acts whose text cites this code or its heading. Check the act itself: a code can be cited for reasons other than a change of its duty.
- Sanctions · Applies from:
The Russia (Sanctions) (EU Exit) (Amendment) Regulations 2026
S.I. 2026/543 · Source: legislation.gov.uk
In the UK Global Tariff, subheading 8447.20 covers 2 tariff lines and the duty is duty-free.
The EU Combined Nomenclature divides subheading 8447.20 into 2 tariff lines; the duty is 1.7%.
Goods from 174 countries can enter the UK at a preferential rate instead of the standard Free; 174 of them pay no duty at all, for example under DCTS Comprehensive or European Union.
In the UK, additional duty of 35% applies on top of the customs duty to goods from Belarus and Russia.
In the 12 months to August 2026, the UK imported these goods worth £2.5m (down 7% on the year before), at an average of £13.57 per kg; China supplied 33%, followed by Germany.
World trade in these goods reached US$585m in 2024, down 11.5% on 2023.
China was the largest exporter with 51.5% of the total, ahead of Japan.
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for flat knitting machines; stitch-bonding machines?
Flat knitting machines; stitch-bonding machines fall under HS subheading 8447.20, part of heading 8447, in section XVI of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on flat knitting machines; stitch-bonding machines in the UK?
Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 8447.20 from countries without a preferential agreement are free of duty. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
What is the import duty on flat knitting machines; stitch-bonding machines in the EU?
Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 8447.20 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 1.7%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most flat knitting machines; stitch-bonding machines?
China, with US$301m in 2024 (51.5% of world exports).
Which countries can export these goods to the UK duty-free?
174 countries pay no duty under a trade agreement or preference scheme, among them partners under DCTS Comprehensive, European Union, DCTS Enhanced. The goods must meet the agreement’s rules of origin and the importer needs proof of origin; otherwise the standard rate of Free applies. Pick a country above to see its rate.
Is there anti-dumping duty on these goods?
The UK charges additional duty of 35% on goods from Belarus and Russia. Lower rates apply to the named exporters listed in the measure.
Where does the UK import these goods from?
In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were China (33%), Germany (26%) and Japan (26%), out of total imports of £2.5m.