Subheading · Chapter 84 · Heading 8451
8451.40: Washing, bleaching or dyeing machines
Subheading 8451.40 belongs to heading 8451 (machinery (other than machines of heading 8450) for washing, cleaning…) in chapter 84.
What you pay
Importing into UK
Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff
UK lines →- 8451 40 00 00 Washing, bleaching or dyeing machines 2%
Additional duties and import rules
Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.
Additional duties and charges 2
- Additional dutyAdditional duties 35%
- Applies to goods from
- Belarus, Russia
- Legal act
- 2022 No. 376
- Documents
- 9008
- Duty suspensionSuspension - goods for certain categories of ships, boats and other vessels and for drilling or production platforms Free
- Applies to goods from
- all countries
- Legal act
- 2020 No. 1431
- Documents
- C990 End use authorisation ships and platforms (Column 8c, Annex A of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446)
Import requirements 2
- Prohibition or restrictionImport prohibition
- Applies to goods from
- North Korea
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/411
- Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
- Applies to goods from
- Ukraine
- Legal act
- S.I. 2022/395
- Documents
- 9009
- 9010
- 9017
Preferential rates by country
| Agreement or scheme | Countries | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| standard rate (no agreement) | — | 2% |
| DCTS Comprehensive | Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 38 moreAfghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia | Free |
| European Union (including code "EU") | Free | |
| DCTS Enhanced | Algeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville and 13 moreAlgeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville, Cook Islands, Kyrgyzstan, Micronesia, Mongolia, Nigeria, Niue, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu | Free |
| CARIFORUM | Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 moreAntigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago | Free |
| OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories) | Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 moreAnguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands | Free |
| Central America | Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama | Free |
| SADC EPA | Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia | Free |
| Eastern and Southern Africa States | Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe | Free |
| CPTPP | Brunei, Malaysia | Free |
| UK–Andorra agreement | Andorra | Free |
| UK–Albania agreement | Albania | Free |
| UK–Australia agreement | Australia | Free |
| UK–Canada agreement | Canada | Free |
| UK–Switzerland agreement | Switzerland | Free |
| UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement | Côte d’Ivoire | Free |
| UK–Chile agreement | Chile | Free |
| UK–Cameroon agreement | Cameroon | Free |
| UK–Colombia agreement | Colombia | Free |
| UK–Ceuta & Melilla agreement | Ceuta & Melilla | Free |
| UK–Ecuador agreement | Ecuador | Free |
| UK–Egypt agreement | Egypt | Free |
| UK–Fiji agreement | Fiji | Free |
| UK–Faroe Islands agreement | Faroe Islands | Free |
| UK–Georgia agreement | Georgia | Free |
| UK–Ghana agreement | Ghana | Free |
| DCTS Standard | Indonesia | Free |
| UK–Israel agreement | Israel | Free |
| UK–India agreement | India | Free |
| UK–Iceland agreement | Iceland | Free |
| UK–Jordan agreement | Jordan | Free |
| UK–Japan agreement | Japan | Free |
| UK–Kenya agreement | Kenya | Free |
| UK–South Korea agreement | South Korea | Free |
| UK–Lebanon agreement | Lebanon | Free |
| UK–Liechtenstein agreement | Liechtenstein | Free |
| UK–Morocco agreement | Morocco | Free |
| UK–Moldova agreement | Moldova | Free |
| UK–North Macedonia agreement | North Macedonia | Free |
| UK–Mexico agreement | Mexico | Free |
| UK–Norway agreement | Norway | Free |
| UK–New Zealand agreement | New Zealand | Free |
| UK–Peru agreement | Peru | Free |
| UK–Papua New Guinea agreement | Papua New Guinea | Free |
| UK–Palestinian Territories agreement | Palestinian Territories | Free |
| UK–Serbia agreement | Serbia | Free |
| UK–Solomon Islands agreement | Solomon Islands | Free |
| UK–Singapore agreement | Singapore | Free |
| UK–San Marino agreement | San Marino | Free |
| UK–Tunisia agreement | Tunisia | Free |
| UK–Türkiye agreement | Türkiye | Free |
| UK–Ukraine agreement | Ukraine | Free |
| UK–Vietnam agreement | Vietnam | Free |
| UK–Samoa agreement | Samoa | Free |
| UK–Kosovo agreement | Kosovo | Free |
| UK–South Africa agreement | South Africa | Free |
UK: imports by month
Main suppliers, last 12 months
| Country | Value | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
 Spain | £599k | 20.7% | +509.1% |
 Mexico | £567k | 19.6% | -9.7% |
 China | £416k | 14.4% | +31.6% |
 Netherlands | £403k | 13.9% | +3,126.3% |
 Türkiye | £313k | 10.8% | +13.5% |
 United States | £263k | 9.1% | +113.8% |
 Italy | £172k | 6% | -65% |
 Germany | £44k | 1.5% | -84.7% |
Same subheading in other tariffs
EU 2.2% Third-country duty 1 tariff line Türkiye 2.2% Third-country duty 3 tariff lines USA 3.5% General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Canada Free – 6% General (MFN) 2 tariff lines · average 3% Mexico Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Brazil 20% General (MFN) 4 tariff lines 
Argentina 12.6% General (MFN) 6 tariff lines 
Peru Free General (MFN) 2 tariff lines 
New Zealand 5% General (MFN) 2 tariff lines 
Japan Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Taiwan 3% General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
GCC 5% General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Switzerland Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Norway Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
North Macedonia 5% General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Nigeria 5% General (MFN) 1 tariff line World trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$80kUS$80k+US$1m+US$13m+> US$81m
Exports: 110
- China: US$185m
- Italy: US$122m
- Germany: US$87m
- Türkiye: US$81m
- Saudi Arabia: US$61m
- Taiwan: US$52m
- Spain: US$24m
- Japan: US$19m
- South Korea: US$17m
- India: US$16m
- United States: US$13m
- Mexico: US$12m
- Greece: US$12m
- Switzerland: US$8m
- Austria: US$6m
- Czechia: US$4m
- Thailand: US$4m
- France: US$3m
- Belgium: US$3m
- Sweden: US$2m
- Poland: US$2m
- Netherlands: US$2m
- Portugal: US$2m
- United Kingdom: US$2m
- Slovenia: US$2m
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$2m
- South Africa: US$1m
- Brazil: US$1m
- Israel: US$1m
- United Arab Emirates: US$933k
- Romania: US$501k
- Serbia: US$490k
- Denmark: US$427k
- Pakistan: US$417k
- Croatia: US$414k
- Colombia: US$400k
- Vietnam: US$384k
- Norway: US$364k
- Malaysia: US$309k
- Belarus: US$274k
- New Zealand: US$217k
- Finland: US$213k
- Australia: US$212k
- Bulgaria: US$198k
- Tunisia: US$185k
- Kenya: US$156k
- Hungary: US$132k
- Guatemala: US$131k
- Morocco: US$125k
- Philippines: US$122k
- Singapore: US$105k
- Lithuania: US$99k
- Sri Lanka: US$85k
- Ethiopia: US$80k
- Chile: US$80k
- Latvia: US$69k
- Kuwait: US$66k
- Indonesia: US$65k
- Madagascar: US$58k
- Honduras: US$55k
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$223kUS$223k+US$2m+US$7m+> US$36m
Imports: 200
- Vietnam: US$80m
- Poland: US$64m
- Bangladesh: US$59m
- India: US$54m
- Türkiye: US$45m
- Pakistan: US$36m
- China: US$35m
- Indonesia: US$31m
- Egypt: US$29m
- Brazil: US$27m
- United States: US$27m
- Uzbekistan: US$21m
- Russia: US$16m
- Thailand: US$14m
- Malaysia: US$11m
- Colombia: US$11m
- South Korea: US$11m
- France: US$10m
- Mexico: US$10m
- Taiwan: US$7m
- Canada: US$7m
- Peru: US$7m
- Germany: US$7m
- Cambodia: US$6m
- Sri Lanka: US$6m
- Iran: US$6m
- Spain: US$6m
- Honduras: US$5m
- Guatemala: US$5m
- United Kingdom: US$5m
- Japan: US$4m
- Italy: US$4m
- Benin: US$4m
- Romania: US$4m
- Argentina: US$4m
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$4m
- United Arab Emirates: US$4m
- Portugal: US$4m
- Ethiopia: US$3m
- Saudi Arabia: US$3m
- El Salvador: US$3m
- Netherlands: US$3m
- Algeria: US$3m
- Morocco: US$2m
- Switzerland: US$2m
- Australia: US$2m
- Belgium: US$2m
- Singapore: US$2m
- South Africa: US$2m
- Paraguay: US$2m
- Philippines: US$1m
- Greece: US$1m
- Dominican Republic: US$1m
- Madagascar: US$1m
- Kenya: US$1m
- Croatia: US$1m
- Ecuador: US$1m
- Israel: US$1m
- Czechia: US$1m
- Zambia: US$1m
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | US$185m | 24.6% |
| 2 | Italy | US$122m | 16.2% |
| 3 | Germany | US$87m | 11.5% |
| 4 | Türkiye | US$81m | 10.8% |
| 5 |  Saudi Arabia | US$61m | 8.2% |
| 6 | Taiwan | US$52m | 6.9% |
| 7 | Spain | US$24m | 3.1% |
| 8 | Japan | US$19m | 2.5% |
| 9 |  South Korea | US$17m | 2.2% |
| 10 |  India | US$16m | 2.1% |
Import duty on this product around the world 165
The most-favoured-nation (MFN) duty each country applies to goods of this HS subheading: the average over its national tariff lines, with the lowest and highest line where they differ. Goods from countries with a trade agreement often pay less.
- 5%median duty
- 64number of duty-free countries (MFN)
- 45%highest: Bahamas, Tuvalu, Bermuda
165
| Importing country | MFN duty | lines from – to | data year |
|---|---|---|---|
 Afghanistan | 2.5% | 2018 · HS 2012 | |
 Albania | 0% | 2023 | |
 Algeria | 5% | 2023 | |
 Angola | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Anguilla | 20% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Antigua & Barbuda | 5% | 2021 · HS 2007 | |
| Argentina | 5% | 2% – 14% | 2023 · HS 2017 |
 Armenia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Aruba | 12% | 2021 · HS 2012 | |
 Australia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Azerbaijan | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Bahamas | 45% | 2022 | |
 Bahrain | 5% | 2023 | |
 Bangladesh | 1% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Barbados | 5% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Belarus | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Belize | 5% | 2023 | |
 Benin | 5% | 2023 | |
 Bermuda | 25% | 2023 | |
 Bhutan | 10% | 2022 | |
 Bolivia | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Bosnia & Herzegovina | 5% | 2022 | |
 Botswana | 0% | 2023 | |
| Brazil | 14% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Brunei | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Burkina Faso | 5% | 2023 | |
 Burundi | 0% | 2023 | |
 Cambodia | 15% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Cameroon | 10% | 2023 | |
| Canada | 3% | 0% – 6% | 2023 |
 Cape Verde | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Cayman Islands | 22% | 2021 · HS 2002 | |
 Central African Republic | 10% | 2023 | |
 Chad | 10% | 2023 | |
 Chile | 6% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
| China | 8% | 2023 | |
 Colombia | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Comoros | 20% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Congo - Brazzaville | 10% | 2023 | |
 Cook Islands | 0% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Costa Rica | 0% | 2023 | |
 Côte d’Ivoire | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Cuba | 10% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Dominica | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Dominican Republic | 0% | 2023 | |
 Ecuador | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Egypt | 0% | 2019 · HS 2017 | |
 El Salvador | 0% | 2022 | |
 Equatorial Guinea | 10% | 2023 | |
 Eswatini | 0% | 2023 | |
 Ethiopia | 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
| European Union (27 countries) | 2.2% | 2023 | |
 Fiji | 0% | 2023 | |
 French Polynesia | 10% | 2023 | |
 Gabon | 10% | 2023 | |
 Gambia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Georgia | 0% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Ghana | 5% | 2023 | |
 Gibraltar | 12% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Grenada | 5% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
 Guatemala | 0% | 2023 | |
 Guinea | 5% | 2023 | |
 Guinea-Bissau | 5% | 2023 | |
 Guyana | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Haiti | 5% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 Honduras | 0% | 2023 | |
 Hong Kong SAR China | 0% | 2023 | |
 Iceland | 0% | 2023 | |
| India | 7.5% | 2023 | |
 Indonesia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Iran | 5% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 Israel | 3.3% | 0% – 10% | 2022 · HS 2017 |
 Jamaica | 0% | 2023 | |
| Japan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Jordan | 2.5% | 0% – 5% | 2023 |
 Kazakhstan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Kenya | 0% | 2023 | |
 Kiribati | 10% | 2023 · HS 2002 | |
 Kuwait | 5% | 2023 | |
 Kyrgyzstan | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Laos | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Lebanon | 5% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 Lesotho | 0% | 2023 | |
 Liberia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Libya | 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Liechtenstein | 0.9%* | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Macao SAR China | 0% | 2023 | |
 Madagascar | 5% | 2023 | |
 Malawi | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Malaysia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Maldives | 20% | 2023 | |
 Mali | 5% | 2023 | |
 Mauritania | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Mauritius | 0% | 2023 | |
| Mexico | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Micronesia | 4% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Moldova | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Mongolia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Montserrat | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Morocco | 2.5% | 2023 | |
 Mozambique | 5% | 2023 | |
 Myanmar (Burma) | 3% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Namibia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Nauru | 10% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Nepal | 5% | 2023 | |
| New Zealand | 5% | 2023 | |
 Nicaragua | 0% | 2023 | |
 Niger | 5% | 2023 | |
| Nigeria | 5% | 2023 | |
| North Macedonia | 5% | 2023 | |
| Norway | 0% | 2023 | |
 Oman | 5% | 2023 | |
 Pakistan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Palau | 3% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
 Palestinian Territories | 3.3% | 0% – 10% | 2017 · HS 2017 |
 Panama | 0% | 2023 | |
 Papua New Guinea | 0% | 2023 | |
 Paraguay | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
| Peru | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Philippines | 0% | 2023 | |
 Qatar | 5% | 2023 | |
 Russia | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Rwanda | 0% | 2023 | |
 Samoa | 8% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 São Tomé & Príncipe | 10% | 2019 · HS 2017 | |
| Saudi Arabia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Senegal | 5% | 2023 | |
 Seychelles | 0% | 2023 | |
 Sierra Leone | 5% | 2023 | |
 Singapore | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Solomon Islands | 10% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Somalia | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 South Africa | 0% | 2023 | |
| South Korea | 8% | 2023 | |
 Sri Lanka | 0% | 2023 | |
 St Kitts & Nevis | 5% | 2023 | |
 St Lucia | 0% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
 St Pierre & Miquelon | 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 St Vincent & the Grenadines | 5% | 2023 | |
 Sudan | 25% | 10% – 40% | 2021 · HS 2017 |
 Suriname | 5% | 2023 · HS 2007 | |
| Switzerland | 0.5%* | 2023 | |
 Syria | 1% | 2020 · HS 2012 | |
 Tajikistan | 8% | 2021 · HS 2012 | |
 Tanzania | 0% | 2023 | |
 Thailand | 0% | 2023 | |
 Togo | 5% | 2023 | |
 Tonga | 3% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Trinidad & Tobago | 0% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
| Türkiye | 7.2% | 2023 | |
 Tuvalu | 33% | 2017 · HS 2017 | |
 Uganda | 0% | 2023 | |
 Ukraine | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 United Arab Emirates | 5% | 2023 | |
| United Kingdom | 2% | 2023 | |
| United States | 3.5% | 2023 | |
 Uruguay | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Uzbekistan | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Vanuatu | 5% | 2023 | |
 Venezuela | 14% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Vietnam | 0% | 2023 | |
 Wallis & Futuna | 10% | 2021 · HS 2012 | |
 Yemen | 5% | 2017 · HS 2017 | |
 Zambia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Zimbabwe | 0.2% | 0% – 0.4% | 2023 |
Tariff data years 2017–2023; rates may have changed since. * ad valorem equivalent of specific duties (UNCTAD estimate) · UNCTAD TRAINS, accessed via WITS (World Bank)
Classifications and correspondences
Where this HS subheading sits in the United Nations' statistical classifications, and which codes it had in earlier editions of the Harmonized System.
- SITC Rev. 4
- 72474 Machinery for washing (other than household/laundry-type machines), cleaning (other than dry-cleaning machines), wringing, pressing (including fusing presses), bleaching, dyeing, dressing, finishing (other than machines for the finishing of felt), coat
- End use (BEC Rev. 5)
- Capital goods · BEC 412010
- CPC 2.1 product
- 44629 Other machinery for textile and apparel production n.e.c.
- ISIC Rev. 4 activity
- 2826 Manufacture of machinery for textile, apparel and leather production
Earlier HS editions
| HS | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 8451.40 | changed |
| 2012 | 8451.40 | changed |
| 2007 | 8451.40 | changed |
| 2002 | 8451.40 | changed |
| 1996 | 8451.40 | changed |
| 1992 | 8451.40 | changed |
Correspondence tables of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD)
Binding rulings for similar goods 1
Decisions of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CROSS) and HMRC (Advance Tariff Rulings) on goods classified here. A ruling binds only its holder, but shows how the authorities classify similar goods. The descriptions are the authorities’ own, in English.
- H258440 U.S. CBP
Revocation of NY N255298 (July 31, 2014); Tariff classification of a solar module from an undisclosed country of origin
The UK Global Tariff has one tariff line for subheading 8451.40; the duty is 2%.
Subheading 8451.40 is a single line in the EU Combined Nomenclature, where the duty is 2.2%.
174 countries pay no duty in the UK thanks to trade agreements and preference schemes such as DCTS Comprehensive and European Union, against a standard rate of 2%.
In the UK, additional duty of 35% applies on top of the customs duty to goods from Belarus and Russia.
Imports of these goods into the UK came to £2.9m between September 2025 and August 2026 (up 12% on the year before); Spain supplied 21%, followed by Mexico.
In 2024, countries exported these goods worth US$753m (+5.4% year on year).
The largest exporter was China (US$185m), followed by Italy.
Products classified here
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for washing, bleaching or dyeing machines?
Washing, bleaching or dyeing machines fall under HS subheading 8451.40, part of heading 8451, in section XVI of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on washing, bleaching or dyeing machines in the UK?
Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 8451.40 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 2%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
What is the import duty on washing, bleaching or dyeing machines in the EU?
Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 8451.40 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 2.2%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most washing, bleaching or dyeing machines?
China, with US$185m in 2024 (24.6% of world exports).
Which countries can export these goods to the UK duty-free?
174 countries pay no duty under a trade agreement or preference scheme, among them partners under DCTS Comprehensive, European Union, DCTS Enhanced. The goods must meet the agreement’s rules of origin and the importer needs proof of origin; otherwise the standard rate of 2% applies. Pick a country above to see its rate.
Is there anti-dumping duty on these goods?
The UK charges additional duty of 35% on goods from Belarus and Russia. Lower rates apply to the named exporters listed in the measure.
Where does the UK import these goods from?
In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were Spain (21%), Mexico (20%) and China (14%), out of total imports of £2.9m.
Typical products
- bleaching machines for textiles
- dyeing machines other than domestic
- industrial washing machines
- washing machines other than domestic
Everyday names, not part of the legal text.