Subheading · Chapter 85 · Heading 8516

8516.10

8516.10: Electric instantaneous or storage water heaters and immersion heaters

Electric water heaters

8516.10 is the HS subheading for electric water heaters, under heading 8516 in chapter 85.

What you pay

Importing into UK

Customs duty 2% standard rate · across 3 national lines depends on the country of origin
Additional duties and charges 3 additional measures Import requirements: 2
VAT 20.00 % import VAT
Duty calculatorCalculate duty and taxes →

Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff

UK lines →
  1. 8516 10 00 00 Electric instantaneous or storage water heaters and immersion heaters p/st
  2. 8516 10 11 00 Instantaneous water heaters 2%p/st
  3. 8516 10 80 00 Other 2%p/st
  4. 8516 10 80 10 Tubular heating element with mounting flange for washing machines, with: -a nominal output power of 1 700 w at 230 v ac supply voltage, -a weight of 230 g or more but not more than 250 g, -a thickness of the external flange of 2 mm or more, -isolation bushes of steatite or ceramic, and -no flat zones in the design, for use in the manufacture of home appliance products and their components 2%p/st
  5. 8516 10 80 90 Other 2%p/st

Additional duties and import rules

Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.

Additional duties and charges 3

  • Additional dutyAdditional duties 35%
    Applies to goods from
    Belarus, Russia
    Legal act
    2022 No. 376
    Documents
    • 9008
  • Duty suspensionSuspension - goods for certain categories of ships, boats and other vessels and for drilling or production platforms Free
    Applies to goods from
    all countries
    Legal act
    2020 No. 1431
    Documents
    • C990 End use authorisation ships and platforms (Column 8c, Annex A of Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446)
  • Duty suspensionAirworthiness tariff suspension Free
    Applies to goods from
    all countries
    Legal act
    S.I. 2018/1249
    Documents
    • C119 Authorised Release Certificate — EASA Form 1 (Appendix I to Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012), or equivalent certificate

Import requirements 2

  • Prohibition or restrictionImport prohibition
    Applies to goods from
    North Korea
    Legal act
    S.I. 2019/411
  • Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
    Applies to goods from
    Russia, Ukraine
    Legal act
    2023 No. 440, S.I. 2022/395
    Documents
    • 9011
    • 9022
    • 9038
    • 9009
    • 9010
    • 9017

Preferential rates by country

Agreement or schemeCountriesRate
standard rate (no agreement)—2%
DCTS Comprehensive
Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 38 more

Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia

Free
European Union (including code " EU")
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia and 23 more

Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden

Free
DCTS Enhanced
Algeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville and 13 more

Algeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville, Cook Islands, Kyrgyzstan, Micronesia, Mongolia, Nigeria, Niue, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu

Free
CARIFORUM
Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 more

Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago

Free
OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories)
Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 more

Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands

Free
Central America Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama Free
SADC EPA Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia Free
Eastern and Southern Africa States Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe Free
CPTPP Brunei, Malaysia Free
UK–Andorra agreement Andorra Free
UK–Albania agreement Albania Free
UK–Australia agreement Australia Free
UK–Canada agreement Canada Free
UK–Switzerland agreement Switzerland Free
UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement Côte d’Ivoire Free
UK–Chile agreement Chile Free
UK–Cameroon agreement Cameroon Free
UK–Colombia agreement Colombia Free
UK–Ceuta & Melilla agreement Ceuta & Melilla Free
UK–Ecuador agreement Ecuador Free
UK–Egypt agreement Egypt Free
UK–Fiji agreement Fiji Free
UK–Faroe Islands agreement Faroe Islands Free
UK–Georgia agreement Georgia Free
UK–Ghana agreement Ghana Free
DCTS Standard Indonesia Free
UK–Israel agreement Israel Free
UK–India agreement India Free
UK–Iceland agreement Iceland Free
UK–Jordan agreement Jordan Free
UK–Japan agreement Japan Free
UK–Kenya agreement Kenya Free
UK–South Korea agreement South Korea Free
UK–Lebanon agreement Lebanon Free
UK–Liechtenstein agreement Liechtenstein Free
UK–Morocco agreement Morocco Free
UK–Moldova agreement Moldova Free
UK–North Macedonia agreement North Macedonia Free
UK–Mexico agreement Mexico Free
UK–Norway agreement Norway Free
UK–New Zealand agreement New Zealand Free
UK–Peru agreement Peru Free
UK–Papua New Guinea agreement Papua New Guinea Free
UK–Palestinian Territories agreement Palestinian Territories Free
UK–Serbia agreement Serbia Free
UK–Solomon Islands agreement Solomon Islands Free
UK–Singapore agreement Singapore Free
UK–San Marino agreement San Marino Free
UK–Tunisia agreement Tunisia Free
UK–Türkiye agreement Türkiye Free
UK–Ukraine agreement Ukraine Free
UK–Vietnam agreement Vietnam Free
UK–Samoa agreement Samoa Free
UK–Kosovo agreement Kosovo Free
UK–South Africa agreement South Africa Free

UK: imports by month

last 12 months£130.8m-3.8% · previous 12 months
Average import price£9.58 per kg
Jan 2024: £11.3mFeb 2024: £9.5mMar 2024: £9.7mApr 2024: £10.1mMay 2024: £10.3mJun 2024: £10.9mJul 2024: £12mAug 2024: £11.4mSept 2024: £12.6mOct 2024: £13.8mNov 2024: £13.1mDec 2024: £10.9mJan 2025: £10.2mFeb 2025: £11.3mMar 2025: £12mApr 2025: £9.5mMay 2025: £9.3mJun 2025: £11mJul 2025: £11.3mAug 2025: £10.8mSept 2025: £12.1mOct 2025: £13.4mNov 2025: £11.7mDec 2025: £12.4mJan 2026: £11.4mFeb 2026: £11.4mMar 2026: £10.8mApr 2026: £9.8mMay 2026: £8.4mJun 2026: £10.1mJul 2026: £9.7mAug 2026: £9.6m 202420252026
Data up to August 2026 (provisional) · Monthly data: Eurostat Comext (CC BY 4.0), HMRC (OGL v3.0)

Main suppliers, last 12 months

CountryValueShareChange
China £75.3m 57.5% -12.3%
Australia £11.7m 8.9% +100.4%
Germany £10.7m 8.2% +38.2%
Norway £6.4m 4.9% +10.8%
Italy £6.2m 4.7% -10.5%
United States £4.6m 3.5% -3.4%
Malaysia £3.4m 2.6% -9.2%
Ireland £2.4m 1.8% +4.7%

Same subheading in other tariffs

World trade in 2024

8516.10 · US$4bn

Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$90kUS$90k+US$9m+US$40m+> US$211m

Exports: 162
  1. China: US$1bn
  2. Mexico: US$655m
  3. United States: US$294m
  4. Italy: US$280m
  5. Germany: US$211m
  6. Egypt: US$159m
  7. France: US$86m
  8. Belgium: US$81m
  9. United Kingdom: US$79m
  10. Bulgaria: US$79m
  11. Netherlands: US$53m
  12. Malaysia: US$49m
  13. Vietnam: US$48m
  14. Poland: US$46m
  15. Canada: US$45m
  16. Slovakia: US$40m
  17. Russia: US$37m
  18. Norway: US$37m
  19. Serbia: US$36m
  20. Sweden: US$35m
  21. Portugal: US$33m
  22. Czechia: US$31m
  23. Brazil: US$31m
  24. South Korea: US$31m
  25. Austria: US$29m
  26. Spain: US$28m
  27. Thailand: US$28m
  28. Türkiye: US$26m
  29. Saudi Arabia: US$26m
  30. Australia: US$21m
  31. Japan: US$20m
  32. Romania: US$17m
  33. Georgia: US$16m
  34. South Africa: US$12m
  35. Uzbekistan: US$12m
  36. Philippines: US$11m
  37. Hungary: US$11m
  38. India: US$10m
  39. Kazakhstan: US$10m
  40. Switzerland: US$9m
  41. Taiwan: US$9m
  42. North Macedonia: US$8m
  43. Ireland: US$6m
  44. Hong Kong SAR China: US$6m
  45. Latvia: US$6m
  46. Denmark: US$6m
  47. United Arab Emirates: US$5m
  48. Singapore: US$5m
  49. Finland: US$4m
  50. Croatia: US$4m
  51. Lithuania: US$4m
  52. Slovenia: US$3m
  53. Indonesia: US$3m
  54. Greece: US$3m
  55. Oman: US$2m
  56. Ukraine: US$2m
  57. Azerbaijan: US$2m
  58. Kyrgyzstan: US$2m
  59. Tunisia: US$2m
  60. New Zealand: US$1m

Top exporters

RankCountryValueShare
1 China US$1bn 31.2%
2 Mexico US$655m 15.8%
3 United States US$294m 7.1%
4 Italy US$280m 6.7%
5 Germany US$211m 5.1%
6 Egypt US$159m 3.8%
7 France US$86m 2.1%
8 Belgium US$81m 2%
9 United Kingdom US$79m 1.9%
10 Bulgaria US$79m 1.9%

Top importers

RankCountryValueShare
1 United States US$914m 22%
2 France US$246m 5.9%
3 Germany US$228m 5.5%
4 United Kingdom US$172m 4.1%
5 Spain US$168m 4%
6 Canada US$160m 3.9%
7 Poland US$110m 2.6%
8 Russia US$107m 2.6%
9 Belgium US$85m 2%
10 United Arab Emirates US$79m 1.9%

Import duty on this product around the world 165

The most-favoured-nation (MFN) duty each country applies to goods of this HS subheading: the average over its national tariff lines, with the lowest and highest line where they differ. Goods from countries with a trade agreement often pay less.

  • 15%median duty
  • 14number of duty-free countries (MFN)
  • 60%highest: Egypt, Iran, Kiribati

165

Importing countryMFN dutylines from – todata year
Afghanistan 5% 2018 · HS 2012
Albania 10% 2023
Algeria 30% 2023
Angola 10% 2023 · HS 2017
Anguilla 20% 2021 · HS 2017
Antigua & Barbuda 20% 2021 · HS 2007
Argentina 20% 2023 · HS 2017
Armenia 10% 2023
Aruba 22% 2021 · HS 2012
Australia 5% 2023
Azerbaijan 15% 2023 · HS 2017
Bahamas 25% 5% – 45% 2022
Bahrain 5% 2023
Bangladesh 18% 10% – 25% 2023 · HS 2017
Barbados 20% 2022 · HS 2017
Belarus 10% 2021 · HS 2017
Belize 20% 2023
Benin 20% 2023
Bermuda 19% 13% – 25% 2023
Bhutan 0% 2022
Bolivia 10% 2023 · HS 2017
Bosnia & Herzegovina 13% 10% – 15% 2022
Botswana 10% 0% – 20% 2023
Brazil 20% 2023 · HS 2017
Brunei 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Burkina Faso 20% 2023
Burundi 25% 2023
Cambodia 35% 2023 · HS 2017
Cameroon 30% 2023
Canada 2.2% 0% – 6.5% 2023
Cape Verde 30% 2023 · HS 2017
Cayman Islands 22% 2021 · HS 2002
Central African Republic 30% 2023
Chad 30% 2023
Chile 6% 2023 · HS 2017
China 7% 2023
Colombia 15% 2023 · HS 2017
Comoros 20% 2021 · HS 2017
Congo - Brazzaville 30% 2023
Cook Islands 0% 2022 · HS 2017
Costa Rica 14% 2023
Côte d’Ivoire 20% 2023 · HS 2017
Cuba 10% 2023 · HS 2017
Dominica 20% 2023 · HS 2017
Dominican Republic 20% 2023
Ecuador 30% 2023 · HS 2017
Egypt 60% 2019 · HS 2017
El Salvador 15% 2022
Equatorial Guinea 30% 2023
Eswatini 10% 0% – 20% 2023
Ethiopia 30% 2021 · HS 2017
European Union (27 countries) 2.7% 2023
Fiji 5% 2023
French Polynesia 6% 2023
Gabon 30% 2023
Gambia 20% 2023
Georgia 0% 2022 · HS 2017
Ghana 20% 2023
Gibraltar 12% 2023 · HS 2017
Grenada 20% 2023 · HS 2012
Guatemala 15% 2023
Guinea 20% 2023
Guinea-Bissau 20% 2023
Guyana 20% 2023 · HS 2017
Haiti 2.5% 0% – 5% 2020 · HS 2017
Honduras 15% 2023
Hong Kong SAR China 0% 2023
Iceland 0% 2023
India 20% 2023
Indonesia 13% 10% – 15% 2023
Iran 55% 2020 · HS 2017
Israel 0% 2022 · HS 2017
Jamaica 20% 2023
Japan 0% 2023
Jordan 8.3% 0% – 25% 2023
Kazakhstan 10% 2023
Kenya 25% 2023
Kiribati 50% 2023 · HS 2002
Kuwait 5% 2023
Kyrgyzstan 10% 2021 · HS 2017
Laos 10% 2023 · HS 2017
Lebanon 5% 2020 · HS 2017
Lesotho 10% 0% – 20% 2023
Liberia 20% 2023
Libya 5% 2021 · HS 2017
Liechtenstein 4.4%* 2.2% – 6.2% 2021 · HS 2017
Macao SAR China 0% 2023
Madagascar 10% 0% – 20% 2023
Malawi 25% 2021 · HS 2017
Malaysia 13% 0% – 20% 2023
Maldives 6.7% 0% – 20% 2023
Mali 20% 2023
Mauritania 20% 2023 · HS 2017
Mauritius 0% 2023
Mexico 10% 2023 · HS 2017
Micronesia 4% 2021 · HS 2017
Moldova 8% 2023 · HS 2017
Mongolia 5% 2023
Montserrat 23% 20% – 25% 2023 · HS 2017
Morocco 21% 2.5% – 40% 2023
Mozambique 20% 2023
Myanmar (Burma) 10% 2023 · HS 2017
Namibia 10% 0% – 20% 2023
Nauru 10% 2021 · HS 2017
Nepal 10% 2023
New Zealand 5% 2023
Nicaragua 15% 2023
Niger 20% 2023
Nigeria 20% 2023
North Macedonia 15% 2023
Norway 0% 2023
Oman 5% 2023
Pakistan 18% 16% – 20% 2023
Palau 3% 2023 · HS 2012
Palestinian Territories 6% 0% – 12% 2017 · HS 2017
Panama 10% 5% – 15% 2023
Papua New Guinea 0% 2023
Paraguay 20% 2023 · HS 2017
Peru 6% 2023 · HS 2017
Philippines 7% 2023
Qatar 5% 2023
Russia 10% 2021 · HS 2017
Rwanda 25% 2023
Samoa 8% 2020 · HS 2017
São Tomé & Príncipe 10% 2019 · HS 2017
Saudi Arabia 15% 2023
Senegal 20% 2023
Seychelles 25% 2023
Sierra Leone 20% 2023
Singapore 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Solomon Islands 10% 2023 · HS 2017
Somalia 25% 2023 · HS 2017
South Africa 10% 0% – 20% 2023
South Korea 8% 2023
Sri Lanka 20% 2023
St Kitts & Nevis 25% 2023
St Lucia 20% 2023 · HS 2012
St Pierre & Miquelon 5% 2021 · HS 2017
St Vincent & the Grenadines 20% 2023
Sudan 40% 2021 · HS 2017
Suriname 20% 2023 · HS 2007
Switzerland 3.3%* 1.7% – 4.7% 2023
Syria 18% 5% – 30% 2020 · HS 2012
Tajikistan 5% 2021 · HS 2012
Tanzania 25% 2023
Thailand 20% 2023
Togo 20% 2023
Tonga 15% 2023 · HS 2017
Trinidad & Tobago 20% 2023 · HS 2012
Türkiye 33% 2023
Tuvalu 33% 2017 · HS 2017
Uganda 25% 2023
Ukraine 3.5% 2% – 5% 2023 · HS 2017
United Arab Emirates 5% 2023
United Kingdom 2% 2023
United States 0% 2023
Uruguay 20% 2023 · HS 2017
Uzbekistan 20%* 2021 · HS 2017
Vanuatu 15% 2023
Venezuela 20% 2023 · HS 2017
Vietnam 20% 2023
Wallis & Futuna 6% 2021 · HS 2012
Yemen 5% 2017 · HS 2017
Zambia 40% 2023
Zimbabwe 0.4% 2023

Tariff data years 2017–2023; rates may have changed since. * ad valorem equivalent of specific duties (UNCTAD estimate) · UNCTAD TRAINS, accessed via WITS (World Bank)

Classifications and correspondences

Where this HS subheading sits in the United Nations' statistical classifications, and which codes it had in earlier editions of the Harmonized System.

SITC Rev. 4
77581 Electric instantaneous/storage water heaters & immersion heaters
End use (BEC Rev. 5)
Consumption goods · BEC 313202
CPC 2.1 product
44817 Electric instantaneous or storage water heaters and immersion heaters; electric space heating apparatus and soil heating apparatus; ovens; cookers, cooking plates, boiling rings, grillers and roasters
ISIC Rev. 4 activity
2750 Manufacture of domestic appliances

Earlier HS editions

HSCode
20178516.10changed
20128516.10changed
20078516.10changed
20028516.10changed
19968516.10changed
19928516.10changed

Correspondence tables of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD)

Binding rulings for similar goods 12

Decisions of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CROSS) and HMRC (Advance Tariff Rulings) on goods classified here. A ruling binds only its holder, but shows how the authorities classify similar goods. The descriptions are the authorities’ own, in English.

  • N355035 U.S. CBP 4 November 2025 · 8516.10.00.80

    The tariff classification of a humidifier water tank with lid, water tank, and heat plate assembly from China and Mexico

  • H343451 U.S. CBP 28 October 2025 · 8516.10.00

    Application for Further Review of Protest No 460124137945; Classification of AquaHT water heater module

  • N349917 U.S. CBP 30 June 2025 · 8516.10.00.80

    The tariff classification of heating elements from China

  • N346681 U.S. CBP 4 April 2025 · 8516.10.00.80

    The tariff classification of room humidifier from China

  • N345944 U.S. CBP 10 March 2025 · 8516.10.00.40

    The tariff classification of electric heat pump water heaters from South Korea.

  • N343740 U.S. CBP 21 November 2024 · 8516.10.00.40

    The tariff classification of a water heating system from China

  • 600015667 HMRC 29 April 2026 – 28 April 2029 · 8516 10 80 90

    A self contained hand washing unit intended for use in vehicles and mobile work environments where there is no permanent water supply. It incorporates an integrated water reservoir, a 12 volt electrically driven pump and hot and cold taps to deliver water on demand. The unit is designed to operate…

  • 600014650 HMRC 26 January 2026 – 25 January 2029 · 8516 10 80 00

    The product is an electric 3Kw Sprinkler Tank Immersion Heater, which is used in the fire sprinkler industry. The product consists of a 28mm stainless steel tube assembly. It also includes a 1500 watt rod element assembly, a plastic control box containing thermostatic control, an isolator, a…

  • 600008884 HMRC 21 November 2023 – 20 November 2026 · 8516 10 11 00

    This product is a water boiler for preparing hot drinks that is made of robust stainless steel. The water boiler includes a drip tray to prevent spillages, cool touch anti-drip tap handle that allows the user to dispense drinks quickly and safely. This product is ideal for preparing hot drinks in…

12 rulings in total for this code

Recent rule changes mentioning this code

Acts whose text cites this code or its heading. Check the act itself: a code can be cited for reasons other than a change of its duty.

  1. TR Anti-dumping

    İthalatta Haksız Rekabetin Önlenmesine İlişkin Tebliğ (Tebliğ No: 2025/31)’de Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Tebliğ

    RG 15.04.2026 sayı 33225 · Tebliğ 2025/31 · Source: resmigazete.gov.tr

Rule changes →

In the UK Global Tariff, subheading 8516.10 covers 3 tariff lines and the duty is 2%.

The EU Combined Nomenclature divides subheading 8516.10 into 2 tariff lines; the duty is 2.7%.

Goods from 174 countries can enter the UK at a preferential rate instead of the standard 2%; 174 of them pay no duty at all, for example under DCTS Comprehensive or European Union.

In the UK, additional duty of 35% applies on top of the customs duty to goods from Belarus and Russia.

In the 12 months to August 2026, the UK imported electric water heaters worth £130.8m (down 4% on the year before), at an average of £9.58 per kg; China supplied 58%, followed by Australia.

World trade in electric water heaters reached US$4bn in 2024, down 0.6% on 2023.

China was the largest exporter with 31.2% of the total, ahead of Mexico.

Products classified here

Questions and answers

What is the HS code for electric instantaneous or storage water heaters and immersion heaters?

Electric instantaneous or storage water heaters and immersion heaters fall under HS subheading 8516.10, part of heading 8516, in section XVI of the Harmonized System.

What is the import duty on electric instantaneous or storage water heaters… in the UK?

Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 8516.10 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 2%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.

What is the import duty on electric instantaneous or storage water heaters… in the EU?

Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 8516.10 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 2.7%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.

Which country exports the most electric instantaneous or storage water heaters…?

China, with US$1bn in 2024 (31.2% of world exports).

Which countries can export electric water heaters to the UK duty-free?

174 countries pay no duty under a trade agreement or preference scheme, among them partners under DCTS Comprehensive, European Union, DCTS Enhanced. The goods must meet the agreement’s rules of origin and the importer needs proof of origin; otherwise the standard rate of 2% applies. Pick a country above to see its rate.

Is there anti-dumping duty on electric water heaters?

The UK charges additional duty of 35% on goods from Belarus and Russia. Lower rates apply to the named exporters listed in the measure.

Where does the UK import electric water heaters from?

In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were China (58%), Australia (9%) and Germany (8%), out of total imports of £130.8m.

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Typical products

Everyday names, not part of the legal text.