Subheading · Chapter 29 · Heading 2912

2912.11

2912.11: Acyclic aldehydes without other oxygen function: methanal (formaldehyde)

Official description Methanal (formaldehyde)

Subheading 2912.11 belongs to heading 2912 (aldehydes, whether or not with other oxygen function; cyclic polymers of…) in chapter 29.

What you pay

Importing into UK

Customs duty 4% standard rate depends on the country of origin
Additional duties and charges 3 additional measures Import requirements: 1
VAT 20.00 % import VAT
Duty calculatorCalculate duty and taxes →

Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff

UK lines →
  1. 2912 11 00 00 Methanal (formaldehyde) 4%
  2. 2912 11 00 00 Methanal (formaldehyde) 4%

Additional duties and import rules

Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.

Additional duties and charges 3

  • Additional dutyAdditional duties 35%
    Applies to goods from
    Belarus, Russia
    Legal act
    2022 No. 833
    Documents
    • 9018
  • Duty suspensionAutonomous tariff suspension Free
    Applies to goods from
    all countries
    In force
    until 31 December 2028
    Legal act
    2020 No. 1435
    Documents
    • 9Y11
  • Duty suspensionSuspension - goods for certain categories of ships, boats and other vessels and for drilling or production platforms Free
    Applies to goods from
    all countries
    Legal act
    2020 No. 1431
    Documents
    • C990 End use authorisation ships and platforms (Column 8c, Annex A of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446)

Import requirements 1

  • Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
    Applies to goods from
    Ukraine
    Legal act
    S.I. 2022/395
    Documents
    • 9009
    • 9010
    • 9017

Preferential rates by country

Agreement or schemeCountriesRate
standard rate (no agreement)—4%
DCTS Comprehensive
Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 38 more

Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia

Free
European Union (including code " EU")
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia and 23 more

Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden

Free
DCTS Enhanced
Algeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville and 13 more

Algeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville, Cook Islands, Kyrgyzstan, Micronesia, Mongolia, Nigeria, Niue, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu

Free
CARIFORUM
Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 more

Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago

Free
OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories)
Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 more

Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands

Free
Central America Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama Free
SADC EPA Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia Free
Eastern and Southern Africa States Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe Free
CPTPP Brunei, Malaysia Free
UK–Andorra agreement Andorra Free
UK–Albania agreement Albania Free
UK–Australia agreement Australia Free
UK–Canada agreement Canada Free
UK–Switzerland agreement Switzerland Free
UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement Côte d’Ivoire Free
UK–Chile agreement Chile Free
UK–Cameroon agreement Cameroon Free
UK–Colombia agreement Colombia Free
UK–Ceuta & Melilla agreement Ceuta & Melilla Free
UK–Ecuador agreement Ecuador Free
UK–Egypt agreement Egypt Free
UK–Fiji agreement Fiji Free
UK–Faroe Islands agreement Faroe Islands Free
UK–Georgia agreement Georgia Free
UK–Ghana agreement Ghana Free
DCTS Standard Indonesia Free
UK–Israel agreement Israel Free
UK–India agreement India Free
UK–Iceland agreement Iceland Free
UK–Jordan agreement Jordan Free
UK–Japan agreement Japan Free
UK–Kenya agreement Kenya Free
UK–South Korea agreement South Korea Free
UK–Lebanon agreement Lebanon Free
UK–Liechtenstein agreement Liechtenstein Free
UK–Morocco agreement Morocco Free
UK–Moldova agreement Moldova Free
UK–North Macedonia agreement North Macedonia Free
UK–Mexico agreement Mexico Free
UK–Norway agreement Norway Free
UK–New Zealand agreement New Zealand Free
UK–Peru agreement Peru Free
UK–Papua New Guinea agreement Papua New Guinea Free
UK–Palestinian Territories agreement Palestinian Territories Free
UK–Serbia agreement Serbia Free
UK–Solomon Islands agreement Solomon Islands Free
UK–Singapore agreement Singapore Free
UK–San Marino agreement San Marino Free
UK–Tunisia agreement Tunisia Free
UK–Türkiye agreement Türkiye Free
UK–Ukraine agreement Ukraine Free
UK–Vietnam agreement Vietnam Free
UK–Samoa agreement Samoa Free
UK–Kosovo agreement Kosovo Free
UK–South Africa agreement South Africa Free

UK: imports by month

last 12 months£2.6m+5.6% · previous 12 months
Average import price£0.41 per kg
Jan 2024: £141kFeb 2024: £145kMar 2024: £110kApr 2024: £164kMay 2024: £188kJun 2024: £141kJul 2024: £198kAug 2024: £132kSept 2024: £185kOct 2024: £297kNov 2024: £209kDec 2024: £240kJan 2025: £217kFeb 2025: £198kMar 2025: £241kApr 2025: £158kMay 2025: £199kJun 2025: £158kJul 2025: £223kAug 2025: £171kSept 2025: £157kOct 2025: £208kNov 2025: £221kDec 2025: £139kJan 2026: £175kFeb 2026: £203kMar 2026: £219kApr 2026: £262kMay 2026: £315kJun 2026: £224kJul 2026: £219kAug 2026: £294k 202420252026
Data up to August 2026 (provisional) · Monthly data: Eurostat Comext (CC BY 4.0), HMRC (OGL v3.0)

Main suppliers, last 12 months

CountryValueShareChange
Belgium £1.6m 59.7% -10.3%
Ireland £628k 23.8% +119.3%
United States £251k 9.5% +37.2%
Germany £62k 2.4% +22.2%
Italy £44k 1.7% -6.2%
Poland £26k 1% —
Denmark £24k 0.9% +232.5%
France £19k 0.7% -46.1%

Same subheading in other tariffs

World trade in 2024

2912.11 · US$189m

Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$152kUS$152k+US$1m+US$7m+> US$23m

Exports: 84
  1. Netherlands: US$35m
  2. Germany: US$24m
  3. Belgium: US$23m
  4. Italy: US$14m
  5. Poland: US$12m
  6. China: US$9m
  7. Spain: US$9m
  8. United States: US$8m
  9. India: US$7m
  10. Canada: US$6m
  11. Denmark: US$5m
  12. Türkiye: US$4m
  13. United Kingdom: US$4m
  14. Austria: US$3m
  15. Finland: US$3m
  16. Saudi Arabia: US$2m
  17. Russia: US$2m
  18. Brazil: US$2m
  19. Taiwan: US$2m
  20. Hungary: US$2m
  21. Egypt: US$1m
  22. Lithuania: US$1m
  23. Slovakia: US$1m
  24. Norway: US$1m
  25. Portugal: US$806k
  26. Czechia: US$764k
  27. Vietnam: US$717k
  28. France: US$688k
  29. Argentina: US$649k
  30. Estonia: US$577k
  31. Jordan: US$529k
  32. Mexico: US$473k
  33. Indonesia: US$452k
  34. Iran: US$430k
  35. Ireland: US$415k
  36. Sweden: US$404k
  37. South Africa: US$348k
  38. Slovenia: US$254k
  39. Malaysia: US$234k
  40. Thailand: US$198k
  41. Singapore: US$152k
  42. Hong Kong SAR China: US$143k
  43. Ukraine: US$140k
  44. Bulgaria: US$140k
  45. Peru: US$132k
  46. South Korea: US$128k
  47. Switzerland: US$127k
  48. Colombia: US$107k
  49. Chile: US$104k
  50. Japan: US$101k
  51. Australia: US$94k
  52. Oman: US$90k
  53. Israel: US$78k
  54. Guatemala: US$62k
  55. Greece: US$58k
  56. United Arab Emirates: US$55k
  57. Romania: US$49k
  58. Croatia: US$39k
  59. Mongolia: US$29k
  60. Panama: US$25k

Top exporters

RankCountryValueShare
1 Netherlands US$35m 18.3%
2 Germany US$24m 12.9%
3 Belgium US$23m 12.1%
4 Italy US$14m 7.1%
5 Poland US$12m 6.4%
6 China US$9m 5%
7 Spain US$9m 4.8%
8 United States US$8m 4.1%
9 India US$7m 3.7%
10 Canada US$6m 3%

Top importers

RankCountryValueShare
1 Germany US$32m 16.7%
2 Poland US$16m 8.4%
3 Slovenia US$12m 6.3%
4 France US$11m 5.8%
5 Belgium US$11m 5.6%
6 Netherlands US$11m 5.6%
7 Nigeria US$10m 5.4%
8 Italy US$9m 4.5%
9 Austria US$6m 3.1%
10 Switzerland US$6m 2.9%

Import duty on this product around the world 164

The most-favoured-nation (MFN) duty each country applies to goods of this HS subheading: the average over its national tariff lines, with the lowest and highest line where they differ. Goods from countries with a trade agreement often pay less.

  • 5%median duty
  • 51number of duty-free countries (MFN)
  • 45%highest: Bahamas, Bangladesh, Bermuda

164

Importing countryMFN dutylines from – todata year
Afghanistan 1% 2018 · HS 2012
Albania 0% 2023
Algeria 15% 2023
Angola 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Anguilla 10% 2021 · HS 2017
Antigua & Barbuda 5% 2021 · HS 2007
Argentina 12% 2023 · HS 2017
Armenia 5% 2023
Aruba 6% 2021 · HS 2012
Australia 5% 2023
Azerbaijan 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Bahamas 45% 2022
Bahrain 5% 2023
Bangladesh 25% 2023 · HS 2017
Barbados 5% 2022 · HS 2017
Belarus 5% 2021 · HS 2017
Belize 5% 2023
Benin 5% 2023
Bermuda 25% 2023
Bhutan 10% 2022
Bolivia 10% 2023 · HS 2017
Bosnia & Herzegovina 5% 2022
Botswana 0% 2023
Brazil 12% 2023 · HS 2017
Brunei 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Burkina Faso 5% 2023
Burundi 0% 2023
Cambodia 7% 2023 · HS 2017
Cameroon 10% 2023
Canada 0% 2023
Cape Verde 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Cayman Islands 22% 2021 · HS 2002
Central African Republic 10% 2023
Chad 10% 2023
Chile 6% 2023 · HS 2017
China 5.5% 2023
Colombia 5% 2023 · HS 2017
Comoros 20% 2021 · HS 2017
Congo - Brazzaville 10% 2023
Cook Islands 0% 2022 · HS 2017
Costa Rica 0% 2023
Côte d’Ivoire 5% 2023 · HS 2017
Cuba 10% 2023 · HS 2017
Dominica 5% 2023 · HS 2017
Dominican Republic 0% 2023
Ecuador 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Egypt 2% 2019 · HS 2017
El Salvador 0% 2022
Equatorial Guinea 10% 2023
Eswatini 0% 2023
Ethiopia 7.5% 5% – 10% 2021 · HS 2017
European Union (27 countries) 5.5% 2023
Fiji 5% 2023
French Polynesia 8% 2023
Gabon 10% 2023
Gambia 5% 2023
Georgia 0% 2022 · HS 2017
Ghana 5% 2023
Gibraltar 12% 2023 · HS 2017
Grenada 5% 2023 · HS 2012
Guatemala 0% 2023
Guinea 5% 2023
Guinea-Bissau 5% 2023
Guyana 5% 2023 · HS 2017
Haiti 3.5% 2020 · HS 2017
Honduras 0% 2023
Hong Kong SAR China 0% 2023
Iceland 0% 2023
India 7.5% 2023
Indonesia 5% 2023
Iran 10% 2020 · HS 2017
Israel 0% 2022 · HS 2017
Jamaica 0% 2023
Japan 3.3% 2023
Jordan 0% 2023
Kazakhstan 5% 2023
Kenya 0% 2023
Kiribati 0% 2023 · HS 2002
Kuwait 5% 2023
Kyrgyzstan 5% 2021 · HS 2017
Laos 5% 2023 · HS 2017
Lebanon 0% 2020 · HS 2017
Lesotho 0% 2023
Liberia 5% 2023
Libya 5% 2021 · HS 2017
Liechtenstein 5%* 2021 · HS 2017
Macao SAR China 0% 2023
Madagascar 5% 2023
Malawi 0% 2021 · HS 2017
Malaysia 0% 2023
Maldives 15% 2023
Mali 5% 2023
Mauritania 5% 2023 · HS 2017
Mauritius 0% 2023
Mexico 7% 2023 · HS 2017
Micronesia 4% 2021 · HS 2017
Moldova 5.5% 2023 · HS 2017
Mongolia 5% 2023
Montserrat 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Morocco 2.5% 2023
Mozambique 2.5% 2023
Myanmar (Burma) 3% 2023 · HS 2017
Namibia 0% 2023
Nauru 10% 2021 · HS 2017
Nepal 10% 2023
New Zealand 0% 2023
Nicaragua 0% 2023
Niger 5% 2023
Nigeria 5% 2023
North Macedonia 5% 2023
Norway 0% 2023
Oman 5% 2023
Pakistan 0% 2023
Palestinian Territories 0% 2017 · HS 2017
Panama 0% 2023
Papua New Guinea 0% 2023
Paraguay 12% 2023 · HS 2017
Peru 6% 2023 · HS 2017
Philippines 3% 2023
Qatar 5% 2023
Russia 5% 2021 · HS 2017
Rwanda 0% 2023
Samoa 8% 2020 · HS 2017
São Tomé & Príncipe 5% 2019 · HS 2017
Saudi Arabia 5% 2023
Senegal 5% 2023
Seychelles 0% 2023
Sierra Leone 5% 2023
Singapore 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Solomon Islands 5% 2023 · HS 2017
Somalia 5% 2023 · HS 2017
South Africa 0% 2023
South Korea 5.5% 2023
Sri Lanka 0% 2023
St Kitts & Nevis 5% 2023
St Lucia 5% 2023 · HS 2012
St Pierre & Miquelon 8% 2021 · HS 2017
St Vincent & the Grenadines 5% 2023
Sudan 3% 2021 · HS 2017
Suriname 5% 2023 · HS 2007
Switzerland 3.8%* 2023
Syria 1% 2020 · HS 2012
Tajikistan 5.5% 2021 · HS 2012
Tanzania 0% 2023
Thailand 0% 2023
Togo 5% 2023
Tonga 15% 2023 · HS 2017
Trinidad & Tobago 0% 2023 · HS 2012
Türkiye 5.5% 2023
Tuvalu 0% 2017 · HS 2017
Uganda 0% 2023
Ukraine 5.5% 2023 · HS 2017
United Arab Emirates 5% 2023
United Kingdom 4% 2023
United States 2.8% 2023
Uruguay 12% 2023 · HS 2017
Uzbekistan 0% 2021 · HS 2017
Vanuatu 5% 2023
Venezuela 12% 2023 · HS 2017
Vietnam 3% 2023
Wallis & Futuna 6% 2021 · HS 2012
Yemen 5% 2017 · HS 2017
Zambia 0% 2023
Zimbabwe 0.1% 2023

Tariff data years 2017–2023; rates may have changed since. * ad valorem equivalent of specific duties (UNCTAD estimate) · UNCTAD TRAINS, accessed via WITS (World Bank)

Classifications and correspondences

Where this HS subheading sits in the United Nations' statistical classifications, and which codes it had in earlier editions of the Harmonized System.

SITC Rev. 4
51621 Acyclic aldehydes without other oxygen function
End use (BEC Rev. 5)
Intermediate goods · BEC 211220
CPC 2.1 product
34170 Ethers, alcohol peroxides, ether peroxides, epoxides, acetals and hemiacetals, and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives; aldehyde-function compounds; ketone-function compounds and quinone-function compounds; enzymes; prepared enzymes n.e.c.; organic compounds n.e.c.
ISIC Rev. 4 activity
2011 Manufacture of basic chemicals

Earlier HS editions

HSCode
20172912.11unchanged
20122912.11unchanged
20072912.11unchanged
20022912.11unchanged
19962912.11unchanged
19922912.11unchanged

Correspondence tables of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD)

Recent rule changes mentioning this code

Acts whose text cites this code or its heading. Check the act itself: a code can be cited for reasons other than a change of its duty.

  1. EU Tariff change · Applies from:

    Regulation (EU) 2026/1395 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2026 on applying a generalised scheme of tariff preferences and repealing Regulation (EU) No 978/2012

    CELEX 32026R1395 · Source: eur-lex.europa.eu

  2. GB Sanctions · Applies from:

    The Russia (Sanctions) (EU Exit) (Amendment) Regulations 2026

    S.I. 2026/543 · Source: legislation.gov.uk

  3. EU Anti-dumping · Applies from:

    Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2026/270 of 4 February 2026 imposing provisional anti-dumping duties on imports of 1,4-Butanediol originating in the People’s Republic of China, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United States of America

    CELEX 32026R0270 · Source: eur-lex.europa.eu

Rule changes →

The UK Global Tariff has one tariff line for subheading 2912.11; the duty is 4%.

Subheading 2912.11 is a single line in the EU Combined Nomenclature, where the duty is 5.5%.

174 countries pay no duty in the UK thanks to trade agreements and preference schemes such as DCTS Comprehensive and European Union, against a standard rate of 4%.

In the UK, additional duty of 35% applies on top of the customs duty to goods from Belarus and Russia.

Imports of these goods into the UK came to £2.6m between September 2025 and August 2026 (up 6% on the year before); Belgium supplied 60%, followed by Ireland.

In 2024, countries exported these goods worth US$189m (+5.8% year on year).

The largest exporter was the Netherlands (US$35m), followed by Germany.

Questions and answers

What is the HS code for acyclic aldehydes without other oxygen function: methanal (formaldehyde)?

Acyclic aldehydes without other oxygen function: methanal (formaldehyde) fall under HS subheading 2912.11, part of heading 2912, in section VI of the Harmonized System.

What is the import duty on acyclic aldehydes without other oxygen function in the UK?

Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 2912.11 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 4%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.

What is the import duty on acyclic aldehydes without other oxygen function in the EU?

Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 2912.11 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 5.5%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.

Which country exports the most acyclic aldehydes without other oxygen function?

The Netherlands, with US$35m in 2024 (18.3% of world exports).

Which countries can export these goods to the UK duty-free?

174 countries pay no duty under a trade agreement or preference scheme, among them partners under DCTS Comprehensive, European Union, DCTS Enhanced. The goods must meet the agreement’s rules of origin and the importer needs proof of origin; otherwise the standard rate of 4% applies. Pick a country above to see its rate.

Is there anti-dumping duty on these goods?

The UK charges additional duty of 35% on goods from Belarus and Russia. Lower rates apply to the named exporters listed in the measure.

Where does the UK import these goods from?

In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were Belgium (60%), Ireland (24%) and United States (10%), out of total imports of £2.6m.

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