Subheading · Chapter 84 · Heading 8448
8448.32: Of machines for preparing textile fibres, other than card clothing
8448.32 is a six-digit subheading of heading 8448, auxiliary machinery for use with machines of heading 8444, 8445, 8446 or 8447, chapter 84.
What you pay
Importing into UK
Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff
UK lines →- 8448 32 00 00 Of machines for preparing textile fibres, other than card clothing Free
Additional duties and import rules
Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.
Additional duties and charges 1
- Additional dutyAdditional duties 35%
- Applies to goods from
- Belarus, Russia
- Legal act
- 2022 No. 376
- Documents
- 9008
Import requirements 2
- Prohibition or restrictionImport prohibition
- Applies to goods from
- North Korea
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/411
- Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
- Applies to goods from
- Ukraine
- Legal act
- S.I. 2022/395
- Documents
- 9009
- 9010
- 9017
Preferential rates by country
| Agreement or scheme | Countries | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| standard rate (no agreement) | — | Free |
| DCTS Comprehensive | Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 38 moreAfghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia | Free |
| European Union (including code "EU") | Free | |
| DCTS Enhanced | Algeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville and 13 moreAlgeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville, Cook Islands, Kyrgyzstan, Micronesia, Mongolia, Nigeria, Niue, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu | Free |
| CARIFORUM | Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 moreAntigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago | Free |
| OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories) | Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 moreAnguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands | Free |
| Central America | Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama | Free |
| SADC EPA | Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia | Free |
| Eastern and Southern Africa States | Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe | Free |
| CPTPP | Brunei, Malaysia | Free |
| UK–Andorra agreement | Andorra | Free |
| UK–Albania agreement | Albania | Free |
| UK–Australia agreement | Australia | Free |
| UK–Canada agreement | Canada | Free |
| UK–Switzerland agreement | Switzerland | Free |
| UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement | Côte d’Ivoire | Free |
| UK–Chile agreement | Chile | Free |
| UK–Cameroon agreement | Cameroon | Free |
| UK–Colombia agreement | Colombia | Free |
| UK–Ceuta & Melilla agreement | Ceuta & Melilla | Free |
| UK–Ecuador agreement | Ecuador | Free |
| UK–Egypt agreement | Egypt | Free |
| UK–Fiji agreement | Fiji | Free |
| UK–Faroe Islands agreement | Faroe Islands | Free |
| UK–Georgia agreement | Georgia | Free |
| UK–Ghana agreement | Ghana | Free |
| DCTS Standard | Indonesia | Free |
| UK–Israel agreement | Israel | Free |
| UK–India agreement | India | Free |
| UK–Iceland agreement | Iceland | Free |
| UK–Jordan agreement | Jordan | Free |
| UK–Japan agreement | Japan | Free |
| UK–Kenya agreement | Kenya | Free |
| UK–South Korea agreement | South Korea | Free |
| UK–Lebanon agreement | Lebanon | Free |
| UK–Liechtenstein agreement | Liechtenstein | Free |
| UK–Morocco agreement | Morocco | Free |
| UK–Moldova agreement | Moldova | Free |
| UK–North Macedonia agreement | North Macedonia | Free |
| UK–Mexico agreement | Mexico | Free |
| UK–Norway agreement | Norway | Free |
| UK–New Zealand agreement | New Zealand | Free |
| UK–Peru agreement | Peru | Free |
| UK–Papua New Guinea agreement | Papua New Guinea | Free |
| UK–Palestinian Territories agreement | Palestinian Territories | Free |
| UK–Serbia agreement | Serbia | Free |
| UK–Solomon Islands agreement | Solomon Islands | Free |
| UK–Singapore agreement | Singapore | Free |
| UK–San Marino agreement | San Marino | Free |
| UK–Tunisia agreement | Tunisia | Free |
| UK–Türkiye agreement | Türkiye | Free |
| UK–Ukraine agreement | Ukraine | Free |
| UK–Vietnam agreement | Vietnam | Free |
| UK–Samoa agreement | Samoa | Free |
| UK–Kosovo agreement | Kosovo | Free |
| UK–South Africa agreement | South Africa | Free |
UK: imports by month
Main suppliers, last 12 months
| Country | Value | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
 Japan | £417k | 32.5% | -29.9% |
 China | £179k | 13.9% | +529.5% |
 Italy | £146k | 11.4% | +562.5% |
 United States | £133k | 10.3% | -83.6% |
 Portugal | £130k | 10.1% | +0.2% |
 Germany | £84k | 6.6% | -15.7% |
 Belgium | £81k | 6.3% | +136.6% |
 France | £40k | 3.1% | +1% |
Same subheading in other tariffs
EU 1.7% Third-country duty 1 tariff line 
Türkiye 1.7% Third-country duty 1 tariff line USA Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Canada Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Mexico Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Brazil 7.2% – 20% General (MFN) 7 tariff lines · average 14.5% 
Argentina Free – 12.6% General (MFN) 13 tariff lines · average 6.8% 
Peru Free General (MFN) 2 tariff lines 
New Zealand specific or compound duty General (MFN) 1 tariff line Japan Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Taiwan 2.5% General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
GCC 5% General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Switzerland Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Norway Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
North Macedonia Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Nigeria 5% General (MFN) 1 tariff line World trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$58kUS$58k+US$1m+US$12m+> US$39m
Exports: 83
- United States: US$53m
- Germany: US$44m
- India: US$39m
- China: US$30m
- Czechia: US$25m
- Italy: US$14m
- Japan: US$14m
- France: US$13m
- Switzerland: US$12m
- Belgium: US$5m
- Brazil: US$5m
- Taiwan: US$5m
- Netherlands: US$5m
- United Kingdom: US$4m
- Singapore: US$4m
- Greece: US$4m
- Spain: US$4m
- Croatia: US$2m
- Australia: US$2m
- South Korea: US$2m
- Denmark: US$1m
- Türkiye: US$1m
- Portugal: US$1m
- Poland: US$943k
- Austria: US$691k
- Indonesia: US$464k
- Malaysia: US$408k
- Canada: US$242k
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$147k
- South Africa: US$141k
- Bulgaria: US$137k
- Slovakia: US$132k
- Philippines: US$125k
- New Zealand: US$112k
- Hungary: US$107k
- Mexico: US$85k
- Sweden: US$84k
- Romania: US$79k
- Ecuador: US$76k
- Pakistan: US$61k
- Honduras: US$58k
- Thailand: US$58k
- Morocco: US$55k
- United Arab Emirates: US$49k
- Israel: US$45k
- Qatar: US$36k
- Uzbekistan: US$33k
- Bangladesh: US$27k
- Slovenia: US$20k
- Iran: US$19k
- Kenya: US$19k
- Luxembourg: US$17k
- Guatemala: US$15k
- Tunisia: US$14k
- Peru: US$12k
- Kazakhstan: US$10k
- Ireland: US$9k
- Vietnam: US$8k
- Colombia: US$8k
- Serbia: US$7k
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$245kUS$245k+US$2m+US$6m+> US$13m
Imports: 147
- India: US$37m
- Germany: US$33m
- China: US$28m
- United States: US$17m
- Australia: US$13m
- Türkiye: US$11m
- Czechia: US$9m
- Italy: US$8m
- Brazil: US$8m
- Switzerland: US$8m
- France: US$7m
- Benin: US$7m
- Indonesia: US$6m
- Vietnam: US$6m
- Bangladesh: US$6m
- Bahrain: US$5m
- United Arab Emirates: US$5m
- Taiwan: US$4m
- Mali: US$4m
- Cameroon: US$4m
- Côte d’Ivoire: US$4m
- Singapore: US$4m
- Mexico: US$4m
- Argentina: US$3m
- Jordan: US$3m
- Netherlands: US$3m
- Egypt: US$2m
- Peru: US$2m
- Iran: US$2m
- Pakistan: US$2m
- Uzbekistan: US$2m
- United Kingdom: US$2m
- Latvia: US$2m
- Japan: US$2m
- Portugal: US$2m
- Poland: US$2m
- Chad: US$2m
- Spain: US$1m
- Guatemala: US$1m
- Senegal: US$1m
- South Korea: US$1m
- Bulgaria: US$1m
- Ethiopia: US$1m
- Belgium: US$939k
- Thailand: US$923k
- Nepal: US$889k
- Kuwait: US$816k
- South Africa: US$814k
- Turkmenistan: US$750k
- Romania: US$726k
- Colombia: US$722k
- Canada: US$722k
- Tanzania: US$710k
- Malaysia: US$676k
- Togo: US$612k
- Qatar: US$558k
- Saudi Arabia: US$533k
- Burkina Faso: US$460k
- Chile: US$416k
- Greece: US$402k
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | US$53m | 17.9% |
| 2 | Germany | US$44m | 14.8% |
| 3 |  India | US$39m | 13.3% |
| 4 | China | US$30m | 10.1% |
| 5 |  Czechia | US$25m | 8.6% |
| 6 | Italy | US$14m | 4.7% |
| 7 | Japan | US$14m | 4.6% |
| 8 | France | US$13m | 4.4% |
| 9 | Switzerland | US$12m | 4% |
| 10 | Belgium | US$5m | 1.8% |
Top importers
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | India | US$37m | 12.4% |
| 2 | Germany | US$33m | 11% |
| 3 | China | US$28m | 9.6% |
| 4 | United States | US$17m | 5.7% |
| 5 |  Australia | US$13m | 4.3% |
| 6 | Türkiye | US$11m | 3.5% |
| 7 | Czechia | US$9m | 3.2% |
| 8 | Italy | US$8m | 2.7% |
| 9 | Brazil | US$8m | 2.7% |
| 10 | Switzerland | US$8m | 2.6% |
Import duty on this product around the world 164
The most-favoured-nation (MFN) duty each country applies to goods of this HS subheading: the average over its national tariff lines, with the lowest and highest line where they differ. Goods from countries with a trade agreement often pay less.
- 1.4%median duty
- 75number of duty-free countries (MFN)
- 45%highest: Bahamas, Bermuda, Cayman Islands
164
| Importing country | MFN duty | lines from – to | data year |
|---|---|---|---|
 Afghanistan | 5% | 2018 · HS 2012 | |
 Albania | 0% | 2023 | |
 Algeria | 5% | 2023 | |
 Angola | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Anguilla | 20% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Antigua & Barbuda | 5% | 2021 · HS 2007 | |
| Argentina | 1.1% | 0% – 2% | 2023 · HS 2017 |
 Armenia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Aruba | 12% | 2021 · HS 2012 | |
| Australia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Azerbaijan | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Bahamas | 45% | 2022 | |
 Bahrain | 5% | 2023 | |
 Bangladesh | 1% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Barbados | 5% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Belarus | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Belize | 5% | 2023 | |
 Benin | 5% | 2023 | |
 Bermuda | 25% | 2023 | |
 Bhutan | 10% | 2022 | |
 Bolivia | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Bosnia & Herzegovina | 5% | 2022 | |
 Botswana | 0% | 2023 | |
| Brazil | 8% | 0% – 14% | 2023 · HS 2017 |
 Brunei | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Burkina Faso | 5% | 2023 | |
 Burundi | 0% | 2023 | |
 Cambodia | 15% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Cameroon | 10% | 2023 | |
| Canada | 0% | 2023 | |
 Cape Verde | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Cayman Islands | 22% | 2021 · HS 2002 | |
 Central African Republic | 10% | 2023 | |
 Chad | 10% | 2023 | |
 Chile | 6% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
| China | 6% | 2023 | |
 Colombia | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Comoros | 20% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Congo - Brazzaville | 10% | 2023 | |
 Cook Islands | 0% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Costa Rica | 0% | 2023 | |
 Côte d’Ivoire | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Cuba | 4% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Dominica | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Dominican Republic | 0% | 2023 | |
 Ecuador | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Egypt | 0% | 2019 · HS 2017 | |
 El Salvador | 0% | 2022 | |
 Equatorial Guinea | 10% | 2023 | |
 Eswatini | 0% | 2023 | |
 Ethiopia | 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
| European Union (27 countries) | 1.7% | 2023 | |
 Fiji | 0% | 2023 | |
 French Polynesia | 10% | 2023 | |
 Gabon | 10% | 2023 | |
 Gambia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Georgia | 0% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Ghana | 5% | 2023 | |
 Gibraltar | 12% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Grenada | 5% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
 Guatemala | 0% | 2023 | |
 Guinea | 5% | 2023 | |
 Guinea-Bissau | 5% | 2023 | |
 Guyana | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Haiti | 0% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 Honduras | 0% | 2023 | |
 Hong Kong SAR China | 0% | 2023 | |
 Iceland | 0% | 2023 | |
| India | 5% | 2023 | |
 Indonesia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Iran | 5% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 Israel | 0% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Jamaica | 0% | 2023 | |
| Japan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Jordan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Kazakhstan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Kenya | 0% | 2023 | |
 Kiribati | 0% | 2023 · HS 2002 | |
 Kuwait | 5% | 2023 | |
 Kyrgyzstan | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Laos | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Lebanon | 0% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 Lesotho | 0% | 2023 | |
 Liberia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Libya | 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Liechtenstein | 0.9%* | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Macao SAR China | 0% | 2023 | |
 Madagascar | 10% | 2023 | |
 Malawi | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Malaysia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Maldives | 20% | 2023 | |
 Mali | 5% | 2023 | |
 Mauritania | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Mauritius | 0% | 2023 | |
| Mexico | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Micronesia | 4% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Moldova | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Mongolia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Montserrat | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Morocco | 2.5% | 2023 | |
 Mozambique | 5% | 2023 | |
 Myanmar (Burma) | 3% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Namibia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Nauru | 10% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Nepal | 5% | 2023 | |
 Nicaragua | 0% | 2023 | |
 Niger | 5% | 2023 | |
| Nigeria | 5% | 2023 | |
| North Macedonia | 0% | 2023 | |
| Norway | 0% | 2023 | |
 Oman | 5% | 2023 | |
 Pakistan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Palau | 3% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
 Palestinian Territories | 0% | 2017 · HS 2017 | |
 Panama | 0% | 2023 | |
 Papua New Guinea | 0% | 2023 | |
 Paraguay | 0.3% | 0% – 2% | 2023 · HS 2017 |
| Peru | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Philippines | 0% | 2023 | |
 Qatar | 5% | 2023 | |
 Russia | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Rwanda | 0% | 2023 | |
 Samoa | 8% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 São Tomé & Príncipe | 10% | 2019 · HS 2017 | |
 Saudi Arabia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Senegal | 5% | 2023 | |
 Seychelles | 0% | 2023 | |
 Sierra Leone | 5% | 2023 | |
 Singapore | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Solomon Islands | 10% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Somalia | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 South Africa | 0% | 2023 | |
 South Korea | 8% | 2023 | |
 Sri Lanka | 0% | 2023 | |
 St Kitts & Nevis | 0% | 2023 | |
 St Lucia | 0% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
 St Pierre & Miquelon | 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 St Vincent & the Grenadines | 5% | 2023 | |
 Sudan | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Suriname | 5% | 2023 · HS 2007 | |
| Switzerland | 0.8%* | 2023 | |
 Syria | 1% | 2020 · HS 2012 | |
 Tajikistan | 7% | 2021 · HS 2012 | |
 Tanzania | 0% | 2023 | |
 Thailand | 0% | 2023 | |
 Togo | 5% | 2023 | |
 Tonga | 3% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Trinidad & Tobago | 0% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
| Türkiye | 6.7% | 2023 | |
 Tuvalu | 0% | 2017 · HS 2017 | |
 Uganda | 0% | 2023 | |
 Ukraine | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 United Arab Emirates | 5% | 2023 | |
| United Kingdom | 0% | 2023 | |
| United States | 0% | 2023 | |
 Uruguay | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Uzbekistan | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Vanuatu | 0% | 2023 | |
 Venezuela | 8% | 0% – 14% | 2023 · HS 2017 |
 Vietnam | 0% | 2023 | |
 Wallis & Futuna | 10% | 2021 · HS 2012 | |
 Yemen | 5% | 2017 · HS 2017 | |
 Zambia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Zimbabwe | 0.1% | 2023 |
Tariff data years 2017–2023; rates may have changed since. * ad valorem equivalent of specific duties (UNCTAD estimate) · UNCTAD TRAINS, accessed via WITS (World Bank)
Classifications and correspondences
Where this HS subheading sits in the United Nations' statistical classifications, and which codes it had in earlier editions of the Harmonized System.
- SITC Rev. 4
- 72449 Parts & accessories of machines of subgroup 724.4/heading 724.54/of their auxiliary machinery
- End use (BEC Rev. 5)
- Intermediate goods · BEC 411210
- CPC 2.1 product
- 44640 Parts for the goods of class 4461; parts for the goods of subclass 44621 (including sewing machine needles and furniture, bases and covers for sewing machines); parts for the goods of subclass 44622; parts for the goods of subclass 44629, except parts of machinery for the manufacture or finishing of felt or nonwovens and blocks for making hats; parts for the goods of subclass 44630; parts of household or laundry-type washing machines and textile drying machines, each of a dry linen capacity not exceeding 10 kg
- ISIC Rev. 4 activity
- 2826 Manufacture of machinery for textile, apparel and leather production
Earlier HS editions
| HS | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 8448.32 | changed |
| 2012 | 8448.32 | changed |
| 2007 | 8448.32 | changed |
| 2002 | 8448.32 | changed |
| 1996 | 8448.32 | changed |
| 1992 | 8448.32 | changed |
Correspondence tables of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD)
Subheading 8448.32 is a single line in the UK Global Tariff, where the duty is duty-free.
The EU Combined Nomenclature has one tariff line for subheading 8448.32; the duty is 1.7%.
Goods from 174 countries can enter the UK at a preferential rate instead of the standard Free; 174 of them pay no duty at all, for example under DCTS Comprehensive or European Union.
In the UK, additional duty of 35% applies on top of the customs duty to goods from Belarus and Russia.
In the 12 months to August 2026, the UK imported these goods worth £1.3m (down 31% on the year before), at an average of £26.33 per kg; Japan supplied 33%, followed by China.
World trade in these goods reached US$297m in 2024, down 20.2% on 2023.
The United States was the largest exporter with 17.9% of the total, ahead of Germany.
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for of machines for preparing textile fibres, other than card clothing?
Of machines for preparing textile fibres, other than card clothing fall under HS subheading 8448.32, part of heading 8448, in section XVI of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on of machines for preparing textile fibres in the UK?
Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 8448.32 from countries without a preferential agreement are free of duty. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
What is the import duty on of machines for preparing textile fibres in the EU?
Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 8448.32 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 1.7%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most of machines for preparing textile fibres?
The United States, with US$53m in 2024 (17.9% of world exports).
Which countries can export these goods to the UK duty-free?
174 countries pay no duty under a trade agreement or preference scheme, among them partners under DCTS Comprehensive, European Union, DCTS Enhanced. The goods must meet the agreement’s rules of origin and the importer needs proof of origin; otherwise the standard rate of Free applies. Pick a country above to see its rate.
Is there anti-dumping duty on these goods?
The UK charges additional duty of 35% on goods from Belarus and Russia. Lower rates apply to the named exporters listed in the measure.
Where does the UK import these goods from?
In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were Japan (33%), China (14%) and Italy (11%), out of total imports of £1.3m.