Subheading · Chapter 47 · Heading 4705
4705.00: Wood pulp obtained by a combination of mechanical and chemical pulping processes
Semi-chemical wood pulp
4705.00 is the HS subheading for semi-chemical wood pulp, under heading 4705 in chapter 47.
What you pay
Importing into UK
Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff
UK lines →- 4705 00 00 00 Wood pulp obtained by a combination of mechanical and chemical pulping processes
Additional duties and import rules
Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.
Import requirements 2
- Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
- Applies to goods from
- Russia, Ukraine
- Legal act
- 2022 No.998, S.I. 2022/395
- Documents
- 9015
- 9016
- 9009
- 9010
- 9017
- Import controlImport control of timber and timber products subject to the FLEGT licensing scheme
- Applies to goods from
- Indonesia
- Legal act
- CS Indonesia No.1/2019
Preferential rates by country
| Agreement or scheme | Countries | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| standard rate (no agreement) | — | |
| DCTS Comprehensive | Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 38 moreAfghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia | Free |
| European Union (including code "EU") | Free | |
| CARIFORUM | Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 moreAntigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago | Free |
| OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories) | Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 moreAnguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands | Free |
| Central America | Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama | Free |
| SADC EPA | Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia | Free |
| Eastern and Southern Africa States | Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe | Free |
| CPTPP | Brunei, Malaysia | Free |
| UK–Andorra agreement | Andorra | Free |
| UK–Albania agreement | Albania | Free |
| UK–Australia agreement | Australia | Free |
| UK–Canada agreement | Canada | Free |
| UK–Switzerland agreement | Switzerland | Free |
| UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement | Côte d’Ivoire | Free |
| UK–Chile agreement | Chile | Free |
| UK–Cameroon agreement | Cameroon | Free |
| UK–Colombia agreement | Colombia | Free |
| UK–Ceuta & Melilla agreement | Ceuta & Melilla | Free |
| UK–Ecuador agreement | Ecuador | Free |
| UK–Egypt agreement | Egypt | Free |
| UK–Fiji agreement | Fiji | Free |
| UK–Faroe Islands agreement | Faroe Islands | Free |
| UK–Georgia agreement | Georgia | Free |
| UK–Ghana agreement | Ghana | Free |
| UK–Israel agreement | Israel | Free |
| UK–India agreement | India | Free |
| UK–Iceland agreement | Iceland | Free |
| UK–Jordan agreement | Jordan | Free |
| UK–Japan agreement | Japan | Free |
| UK–Kenya agreement | Kenya | Free |
| UK–South Korea agreement | South Korea | Free |
| UK–Lebanon agreement | Lebanon | Free |
| UK–Liechtenstein agreement | Liechtenstein | Free |
| UK–Morocco agreement | Morocco | Free |
| UK–Moldova agreement | Moldova | Free |
| UK–North Macedonia agreement | North Macedonia | Free |
| UK–Mexico agreement | Mexico | Free |
| UK–Norway agreement | Norway | Free |
| UK–New Zealand agreement | New Zealand | Free |
| UK–Peru agreement | Peru | Free |
| UK–Papua New Guinea agreement | Papua New Guinea | Free |
| UK–Palestinian Territories agreement | Palestinian Territories | Free |
| UK–Serbia agreement | Serbia | Free |
| UK–Solomon Islands agreement | Solomon Islands | Free |
| UK–Singapore agreement | Singapore | Free |
| UK–San Marino agreement | San Marino | Free |
| UK–Tunisia agreement | Tunisia | Free |
| UK–Türkiye agreement | Türkiye | Free |
| UK–Ukraine agreement | Ukraine | Free |
| UK–Vietnam agreement | Vietnam | Free |
| UK–Samoa agreement | Samoa | Free |
| UK–Kosovo agreement | Kosovo | Free |
| UK–South Africa agreement | South Africa | Free |
UK: imports by month
Main suppliers, last 12 months
| Country | Value | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
 Sweden | £5.6m | 94.7% | +2.4% |
 Netherlands | £123k | 2.1% | +6.1% |
 Germany | £81k | 1.4% | +9.7% |
 United States | £52k | 0.9% | -30.3% |
 Norway | £42k | 0.7% | -48% |
 China | £10k | 0.2% | -8.9% |
 Czechia | £2k | 0% | +3.5% |
 Denmark | £0 | 0% | -100% |
Same subheading in other tariffs
EU Free Third-country duty 1 tariff line 
Türkiye Free Third-country duty 1 tariff line USA Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Canada Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Mexico Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Brazil 3.6% General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Argentina 3.6% General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Peru Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
New Zealand Free General (MFN) 2 tariff lines 
Japan Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Taiwan Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
GCC 5% General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Switzerland Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line Norway Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
North Macedonia Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Nigeria 5% General (MFN) 1 tariff line World trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$184kUS$184k+US$7m+US$95m+> US$202m
Exports: 57
- Canada: US$913m
- Sweden: US$202m
- Finland: US$160m
- New Zealand: US$106m
- Estonia: US$101m
- United States: US$95m
- Brazil: US$69m
- Norway: US$63m
- Russia: US$53m
- Netherlands: US$45m
- Germany: US$39m
- Portugal: US$28m
- France: US$8m
- China: US$7m
- Uruguay: US$7m
- Italy: US$6m
- Chile: US$5m
- South Africa: US$4m
- Belgium: US$4m
- Indonesia: US$3m
- Austria: US$3m
- Belarus: US$2m
- Spain: US$2m
- Poland: US$773k
- Switzerland: US$390k
- Bulgaria: US$362k
- Cambodia: US$184k
- Thailand: US$124k
- Botswana: US$107k
- Singapore: US$58k
- Georgia: US$55k
- Laos: US$53k
- Egypt: US$49k
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$49k
- Czechia: US$41k
- United Kingdom: US$33k
- Japan: US$29k
- Denmark: US$27k
- Australia: US$18k
- Slovenia: US$17k
- Slovakia: US$8k
- South Korea: US$5k
- Pakistan: US$3k
- Greece: US$2k
- Lithuania: US$2k
- India: US$1k
- Romania: US$300
- Latvia: US$200
- Türkiye: US$200
- Bahrain: US$100
- Ethiopia: US$100
- Hungary: US$100
- Malta: US$100
- Luxembourg: US$0
- Malaysia: US$0
- Ukraine: US$0
- Zambia: US$0
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$365kUS$365k+US$7m+US$58m+> US$218m
Imports: 88
- China: US$606m
- India: US$331m
- Egypt: US$218m
- South Korea: US$122m
- Indonesia: US$103m
- Sweden: US$84m
- United States: US$77m
- Netherlands: US$70m
- Germany: US$58m
- Italy: US$52m
- Poland: US$40m
- Austria: US$22m
- Spain: US$15m
- Türkiye: US$13m
- France: US$13m
- Pakistan: US$11m
- Switzerland: US$11m
- Mexico: US$9m
- Taiwan: US$8m
- Hungary: US$8m
- Vietnam: US$7m
- United Kingdom: US$7m
- Slovenia: US$7m
- Japan: US$5m
- Saudi Arabia: US$4m
- United Arab Emirates: US$4m
- New Zealand: US$3m
- Malaysia: US$3m
- Sri Lanka: US$2m
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$1m
- Singapore: US$1m
- Denmark: US$1m
- Tunisia: US$1m
- Ecuador: US$1m
- South Africa: US$1m
- Angola: US$910k
- Thailand: US$907k
- Canada: US$803k
- Bangladesh: US$768k
- Malawi: US$470k
- Finland: US$433k
- Ukraine: US$405k
- Uzbekistan: US$365k
- Belgium: US$311k
- Algeria: US$293k
- Czechia: US$247k
- Brazil: US$223k
- Philippines: US$214k
- Romania: US$203k
- Argentina: US$199k
- Slovakia: US$190k
- Serbia: US$162k
- Lithuania: US$145k
- Lebanon: US$137k
- Nigeria: US$137k
- Zimbabwe: US$107k
- Bosnia & Herzegovina: US$93k
- Norway: US$53k
- Macao SAR China: US$43k
- Portugal: US$39k
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Canada | US$913m | 47.4% |
| 2 | Sweden | US$202m | 10.5% |
| 3 |  Finland | US$160m | 8.3% |
| 4 | New Zealand | US$106m | 5.5% |
| 5 |  Estonia | US$101m | 5.3% |
| 6 | United States | US$95m | 4.9% |
| 7 | Brazil | US$69m | 3.6% |
| 8 | Norway | US$63m | 3.3% |
| 9 |  Russia | US$53m | 2.8% |
| 10 | Netherlands | US$45m | 2.3% |
Top importers
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | US$606m | 31.4% |
| 2 |  India | US$331m | 17.1% |
| 3 |  Egypt | US$218m | 11.3% |
| 4 |  South Korea | US$122m | 6.3% |
| 5 |  Indonesia | US$103m | 5.3% |
| 6 | Sweden | US$84m | 4.4% |
| 7 | United States | US$77m | 4% |
| 8 | Netherlands | US$70m | 3.6% |
| 9 | Germany | US$58m | 3% |
| 10 |  Italy | US$52m | 2.7% |
Import duty on this product around the world 164
The most-favoured-nation (MFN) duty each country applies to goods of this HS subheading: the average over its national tariff lines, with the lowest and highest line where they differ. Goods from countries with a trade agreement often pay less.
- 4%median duty
- 71number of duty-free countries (MFN)
- 45%highest: Bahamas, Bermuda, Maldives
164
| Importing country | MFN duty | lines from – to | data year |
|---|---|---|---|
 Afghanistan | 5% | 2018 · HS 2012 | |
 Albania | 0% | 2023 | |
 Algeria | 5% | 2023 | |
 Angola | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Anguilla | 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Antigua & Barbuda | 0% | 2021 · HS 2007 | |
| Argentina | 4% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Armenia | 10% | 2023 | |
 Aruba | 6% | 2021 · HS 2012 | |
 Australia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Azerbaijan | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Bahamas | 45% | 2022 | |
 Bahrain | 5% | 2023 | |
 Bangladesh | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Belarus | 10% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Belize | 5% | 2023 | |
 Benin | 5% | 2023 | |
 Bermuda | 25% | 2023 | |
 Bhutan | 10% | 2022 | |
 Bolivia | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Bosnia & Herzegovina | 0% | 2022 | |
 Botswana | 0% | 2023 | |
| Brazil | 4% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Brunei | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Burkina Faso | 5% | 2023 | |
 Burundi | 0% | 2023 | |
 Cambodia | 7% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Cameroon | 10% | 2023 | |
| Canada | 0% | 2023 | |
 Cape Verde | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Cayman Islands | 22% | 2021 · HS 2002 | |
 Central African Republic | 10% | 2023 | |
 Chad | 10% | 2023 | |
 Chile | 6% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
| China | 0% | 2023 | |
 Colombia | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Comoros | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Congo - Brazzaville | 10% | 2023 | |
 Cook Islands | 0% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Costa Rica | 0% | 2023 | |
 Côte d’Ivoire | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Cuba | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Dominica | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Dominican Republic | 0% | 2023 | |
 Ecuador | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
| Egypt | 2% | 2019 · HS 2017 | |
 El Salvador | 0% | 2022 | |
 Equatorial Guinea | 10% | 2023 | |
 Eswatini | 0% | 2023 | |
 Ethiopia | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
| European Union (27 countries) | 0% | 2023 | |
 Fiji | 5% | 2023 | |
 French Polynesia | 6% | 2023 | |
 Gabon | 10% | 2023 | |
 Gambia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Georgia | 0% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Ghana | 5% | 2023 | |
 Gibraltar | 12% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Grenada | 5% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
 Guatemala | 0% | 2023 | |
 Guinea | 5% | 2023 | |
 Guinea-Bissau | 5% | 2023 | |
 Guyana | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Haiti | 0% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 Honduras | 0% | 2023 | |
 Hong Kong SAR China | 0% | 2023 | |
 Iceland | 0% | 2023 | |
| India | 5% | 2023 | |
| Indonesia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Iran | 5% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 Israel | 0% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
 Jamaica | 0% | 2023 | |
| Japan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Jordan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Kazakhstan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Kenya | 0% | 2023 | |
 Kiribati | 0% | 2023 · HS 2002 | |
 Kuwait | 5% | 2023 | |
 Kyrgyzstan | 10% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Laos | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Lebanon | 0% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 Lesotho | 0% | 2023 | |
 Liberia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Libya | 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Liechtenstein | 4.2%* | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Macao SAR China | 0% | 2023 | |
 Madagascar | 10% | 2023 | |
 Malawi | 10% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Malaysia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Maldives | 25% | 2023 | |
 Mali | 5% | 2023 | |
 Mauritania | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Mauritius | 0% | 2023 | |
| Mexico | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Micronesia | 4% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Moldova | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Mongolia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Montserrat | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Morocco | 2.5% | 2023 | |
 Mozambique | 7.5% | 2023 | |
 Myanmar (Burma) | 3% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Namibia | 0% | 2023 | |
 Nauru | 10% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Nepal | 5% | 2023 | |
| New Zealand | 0% | 2023 | |
 Nicaragua | 0% | 2023 | |
 Niger | 5% | 2023 | |
| Nigeria | 5% | 2023 | |
| North Macedonia | 0% | 2023 | |
| Norway | 0% | 2023 | |
 Oman | 5% | 2023 | |
 Pakistan | 0% | 2023 | |
 Palau | 3% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
 Palestinian Territories | 0% | 2017 · HS 2017 | |
 Panama | 0% | 2023 | |
 Papua New Guinea | 0% | 2023 | |
 Paraguay | 4% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
| Peru | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Philippines | 1% | 2023 | |
 Qatar | 5% | 2023 | |
| Russia | 10% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Rwanda | 0% | 2023 | |
 Samoa | 8% | 2020 · HS 2017 | |
 São Tomé & Príncipe | 10% | 2019 · HS 2017 | |
 Saudi Arabia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Senegal | 5% | 2023 | |
 Seychelles | 0% | 2023 | |
 Sierra Leone | 5% | 2023 | |
 Singapore | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Solomon Islands | 10% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Somalia | 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 South Africa | 0% | 2023 | |
| South Korea | 0% | 2023 | |
 Sri Lanka | 0% | 2023 | |
 St Kitts & Nevis | 0% | 2023 | |
 St Lucia | 5% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
 St Pierre & Miquelon | 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 St Vincent & the Grenadines | 5% | 2023 | |
 Sudan | 3% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Suriname | 5% | 2023 · HS 2007 | |
| Switzerland | 3.5%* | 2023 | |
 Syria | 1% | 2020 · HS 2012 | |
 Tajikistan | 7% | 2021 · HS 2012 | |
 Tanzania | 0% | 2023 | |
 Thailand | 0% | 2023 | |
 Togo | 5% | 2023 | |
 Tonga | 15% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Trinidad & Tobago | 0% | 2023 · HS 2012 | |
| Türkiye | 0% | 2023 | |
 Tuvalu | 0% | 2017 · HS 2017 | |
 Uganda | 0% | 2023 | |
 Ukraine | 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 United Arab Emirates | 5% | 2023 | |
| United Kingdom | 0% | 2023 | |
| United States | 0% | 2023 | |
 Uruguay | 4% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Uzbekistan | 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
 Vanuatu | 0% | 2023 | |
 Venezuela | 4% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
 Vietnam | 0% | 2023 | |
 Wallis & Futuna | 6% | 2021 · HS 2012 | |
 Yemen | 5% | 2017 · HS 2017 | |
 Zambia | 5% | 2023 | |
 Zimbabwe | 0.1% | 2023 |
Tariff data years 2017–2023; rates may have changed since. * ad valorem equivalent of specific duties (UNCTAD estimate) · UNCTAD TRAINS, accessed via WITS (World Bank)
Classifications and correspondences
Where this HS subheading sits in the United Nations' statistical classifications, and which codes it had in earlier editions of the Harmonized System.
- SITC Rev. 4
- 25191 Semi-chemical wood pulp
- End use (BEC Rev. 5)
- Intermediate goods · BEC 211210
- CPC 2.1 product
- 32113 Mechanical wood pulp; semi-chemical wood pulp; pulps of fibrous cellulosic material other than wood
- ISIC Rev. 4 activity
- 1701 Manufacture of pulp, paper and paperboard
Earlier HS editions
| HS | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 4705.00 | unchanged |
| 2012 | 4705.00 | unchanged |
| 2007 | 4705.00 | unchanged |
| 2002 | 4705.00 | unchanged |
| 1996 | 4705.00 | unchanged |
| 1992 | 4705.00 | unchanged |
Correspondence tables of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD)
EU deforestation regulation (EUDR)
Products of these commodities may only be placed on the EU market or exported if they are deforestation-free, legally produced and covered by a due diligence statement.
- Wood applies from 30 December 2026
Pulp of wood (not including used products and second-hand products; not including recovered (waste and scrap) products and products derived from recovered (waste and scrap) products)
Regulation (EU) 2023/1115, Annex I (consolidated text)
Recent rule changes mentioning this code
Acts whose text cites this code or its heading. Check the act itself: a code can be cited for reasons other than a change of its duty.
- Import and export controls
FR Doc. 2026-14542 · 91 FR 45516 · Source: federalregister.gov
- Tariff change
FR Doc. 2026-11158 · 91 FR 33854 · Source: federalregister.gov
Subheading 4705.00 is a single line in the EU Combined Nomenclature, where the duty is duty-free.
The Turkish Customs Tariff Schedule has one tariff line for subheading 4705.00; the duty is duty-free.
Imports of semi-chemical wood pulp into the UK came to £5.9m between September 2025 and August 2026 (down 17% on the year before); Sweden supplied 95%, followed by Netherlands.
In 2024, countries exported semi-chemical wood pulp worth US$1.9bn (−2.2% year on year).
The largest exporter was Canada (US$913m), followed by Sweden.
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for wood pulp obtained by a combination of mechanical and chemical pulping processes?
Wood pulp obtained by a combination of mechanical and chemical pulping processes fall under HS subheading 4705.00, part of heading 4705, in section X of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on wood pulp obtained by a combination of mechanical… in the EU?
Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 4705.00 from countries without a preferential agreement are free of duty. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
What is the import duty on wood pulp obtained by a combination of mechanical… in Türkiye?
Under the Turkish Customs Tariff Schedule, imports under 4705.00 from countries without a preferential agreement are free of duty. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most wood pulp obtained by a combination of mechanical…?
Canada, with US$913m in 2024 (47.4% of world exports).
Where does the UK import semi-chemical wood pulp from?
In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were Sweden (95%), Netherlands (2%) and Germany (1%), out of total imports of £5.9m.