Subheading · Chapter 81 · Heading 8112
8112.31: Unwrought; waste and scrap; powders
Subheading 8112.31 belongs to heading 8112 (beryllium, chromium, hafnium, rhenium, thallium, cadmium, germanium, vanadium…) in chapter 81.
What you pay
Importing into UK
Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff
UK lines →- 8112 31 00 00 Unwrought; waste and scrap; powders Free
Additional duties and import rules
Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.
Additional duties and charges 2
- Additional dutyAdditional duties 35%
- Applies to goods from
- Belarus, Russia
- Legal act
- 2022 No. 598
- Documents
- 9014
- Duty suspensionAirworthiness tariff suspension Free
- Applies to goods from
- all countries
- Legal act
- S.I. 2018/1249
- Documents
- C119 Authorised Release Certificate — EASA Form 1 (Appendix I to Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012), or equivalent certificate
Import requirements 5
- Prohibition or restrictionImport prohibition
- Applies to goods from
- North Korea
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/411
- Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
- Applies to goods from
- Belarus, Russia, Ukraine
- Legal act
- 2022 No. 748, S.I. 2019/855, S.I. 2022/395
- Documents
- 9024
- 9032
- 9011
- 9022
- 9064
- 9009
- 9010
- 9017
- Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
- Applies to goods from
- Syria
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/792
- Import controlImport control on restricted goods and technologies
- Applies to goods from
- Iran, Libya, North Korea, Russia
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/461, S.I. 2019/411, 2020 No. 1665, S.I. 2019/855
- Import controlImport control - Waste
- Applies to goods from
- all countries
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/590
- Documents
- C672 Information document accompanying shipments of waste as mentioned in Regulation (EU) 2024/1157 – Article 18 and Annex VII
- C669 Notification document as mentioned in Regulation (EU) 2024/1157 - Article 5 and Annex IA
- Y923 Product not subjected to the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2024/1157
- C670 Movement document as mentioned in Regulation (EU) 2024/1157 – Article 5 and Annex IB
Preferential rates by country
| Agreement or scheme | Countries | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| standard rate (no agreement) | — | Free |
| DCTS Comprehensive | Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 38 moreAfghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia | Free |
| European Union (including code "EU") | Free | |
| CARIFORUM | Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 moreAntigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago | Free |
| OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories) | Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 moreAnguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands | Free |
| Central America | Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama | Free |
| SADC EPA | Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia | Free |
| Eastern and Southern Africa States | Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe | Free |
| CPTPP | Brunei, Malaysia | Free |
| UK–Andorra agreement | Andorra | Free |
| UK–Albania agreement | Albania | Free |
| UK–Australia agreement | Australia | Free |
| UK–Canada agreement | Canada | Free |
| UK–Switzerland agreement | Switzerland | Free |
| UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement | Côte d’Ivoire | Free |
| UK–Chile agreement | Chile | Free |
| UK–Cameroon agreement | Cameroon | Free |
| UK–Colombia agreement | Colombia | Free |
| UK–Ceuta & Melilla agreement | Ceuta & Melilla | Free |
| UK–Ecuador agreement | Ecuador | Free |
| UK–Egypt agreement | Egypt | Free |
| UK–Fiji agreement | Fiji | Free |
| UK–Faroe Islands agreement | Faroe Islands | Free |
| UK–Georgia agreement | Georgia | Free |
| UK–Ghana agreement | Ghana | Free |
| UK–Israel agreement | Israel | Free |
| UK–India agreement | India | Free |
| UK–Iceland agreement | Iceland | Free |
| UK–Jordan agreement | Jordan | Free |
| UK–Japan agreement | Japan | Free |
| UK–Kenya agreement | Kenya | Free |
| UK–South Korea agreement | South Korea | Free |
| UK–Lebanon agreement | Lebanon | Free |
| UK–Liechtenstein agreement | Liechtenstein | Free |
| UK–Morocco agreement | Morocco | Free |
| UK–Moldova agreement | Moldova | Free |
| UK–North Macedonia agreement | North Macedonia | Free |
| UK–Mexico agreement | Mexico | Free |
| UK–Norway agreement | Norway | Free |
| UK–New Zealand agreement | New Zealand | Free |
| UK–Peru agreement | Peru | Free |
| UK–Papua New Guinea agreement | Papua New Guinea | Free |
| UK–Palestinian Territories agreement | Palestinian Territories | Free |
| UK–Serbia agreement | Serbia | Free |
| UK–Solomon Islands agreement | Solomon Islands | Free |
| UK–Singapore agreement | Singapore | Free |
| UK–San Marino agreement | San Marino | Free |
| UK–Tunisia agreement | Tunisia | Free |
| UK–Türkiye agreement | Türkiye | Free |
| UK–Ukraine agreement | Ukraine | Free |
| UK–Vietnam agreement | Vietnam | Free |
| UK–Samoa agreement | Samoa | Free |
| UK–Kosovo agreement | Kosovo | Free |
| UK–South Africa agreement | South Africa | Free |
UK: imports by month
Main suppliers, last 12 months
| Country | Value | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
 China | £35.6m | 34.7% | +139.9% |
 Germany | £28.3m | 27.6% | +565% |
 United States | £9.7m | 9.4% | +814.8% |
 France | £9.1m | 8.9% | +156.4% |
 Ethiopia | £6.9m | 6.8% | +223.8% |
 Estonia | £4.9m | 4.8% | +337.8% |
 Thailand | £4.8m | 4.7% | +396% |
 Switzerland | £3.2m | 3.1% | — |
Same subheading in other tariffs
EU 3% Third-country duty 1 tariff line 
Türkiye 3% Third-country duty 2 tariff lines USA Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Canada Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Mexico Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Brazil Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Argentina Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Peru Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
New Zealand Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Japan Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Taiwan Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
GCC 5% General (MFN) 1 tariff line Switzerland Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Norway Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
North Macedonia Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Nigeria 5% General (MFN) 1 tariff line World trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$221kUS$221k+US$3m+US$28m+> US$120m
Exports: 32
- Germany: US$120m
- China: US$83m
- United Kingdom: US$28m
- United States: US$23m
- France: US$22m
- Canada: US$10m
- Netherlands: US$3m
- Kyrgyzstan: US$3m
- Estonia: US$3m
- Ukraine: US$2m
- Kazakhstan: US$2m
- Thailand: US$2m
- Switzerland: US$589k
- Austria: US$251k
- Japan: US$221k
- South Korea: US$86k
- Singapore: US$81k
- Spain: US$64k
- India: US$15k
- Russia: US$14k
- Taiwan: US$14k
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$14k
- Australia: US$13k
- Türkiye: US$10k
- Romania: US$7k
- Italy: US$3k
- Belgium: US$2k
- Sweden: US$900
- Poland: US$500
- Portugal: US$100
- Costa Rica: US$0
- Malaysia: US$0
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$70kUS$70k+US$1m+US$14m+> US$53m
Imports: 40
- United States: US$159m
- Germany: US$53m
- United Kingdom: US$46m
- Canada: US$14m
- Australia: US$8m
- Thailand: US$6m
- Japan: US$5m
- France: US$4m
- Slovenia: US$1m
- Belgium: US$1m
- Netherlands: US$1m
- Taiwan: US$964k
- Ireland: US$376k
- India: US$293k
- Sweden: US$226k
- Austria: US$172k
- Switzerland: US$125k
- Italy: US$113k
- South Korea: US$70k
- Malaysia: US$33k
- Türkiye: US$31k
- Czechia: US$31k
- Portugal: US$27k
- Spain: US$20k
- Hungary: US$7k
- Morocco: US$3k
- Poland: US$3k
- Lithuania: US$2k
- Greece: US$2k
- Norway: US$1k
- Israel: US$1k
- Brazil: US$900
- Saudi Arabia: US$700
- Slovakia: US$500
- Niger: US$400
- New Zealand: US$400
- Bulgaria: US$200
- Bahamas: US$0
- Singapore: US$0
- Vietnam: US$0
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | US$120m | 39.8% |
| 2 | China | US$83m | 27.4% |
| 3 | United Kingdom | US$28m | 9.2% |
| 4 | United States | US$23m | 7.5% |
| 5 | France | US$22m | 7.2% |
| 6 | Canada | US$10m | 3.3% |
| 7 |  Netherlands | US$3m | 1.1% |
| 8 |  Kyrgyzstan | US$3m | 1% |
| 9 | Estonia | US$3m | 1% |
| 10 |  Ukraine | US$2m | 0.8% |
Top importers
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | US$159m | 52.8% |
| 2 | Germany | US$53m | 17.7% |
| 3 | United Kingdom | US$46m | 15.2% |
| 4 | Canada | US$14m | 4.7% |
| 5 |  Australia | US$8m | 2.6% |
| 6 | Thailand | US$6m | 2.1% |
| 7 | Japan | US$5m | 1.6% |
| 8 | France | US$4m | 1.2% |
| 9 |  Slovenia | US$1m | 0.5% |
| 10 |  Belgium | US$1m | 0.4% |
Import duty on this product around the world 93
The most-favoured-nation (MFN) duty each country applies to goods of this HS subheading: the average over its national tariff lines, with the lowest and highest line where they differ. Goods from countries with a trade agreement often pay less.
- 3%median duty
- 41number of duty-free countries (MFN)
- 45%highest: Bahamas, Bermuda, Algeria
93
| Importing country | MFN duty | lines from – to | data year |
|---|---|---|---|
 Albania | 0% | 2023 | |
 Algeria | 15% | 2023 | |
 Armenia | 10% | 2023 | |
| Australia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Bahamas | 45% | 2022 | |
 Bahrain | 5% | 2023 | |
 Belize | 0% | 2023 | |
 Benin | 5% | 2023 | |
 Bermuda | 25% | 2023 | |
 Bhutan | 10% | 2022 | |
 Bosnia & Herzegovina | 0% | 2022 | |
 Botswana | 0% | 2023 | |
 Burkina Faso | 5% | 2023 | |
 Burundi | 0% | 2023 | |
 Cameroon | 10% | 2023 | |
| Canada | 0% | 2023 | |
 Central African Republic | 10% | 2023 | |
 Chad | 10% | 2023 | |
| China | 3% | 2023 | |
 Congo - Brazzaville | 10% | 2023 | |
 Costa Rica | 0% | 2023 | |
 Dominican Republic | 3% | 2023 | |
 El Salvador | 0% | 2022 | |
 Equatorial Guinea | 10% | 2023 | |
 Eswatini | 0% | 2023 | |
| European Union (27 countries) | 3% | 2023 | |
 Fiji | 5% | 2023 | |
 French Polynesia | 4% | 2023 | |
 Gabon | 10% | 2023 | |
 Gambia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Ghana | 5% | 2023 | |
 Guatemala | 0% | 2023 | |
 Guinea | 5% | 2023 | |
 Guinea-Bissau | 5% | 2023 | |
 Honduras | 0% | 2023 | |
 Hong Kong SAR China | 0% | 2023 | |
 Iceland | 0% | 2023 | |
 India | 10% | 2023 | |
 Indonesia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Jamaica | 0% | 2023 | |
| Japan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Jordan | 5% | 2023 | |
 Kazakhstan | 10% | 2023 | |
 Kenya | 0% | 2023 | |
 Kuwait | 5% | 2023 | |
 Lesotho | 0% | 2023 | |
 Liberia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Macao SAR China | 0% | 2023 | |
 Madagascar | 10% | 2023 | |
 Malaysia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Maldives | 5% | 2023 | |
 Mali | 5% | 2023 | |
 Mauritius | 0% | 2023 | |
 Mongolia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Morocco | 2.5% | 2023 | |
 Mozambique | 2.5% | 2023 | |
 Namibia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Nepal | 15% | 2023 | |
| New Zealand | 0% | 2023 | |
 Nicaragua | 0% | 2023 | |
 Niger | 5% | 2023 | |
| Nigeria | 5% | 2023 | |
| North Macedonia | 0% | 2023 | |
| Norway | 0% | 2023 | |
 Oman | 5% | 2023 | |
 Pakistan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Panama | 10% | 2023 | |
 Papua New Guinea | 0% | 2023 | |
 Philippines | 3% | 2023 | |
 Qatar | 5% | 2023 | |
 Rwanda | 0% | 2023 | |
 Saudi Arabia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Senegal | 5% | 2023 | |
 Seychelles | 0% | 2023 | |
 Sierra Leone | 5% | 2023 | |
 South Africa | 0% | 2023 | |
 South Korea | 3% | 2023 | |
 Sri Lanka | 0% | 2023 | |
 St Kitts & Nevis | 0% | 2023 | |
 St Vincent & the Grenadines | 0% | 2023 | |
| Switzerland | 0%* | 2023 | |
 Tanzania | 0% | 2023 | |
| Thailand | 0% | 2023 | |
 Togo | 5% | 2023 | |
| Türkiye | 3% | 2023 | |
 Uganda | 0% | 2023 | |
 United Arab Emirates | 5% | 2023 | |
| United Kingdom | 0% | 2023 | |
| United States | 0% | 2023 | |
 Vanuatu | 0% | 2023 | |
 Vietnam | 0% | 2023 | |
 Zambia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Zimbabwe | 0.1% | 2023 |
Tariff data years 2022–2023; rates may have changed since. * ad valorem equivalent of specific duties (UNCTAD estimate) · UNCTAD TRAINS, accessed via WITS (World Bank)
Classifications and correspondences
Where this HS subheading sits in the United Nations' statistical classifications, and which codes it had in earlier editions of the Harmonized System.
- SITC Rev. 4
- 68998 Other base metals, unwrought; waste & scrap; powders
- End use (BEC Rev. 5)
- Intermediate goods · BEC 311210
- CPC 2.1 product
- 41601 Tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, magnesium, cobalt, cadmium, titanium, zirconium, beryllium, gallium, hafnium, indium, niobium, rhenium and thallium, germanium and vanadium, unwrought, and powders thereof, except powders of magnesium; waste and scrap of gallium, hafnium, indium, niobium, rhenium, germanium and vanadium; cobalt mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy
- ISIC Rev. 4 activity
- 2420 Manufacture of basic precious and other non-ferrous metals
Earlier HS editions
| HS | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 8112.92 | changed |
| 2012 | 8112.92 | changed |
| 2007 | 8112.92 | changed |
| 2002 | 8112.30, 8112.40, 8112.92 | changed |
| 1996 | 8112.30, 8112.40, 8112.91 | changed |
| 1992 | 8112.30, 8112.40, 8112.91 | changed |
Correspondence tables of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD)
Recent rule changes mentioning this code
Acts whose text cites this code or its heading. Check the act itself: a code can be cited for reasons other than a change of its duty.
- Tariff change
UK Trade Tariff: measure changes on 1015 commodity codes
Trade Tariff changes 2026-09-29 · Source: trade-tariff.service.gov.uk
Code history
Since 2022; before, these goods were classified under 8112.92.
The UK Global Tariff has one tariff line for subheading 8112.31; the duty is duty-free.
Subheading 8112.31 is a single line in the EU Combined Nomenclature, where the duty is 3%.
156 countries pay no duty in the UK thanks to trade agreements and preference schemes such as DCTS Comprehensive and European Union, against a standard rate of Free.
In the UK, additional duty of 35% applies on top of the customs duty to goods from Belarus and Russia.
Imports of these goods into the UK came to £102.6m between September 2025 and August 2026 (up 240% on the year before); China supplied 35%, followed by Germany.
In 2024, countries exported these goods worth US$302m (+23.3% year on year).
The largest exporter was Germany (US$120m), followed by China.
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for unwrought; waste and scrap; powders?
Unwrought; waste and scrap; powders fall under HS subheading 8112.31, part of heading 8112, in section XV of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on unwrought; waste and scrap; powders in the UK?
Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 8112.31 from countries without a preferential agreement are free of duty. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
What is the import duty on unwrought; waste and scrap; powders in the EU?
Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 8112.31 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 3%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most unwrought; waste and scrap; powders?
Germany, with US$120m in 2024 (39.8% of world exports).
Which countries can export these goods to the UK duty-free?
156 countries pay no duty under a trade agreement or preference scheme, among them partners under DCTS Comprehensive, European Union, CARIFORUM. The goods must meet the agreement’s rules of origin and the importer needs proof of origin; otherwise the standard rate of Free applies. Pick a country above to see its rate.
Is there anti-dumping duty on these goods?
The UK charges additional duty of 35% on goods from Belarus and Russia. Lower rates apply to the named exporters listed in the measure.
Where does the UK import these goods from?
In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were China (35%), Germany (28%) and United States (9%), out of total imports of £102.6m.