Subheading · Chapter 84 · Heading 8466
8466.92: For machines of heading 8465
Parts of woodworking machines
8466.92 is the HS subheading for parts of woodworking machines, under heading 8466 in chapter 84.
What you pay
Importing into UK
Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff
UK lines →- 8466 92 00 00 For machines of heading 8465
- 8466 92 20 00 Of cast iron or cast steel Free
- 8466 92 80 00 Other Free
Additional duties and import rules
Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.
Additional duties and charges 1
- Additional dutyAdditional duties 35%
- Applies to goods from
- Belarus, Russia
- Legal act
- 2022 No. 376
- Documents
- 9008
Import requirements 3
- Prohibition or restrictionImport prohibition
- Applies to goods from
- North Korea
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/411
- Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
- Applies to goods from
- Russia, Ukraine
- Legal act
- 2023 No. 440, S.I. 2022/395
- Documents
- 9011
- 9022
- 9038
- 9009
- 9010
- 9017
- Import controlImport control on restricted goods and technologies
- Applies to goods from
- Iran, North Korea
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/461, S.I. 2019/411
Preferential rates by country
| Agreement or scheme | Countries | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| standard rate (no agreement) | — | Free |
| DCTS Comprehensive | Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 38 moreAfghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia | Free |
| European Union (including code " EU") | Free | |
| DCTS Enhanced | Algeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville and 13 moreAlgeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville, Cook Islands, Kyrgyzstan, Micronesia, Mongolia, Nigeria, Niue, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu | Free |
| CARIFORUM | Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 moreAntigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago | Free |
| OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories) | Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 moreAnguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands | Free |
| Central America | Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama | Free |
| SADC EPA | Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia | Free |
| Eastern and Southern Africa States | Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe | Free |
| CPTPP | Brunei, Malaysia | Free |
| UK–Andorra agreement | Andorra | Free |
| UK–Albania agreement | Albania | Free |
| UK–Australia agreement | Australia | Free |
| UK–Canada agreement | Canada | Free |
| UK–Switzerland agreement | Switzerland | Free |
| UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement | Côte d’Ivoire | Free |
| UK–Chile agreement | Chile | Free |
| UK–Cameroon agreement | Cameroon | Free |
| UK–Colombia agreement | Colombia | Free |
| UK–Ceuta & Melilla agreement | Ceuta & Melilla | Free |
| UK–Ecuador agreement | Ecuador | Free |
| UK–Egypt agreement | Egypt | Free |
| UK–Fiji agreement | Fiji | Free |
| UK–Faroe Islands agreement | Faroe Islands | Free |
| UK–Georgia agreement | Georgia | Free |
| UK–Ghana agreement | Ghana | Free |
| DCTS Standard | Indonesia | Free |
| UK–Israel agreement | Israel | Free |
| UK–India agreement | India | Free |
| UK–Iceland agreement | Iceland | Free |
| UK–Jordan agreement | Jordan | Free |
| UK–Japan agreement | Japan | Free |
| UK–Kenya agreement | Kenya | Free |
| UK–South Korea agreement | South Korea | Free |
| UK–Lebanon agreement | Lebanon | Free |
| UK–Liechtenstein agreement | Liechtenstein | Free |
| UK–Morocco agreement | Morocco | Free |
| UK–Moldova agreement | Moldova | Free |
| UK–North Macedonia agreement | North Macedonia | Free |
| UK–Mexico agreement | Mexico | Free |
| UK–Norway agreement | Norway | Free |
| UK–New Zealand agreement | New Zealand | Free |
| UK–Peru agreement | Peru | Free |
| UK–Papua New Guinea agreement | Papua New Guinea | Free |
| UK–Palestinian Territories agreement | Palestinian Territories | Free |
| UK–Serbia agreement | Serbia | Free |
| UK–Solomon Islands agreement | Solomon Islands | Free |
| UK–Singapore agreement | Singapore | Free |
| UK–San Marino agreement | San Marino | Free |
| UK–Tunisia agreement | Tunisia | Free |
| UK–Türkiye agreement | Türkiye | Free |
| UK–Ukraine agreement | Ukraine | Free |
| UK–Vietnam agreement | Vietnam | Free |
| UK–Samoa agreement | Samoa | Free |
| UK–Kosovo agreement | Kosovo | Free |
| UK–South Africa agreement | South Africa | Free |
UK: imports by month
Main suppliers, last 12 months
| Country | Value | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
 Germany | £8.8m | 24.2% | -0.6% |
 China | £6.3m | 17.2% | +1.5% |
 Italy | £5.6m | 15.4% | +22.9% |
 Sweden | £3m | 8.3% | +140.2% |
 Austria | £2.1m | 5.7% | -9.2% |
 Czechia | £1.4m | 3.9% | +67.4% |
 United States | £1.3m | 3.6% | +2.9% |
 Denmark | £1.3m | 3.5% | -52.7% |
Same subheading in other tariffs
EU 1.2% Third-country duty 2 tariff lines 
Türkiye 1.2% Third-country duty 2 tariff lines USA Free – 4.7% General (MFN) 2 tariff lines · average 2.4% 
Canada Free Third-country duty 2 tariff lines 
Mexico Free Third-country duty 1 tariff line 
Brazil 20% Third-country duty 1 tariff line 
Argentina 12.6% Third-country duty 2 tariff lines 
Peru Free Third-country duty 1 tariff line 
New Zealand 5% Third-country duty 1 tariff line 
Japan Free Third-country duty 1 tariff line 
Taiwan 2.5% Third-country duty 1 tariff line 
GCC 5% Third-country duty 1 tariff line 
Switzerland Free Third-country duty 1 tariff line 
Norway Free Third-country duty 1 tariff line 
North Macedonia Free Third-country duty 2 tariff lines 
Nigeria 5% Third-country duty 1 tariff line World trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$76kUS$76k+US$4m+US$31m+> US$105m
Exports: 140
- Germany: US$360m
- China: US$271m
- Canada: US$262m
- Italy: US$221m
- United States: US$105m
- Austria: US$99m
- Taiwan: US$86m
- Poland: US$79m
- Czechia: US$59m
- Switzerland: US$47m
- Finland: US$40m
- Japan: US$34m
- Sweden: US$33m
- Spain: US$31m
- Belgium: US$20m
- Slovenia: US$19m
- United Kingdom: US$17m
- Netherlands: US$16m
- France: US$15m
- Denmark: US$15m
- Slovakia: US$15m
- Türkiye: US$14m
- South Korea: US$12m
- India: US$9m
- Portugal: US$7m
- Vietnam: US$7m
- Luxembourg: US$6m
- Latvia: US$6m
- Australia: US$6m
- Estonia: US$6m
- Norway: US$5m
- Hungary: US$5m
- Romania: US$4m
- Malaysia: US$4m
- Brazil: US$3m
- Singapore: US$3m
- Lithuania: US$3m
- Bosnia & Herzegovina: US$2m
- Croatia: US$2m
- Thailand: US$2m
- Bulgaria: US$2m
- Mexico: US$2m
- Serbia: US$2m
- New Zealand: US$1m
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$1m
- Israel: US$1m
- Ukraine: US$927k
- Malta: US$921k
- Ireland: US$867k
- Cambodia: US$828k
- San Marino: US$673k
- South Africa: US$617k
- United Arab Emirates: US$516k
- Greece: US$444k
- Moldova: US$332k
- Philippines: US$305k
- Chile: US$283k
- Costa Rica: US$244k
- Argentina: US$229k
- Indonesia: US$211k
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$331kUS$331k+US$4m+US$27m+> US$60m
Imports: 204
- United States: US$439m
- Germany: US$247m
- Austria: US$119m
- Canada: US$83m
- Vietnam: US$73m
- France: US$72m
- Poland: US$60m
- United Kingdom: US$49m
- Italy: US$46m
- Taiwan: US$42m
- China: US$37m
- Mexico: US$37m
- Sweden: US$37m
- Switzerland: US$34m
- Netherlands: US$33m
- Spain: US$30m
- Australia: US$29m
- Türkiye: US$28m
- Czechia: US$28m
- Japan: US$28m
- Belgium: US$27m
- India: US$26m
- Portugal: US$21m
- Finland: US$18m
- Brazil: US$15m
- Norway: US$15m
- Romania: US$15m
- Chile: US$14m
- Malaysia: US$13m
- Latvia: US$13m
- Indonesia: US$13m
- Denmark: US$12m
- Russia: US$11m
- New Zealand: US$10m
- Slovakia: US$9m
- Thailand: US$9m
- Lithuania: US$9m
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$9m
- Singapore: US$9m
- Ireland: US$8m
- South Africa: US$8m
- Estonia: US$7m
- South Korea: US$7m
- Slovenia: US$6m
- Ukraine: US$5m
- Hungary: US$5m
- Serbia: US$5m
- Croatia: US$5m
- Greece: US$5m
- Luxembourg: US$5m
- Bulgaria: US$4m
- Morocco: US$4m
- United Arab Emirates: US$4m
- Bosnia & Herzegovina: US$3m
- Argentina: US$3m
- Belarus: US$3m
- Philippines: US$3m
- Kyrgyzstan: US$3m
- Saudi Arabia: US$2m
- Colombia: US$2m
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | US$360m | 18.3% |
| 2 | China | US$271m | 13.8% |
| 3 | Canada | US$262m | 13.3% |
| 4 | Italy | US$221m | 11.2% |
| 5 | United States | US$105m | 5.3% |
| 6 | Austria | US$99m | 5% |
| 7 | Taiwan | US$86m | 4.4% |
| 8 |  Poland | US$79m | 4% |
| 9 | Czechia | US$59m | 3% |
| 10 | Switzerland | US$47m | 2.4% |
Top importers
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | US$439m | 22.3% |
| 2 | Germany | US$247m | 12.6% |
| 3 | Austria | US$119m | 6% |
| 4 | Canada | US$83m | 4.2% |
| 5 |  Vietnam | US$73m | 3.7% |
| 6 |  France | US$72m | 3.7% |
| 7 | Poland | US$60m | 3% |
| 8 | United Kingdom | US$49m | 2.5% |
| 9 | Italy | US$46m | 2.3% |
| 10 | Taiwan | US$42m | 2.1% |
Import duty on this product around the world 165
The most-favoured-nation (MFN) duty each country applies to goods of this HS subheading: the average over its national tariff lines, with the lowest and highest line where they differ. Goods from countries with a trade agreement often pay less.
- 5%median duty
- 65number of duty-free countries (MFN)
- 45%highest: Bahamas, Bermuda, Cayman Islands
165
| Importing country | MFN duty | lines from – to | data year |
|---|---|---|---|
 Afghanistan | 5% | 2018 · HS 2012 | |
 Albania | 0% | 2023 | |
 Algeria | 5% | 2023 | |
 Angola | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Anguilla | 20% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Antigua & Barbuda | 5% | 2021 · HS 2007 | |
| Argentina | 14% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Armenia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Aruba | 12% | 2021 · HS 2012 | |
 Australia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Azerbaijan | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Bahamas | 45% | 2022 | |
 Bahrain | 5% | 2023 | |
 Bangladesh | 1% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Barbados | 5% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Belarus | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Belize | 5% | 2023 | |
 Benin | 5% | 2023 | |
 Bermuda | 25% | 2023 | |
 Bhutan | 10% | 2022 | |
 Bolivia | 10% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Bosnia & Herzegovina | 5% | 2022 | |
 Botswana | 0% | 2023 | |
| Brazil | 14% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Brunei | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Burkina Faso | 5% | 2023 | |
 Burundi | 0% | 2023 | |
 Cambodia | 15% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Cameroon | 10% | 2023 | |
| Canada | 0% | 2023 | |
 Cape Verde | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Cayman Islands | 22% | 2021 · HS 2002 | |
 Central African Republic | 10% | 2023 | |
 Chad | 10% | 2023 | |
 Chile | 6% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
| China | 6% | 2023 | |
 Colombia | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Comoros | 20% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Congo - Brazzaville | 10% | 2023 | |
 Cook Islands | 0% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Costa Rica | 0% | 2023 | |
 Côte d’Ivoire | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Cuba | 10% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Dominica | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Dominican Republic | 0% | 2023 | |
 Ecuador | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Egypt | 0% | 2019 · HS 2017 | |
 El Salvador | 0% | 2022 | |
 Equatorial Guinea | 10% | 2023 | |
 Eswatini | 0% | 2023 | |
 Ethiopia | 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
| European Union (27 countries) | 1.2% | 2023 | |
 Fiji | 0% | 2023 | |
 French Polynesia | 10% | 2023 | |
 Gabon | 10% | 2023 | |
 Gambia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Georgia | 0% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Ghana | 5% | 2023 | |
 Gibraltar | 12% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Grenada | 5% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
 Guatemala | 0% | 2023 | |
 Guinea | 5% | 2023 | |
 Guinea-Bissau | 5% | 2023 | |
 Guyana | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Haiti | 5% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 Honduras | 0% | 2023 | |
 Hong Kong SAR China | 0% | 2023 | |
 Iceland | 0% | 2023 | |
 India | 7.5% | 2023 | |
 Indonesia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Iran | 5% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 Israel | 10% | 8% – 12% | 2022 · HS 2017 |
 Jamaica | 0% | 2023 | |
| Japan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Jordan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Kazakhstan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Kenya | 0% | 2023 | |
 Kiribati | 0% | 2023 · HS 2002 | |
 Kuwait | 5% | 2023 | |
 Kyrgyzstan | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Laos | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Lebanon | 0% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 Lesotho | 0% | 2023 | |
 Liberia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Libya | 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Liechtenstein | 1.3%* | 1.1% – 1.6% | 2021 · HS 2017 |
 Macao SAR China | 0% | 2023 | |
 Madagascar | 10% | 2023 | |
 Malawi | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Malaysia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Maldives | 20% | 2023 | |
 Mali | 5% | 2023 | |
 Mauritania | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Mauritius | 0% | 2023 | |
| Mexico | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Micronesia | 4% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Moldova | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Mongolia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Montserrat | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Morocco | 2.5% | 2023 | |
 Mozambique | 5% | 2023 | |
 Myanmar (Burma) | 3% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Namibia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Nauru | 10% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Nepal | 5% | 2023 | |
| New Zealand | 5% | 2023 | |
 Nicaragua | 0% | 2023 | |
 Niger | 5% | 2023 | |
| Nigeria | 5% | 2023 | |
| North Macedonia | 0% | 2023 | |
| Norway | 0% | 2023 | |
 Oman | 5% | 2023 | |
 Pakistan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Palau | 3% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
 Palestinian Territories | 10% | 8% – 12% | 2017 · HS 2017 |
 Panama | 0% | 2023 | |
 Papua New Guinea | 0% | 2023 | |
 Paraguay | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
| Peru | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Philippines | 1% | 2023 | |
 Qatar | 5% | 2023 | |
 Russia | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Rwanda | 0% | 2023 | |
 Samoa | 8% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 São Tomé & Príncipe | 10% | 2019 · HS 2017 | |
 Saudi Arabia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Senegal | 5% | 2023 | |
 Seychelles | 0% | 2023 | |
 Sierra Leone | 5% | 2023 | |
 Singapore | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Solomon Islands | 10% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Somalia | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 South Africa | 0% | 2023 | |
 South Korea | 8% | 2023 | |
 Sri Lanka | 0% | 2023 | |
 St Kitts & Nevis | 0% | 2023 | |
 St Lucia | 0% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
 St Pierre & Miquelon | 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 St Vincent & the Grenadines | 5% | 2023 | |
 Sudan | 10% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Suriname | 5% | 2023 · HS 2007 | |
| Switzerland | 1.4%* | 1.1% – 1.6% | 2023 |
 Syria | 1% | 2020 · HS 2012 | |
 Tajikistan | 6% | 2021 · HS 2012 | |
 Tanzania | 0% | 2023 | |
 Thailand | 0% | 2023 | |
 Togo | 5% | 2023 | |
 Tonga | 3% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Trinidad & Tobago | 0% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
| Türkiye | 7.2% | 6.2% – 8.2% | 2023 |
 Tuvalu | 0% | 2017 · HS 2017 | |
 Uganda | 0% | 2023 | |
 Ukraine | 2% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 United Arab Emirates | 5% | 2023 | |
| United Kingdom | 0% | 2023 | |
| United States | 2.4% | 0% – 4.7% | 2023 |
 Uruguay | 2% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Uzbekistan | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Vanuatu | 0% | 2023 | |
 Venezuela | 14% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
| Vietnam | 0% | 2023 | |
 Wallis & Futuna | 10% | 2021 · HS 2012 | |
 Yemen | 5% | 2017 · HS 2017 | |
 Zambia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Zimbabwe | 0.1% | 2023 |
Tariff data years 2017–2023; rates may have changed since. * ad valorem equivalent of specific duties (UNCTAD estimate) · UNCTAD TRAINS, accessed via WITS (World Bank)
Classifications and correspondences
Where this HS subheading sits in the United Nations' statistical classifications, and which codes it had in earlier editions of the Harmonized System.
- SITC Rev. 4
- 72819 Parts & accessories suitable for use solely/principally with the machine tools of subgroup 728.1
- End use (BEC Rev. 5)
- Intermediate goods · BEC 311220
- CPC 2.1 product
- 44252 Parts and accessories for the goods of subclass 44221; parts and accessories of machine tools for working wood, bone, hard plastics and the like
- ISIC Rev. 4 activity
- 2822 Manufacture of metal-forming machinery and machine tools
Earlier HS editions
| HS | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 8466.92 | changed |
| 2012 | 8466.92 | changed |
| 2007 | 8466.92 | changed |
| 2002 | 8466.92 | changed |
| 1996 | 8466.92 | changed |
| 1992 | 8466.92 | changed |
Correspondence tables of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD)
Recent rule changes mentioning this code
Acts whose text cites this code or its heading. Check the act itself: a code can be cited for reasons other than a change of its duty.
- Sanctions · Applies from:
The Russia (Sanctions) (EU Exit) (Amendment) Regulations 2026
S.I. 2026/543 · Source: legislation.gov.uk
In the UK Global Tariff, subheading 8466.92 covers 2 tariff lines and the duty is duty-free.
The EU Combined Nomenclature divides subheading 8466.92 into 2 tariff lines; the duty is 1.2%.
Goods from 174 countries can enter the UK at a preferential rate instead of the standard Free; 174 of them pay no duty at all, for example under DCTS Comprehensive or European Union.
In the UK, additional duty of 35% applies on top of the customs duty to goods from Belarus and Russia.
In the 12 months to August 2026, the UK imported parts of woodworking machines worth £36.5m (up 4% on the year before), at an average of £10.22 per kg; Germany supplied 24%, followed by China.
World trade in parts of woodworking machines reached US$2bn in 2024, up 1.6% on 2023.
Germany was the largest exporter with 18.3% of the total, ahead of China.
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for for machines of heading 8465?
For machines of heading 8465 fall under HS subheading 8466.92, part of heading 8466, in section XVI of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on for machines of heading 8465 in the UK?
Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 8466.92 from countries without a preferential agreement are free of duty. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
What is the import duty on for machines of heading 8465 in the EU?
Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 8466.92 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 1.2%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most for machines of heading 8465?
Germany, with US$360m in 2024 (18.3% of world exports).
Which countries can export parts of woodworking machines to the UK duty-free?
174 countries pay no duty under a trade agreement or preference scheme, among them partners under DCTS Comprehensive, European Union, DCTS Enhanced. The goods must meet the agreement’s rules of origin and the importer needs proof of origin; otherwise the standard rate of Free applies. Pick a country above to see its rate.
Is there anti-dumping duty on parts of woodworking machines?
The UK charges additional duty of 35% on goods from Belarus and Russia. Lower rates apply to the named exporters listed in the measure.
Where does the UK import parts of woodworking machines from?
In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were Germany (24%), China (17%) and Italy (15%), out of total imports of £36.5m.