Chapter
Chapter 91: Clocks and watches and parts thereof
Chapter 91 of the Harmonized System has 14 headings and belongs to section XVIII (optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; clocks and watches; musical instruments; parts and accessories thereof).
Duty rates compared
UK Free – 6% Third-country duty 65 tariff lines · average 1.6% · 13× specific or compound duty 
EU 2.7% – 6% Third-country duty 51 tariff lines · average 4.1% · 20× specific or compound duty 
Türkiye 2.7% – 6% Third-country duty 68 tariff lines · average 4.4% · 28× specific or compound duty 
USA Free – 14% General (MFN) 174 tariff lines · average 3.8% · 126× specific or compound duty 
Canada Free – 14% General (MFN) 63 tariff lines · average 3.7% 
Mexico Free General (MFN) 53 tariff lines 
Brazil 16.2% – 20% General (MFN) 56 tariff lines · average 17.2% 
Argentina 18% – 20% General (MFN) 239 tariff lines · average 19.7% 
Peru Free – 6% General (MFN) 53 tariff lines · average 2.7% 
New Zealand Free – 5% General (MFN) 83 tariff lines · average 0.1% · 3× specific or compound duty 
Japan Free – 16% General (MFN) 52 tariff lines · average 0.7% 
Taiwan Free – 5% General (MFN) 56 tariff lines · average 3.4% 
GCC 5% General (MFN) 108 tariff lines 
Switzerland Free General (MFN) 48 tariff lines 
Norway Free General (MFN) 50 tariff lines 
North Macedonia 5% General (MFN) 55 tariff lines 
Nigeria 10% – 20% General (MFN) 48 tariff lines · average 19.4% Headings 14
- 9101Wristwatches, pocket-watches and other watches, including stopwatches, with case of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal
- 9102Wristwatches, pocket-watches and other watches, including stopwatches, other than those of heading 9101
- 9103Clocks with watch movements, excluding clocks of heading 9104
- 9104Instrument panel clocks and clocks of a similar type for vehicles, aircraft, spacecraft or vessels
- 9105Other clocks
- 9106Time of day recording apparatus and apparatus for measuring, recording or otherwise indicating intervals of time, with clock or watch movement or with synchronous motor (for example, time-registers, time-recorders)
- 9107Time switches, with clock or watch movement or with synchronous motor
- 9108Watch movements, complete and assembled
- 9109Clock movements, complete and assembled
- 9110Complete watch or clock movements, unassembled or partly assembled (movement sets); incomplete watch or clock movements, assembled; rough watch or clock movements
- 9111Watch cases and parts thereof
- 9112Clock cases and cases of a similar type for other goods of this chapter, and parts thereof
- 9113Watch straps, watch bands and watch bracelets, and parts thereof
- 9114Other clock or watch parts
EU: imports by month
World trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$630kUS$630k+US$18m+US$173m+> US$1.3bn
Exports: 205
- Switzerland: US$30.9bn
- China: US$7bn
- France: US$2.5bn
- Germany: US$1.8bn
- Japan: US$1.8bn
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$1.4bn
- Singapore: US$1.3bn
- United States: US$1.1bn
- United Kingdom: US$967m
- Italy: US$966m
- Thailand: US$921m
- Netherlands: US$451m
- Spain: US$429m
- United Arab Emirates: US$310m
- Malaysia: US$271m
- Taiwan: US$263m
- Vietnam: US$216m
- Ireland: US$211m
- Macao SAR China: US$198m
- Austria: US$184m
- Philippines: US$173m
- Portugal: US$161m
- Saudi Arabia: US$152m
- South Korea: US$145m
- Poland: US$142m
- Czechia: US$120m
- Belgium: US$120m
- Australia: US$111m
- Canada: US$86m
- Sweden: US$82m
- India: US$80m
- Mexico: US$76m
- Greece: US$68m
- Türkiye: US$67m
- Oman: US$67m
- Denmark: US$64m
- Hungary: US$63m
- Slovakia: US$63m
- Bahrain: US$53m
- Indonesia: US$44m
- Israel: US$44m
- Lithuania: US$42m
- Kuwait: US$37m
- Slovenia: US$33m
- Mauritius: US$29m
- Latvia: US$28m
- Qatar: US$26m
- Cyprus: US$23m
- Croatia: US$19m
- Luxembourg: US$18m
- Romania: US$18m
- New Zealand: US$17m
- North Korea: US$17m
- Bulgaria: US$15m
- South Africa: US$13m
- Panama: US$13m
- Estonia: US$12m
- Russia: US$12m
- Finland: US$11m
- Tunisia: US$11m
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$12mUS$12m+US$66m+US$557m+> US$2.8bn
Imports: 221
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$7.1bn
- United States: US$6.9bn
- Switzerland: US$3.6bn
- Japan: US$3.4bn
- China: US$2.9bn
- France: US$2.8bn
- Germany: US$2.8bn
- Singapore: US$2.4bn
- United Kingdom: US$2.4bn
- United Arab Emirates: US$2.2bn
- Italy: US$1.7bn
- Spain: US$1.2bn
- South Korea: US$1bn
- Netherlands: US$925m
- Australia: US$756m
- Taiwan: US$703m
- India: US$653m
- Canada: US$628m
- Thailand: US$613m
- Mexico: US$597m
- Malaysia: US$571m
- Türkiye: US$557m
- Saudi Arabia: US$527m
- Poland: US$522m
- Austria: US$495m
- Qatar: US$410m
- Ireland: US$359m
- Kuwait: US$321m
- Belgium: US$306m
- Russia: US$299m
- Philippines: US$286m
- Vietnam: US$284m
- Czechia: US$268m
- Portugal: US$266m
- Macao SAR China: US$252m
- Indonesia: US$246m
- Sweden: US$231m
- Brazil: US$206m
- Denmark: US$194m
- Greece: US$194m
- Bahrain: US$188m
- Israel: US$155m
- Norway: US$131m
- Slovakia: US$130m
- South Africa: US$129m
- Oman: US$111m
- Kazakhstan: US$102m
- Lebanon: US$94m
- Romania: US$93m
- Jordan: US$90m
- Colombia: US$88m
- Hungary: US$83m
- Finland: US$72m
- New Zealand: US$72m
- Croatia: US$66m
- Cyprus: US$63m
- Slovenia: US$61m
- Luxembourg: US$59m
- Serbia: US$58m
- Lithuania: US$57m
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Switzerland | US$30.9bn | 55.5% |
| 2 |  China | US$7bn | 12.6% |
| 3 |  France | US$2.5bn | 4.5% |
| 4 |  Germany | US$1.8bn | 3.2% |
| 5 | Japan | US$1.8bn | 3.2% |
| 6 |  Hong Kong SAR China | US$1.4bn | 2.5% |
| 7 |  Singapore | US$1.3bn | 2.3% |
| 8 | United States | US$1.1bn | 1.9% |
| 9 | United Kingdom | US$967m | 1.7% |
| 10 |  Italy | US$966m | 1.7% |
Top importers
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hong Kong SAR China | US$7.1bn | 12.8% |
| 2 | United States | US$6.9bn | 12.5% |
| 3 | Switzerland | US$3.6bn | 6.5% |
| 4 | Japan | US$3.4bn | 6% |
| 5 | China | US$2.9bn | 5.2% |
| 6 | France | US$2.8bn | 5% |
| 7 | Germany | US$2.8bn | 5% |
| 8 | Singapore | US$2.4bn | 4.3% |
| 9 | United Kingdom | US$2.4bn | 4.3% |
| 10 |  United Arab Emirates | US$2.2bn | 4% |
The UK Global Tariff divides chapter 91 into 65 tariff lines; the duty is between 0% and 6% (average 1.6%). 32 of them are duty-free. 13 lines have a specific or compound duty.
In the EU Combined Nomenclature, chapter 91 covers 51 tariff lines and the duty is between 2.7% and 6%. 20 lines have a specific or compound duty.
The Turkish Customs Tariff Schedule divides chapter 91 into 68 tariff lines; the duty is between 2.7% and 6% (average 4.4%). 28 lines have a specific or compound duty.
In 2024, countries exported chapter 91 goods worth US$55.6bn (−1.1% year on year).
The largest exporter was Switzerland (US$30.9bn), followed by China.
The biggest buyer was Hong Kong SAR China, with imports of US$7.1bn.
Chapter notes
Notes
1. This chapter does not cover:
(a) clock or watch glasses or weights (classified according to their constituent material);
(b) watch chains (heading 7113 or 7117, as the case may be);
(c) parts of general use defined in note 2 to Section XV, of base metal (Section XV), or similar goods of plastics (Chapter 39) or of precious metal or metal clad with precious metal (generally heading 7115); clock or watch springs are, however, to be classified as clock or watch parts (heading 9114);
(d) bearing balls (heading 7326 or 8482, as the case may be);
(e) articles of heading 8412 constructed to work without an escapement;
(f) ball bearings (heading 8482); or
(g) articles of Chapter 85, not yet assembled together or with other components into watch or clock movements or into articles suitable for use solely or principally as parts of such movements (Chapter 85).
2. Heading 9101 covers only watches with case wholly of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal, or of the same materials combined with natural or cultured pearls, or precious or semi-precious stones (natural, synthetic or reconstructed) of headings 7101 to 7104. Watches with case of base metal inlaid with precious metal fall in heading 9102.
3. For the purposes of this chapter, the expression ‘watch movements’ means devices regulated by a balance-wheel and hairspring, quartz crystal or any other system capable of determining intervals of time, with a display or a system to which a mechanical display can be incorporated. Such watch movements shall not exceed 12 mm in thickness and 50 mm in width, length or diameter.
4. Except as provided in note 1, movements and other parts suitable for use both in clocks or watches and in other articles (for example, precision instruments) are to be classified in this chapter.
Products classified here
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for clocks and watches and parts thereof?
Clocks and watches and parts thereof make up HS chapter 91, in section XVIII of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on clocks and watches and parts thereof in the UK?
Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 91 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 0% to 6%, depending on the line. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
What is the import duty on clocks and watches and parts thereof in the EU?
Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 91 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 2.7% to 6%, depending on the line. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most clocks and watches and parts thereof?
Switzerland, with US$30.9bn in 2024 (55.5% of world exports).