Heading · Chapter 86
8604: Railway or tramway maintenance or service vehicles, whether or not self-propelled (for example, workshops, cranes, ballast tampers, trackliners, testing coaches and track inspection vehicles)
Heading 8604 has no further six-digit division: the whole heading is subheading 8604.00, in chapter 86 (railway or tramway locomotives, rolling stock and parts thereof).
Duty rates compared
UK specific or compound duty Third-country duty 1 tariff line 
EU 1.7% Third-country duty 1 tariff line 
Türkiye 1.7% Third-country duty 8 tariff lines 
USA 2.9% General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Canada Free – 6% General (MFN) 2 tariff lines · average 3% 
Mexico 5% General (MFN) 2 tariff lines 
Brazil 7.2% – 20% General (MFN) 2 tariff lines · average 13.6% 
Argentina Free – 12.6% General (MFN) 2 tariff lines · average 6.3% 
Peru Free General (MFN) 2 tariff lines 
New Zealand Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Japan Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Taiwan 2.5% – 5% General (MFN) 2 tariff lines · average 3.8% 
GCC 5% General (MFN) 4 tariff lines 
Switzerland Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Norway Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
North Macedonia Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line 
Nigeria 5% General (MFN) 1 tariff line Subheadings 1
EU: imports by month
World trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$2mUS$2m+US$12m+US$35m+> US$161m
Exports: 61
- Austria: US$303m
- United States: US$161m
- Germany: US$140m
- China: US$106m
- Italy: US$91m
- Canada: US$42m
- Switzerland: US$35m
- Türkiye: US$30m
- Russia: US$29m
- France: US$22m
- India: US$22m
- Spain: US$17m
- Sweden: US$15m
- Mozambique: US$15m
- United Kingdom: US$13m
- Poland: US$12m
- Japan: US$8m
- Netherlands: US$6m
- South Korea: US$6m
- Uruguay: US$6m
- Slovakia: US$5m
- Luxembourg: US$5m
- Czechia: US$4m
- Belgium: US$4m
- Norway: US$3m
- Latvia: US$2m
- Australia: US$2m
- Hungary: US$2m
- Denmark: US$2m
- Saudi Arabia: US$2m
- New Zealand: US$2m
- Taiwan: US$2m
- South Africa: US$1m
- Malawi: US$1m
- Brazil: US$617k
- Portugal: US$611k
- Thailand: US$601k
- Romania: US$462k
- Uzbekistan: US$394k
- Mexico: US$330k
- Malaysia: US$264k
- Singapore: US$131k
- Serbia: US$130k
- Bulgaria: US$127k
- Senegal: US$76k
- Philippines: US$56k
- Montenegro: US$45k
- Ireland: US$34k
- Qatar: US$22k
- Lithuania: US$16k
- Belize: US$15k
- Iran: US$10k
- Belarus: US$7k
- Chile: US$6k
- Morocco: US$5k
- Bahrain: US$5k
- Finland: US$5k
- Zambia: US$2k
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$1k
- Estonia: US$300
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$2mUS$2m+US$16m+US$33m+> US$58m
Imports: 111
- Canada: US$89m
- Poland: US$65m
- South Korea: US$64m
- Mexico: US$58m
- India: US$57m
- Germany: US$51m
- Norway: US$48m
- United States: US$46m
- Switzerland: US$42m
- France: US$38m
- Italy: US$33m
- Austria: US$30m
- Kazakhstan: US$28m
- Japan: US$26m
- Türkiye: US$24m
- United Kingdom: US$24m
- Australia: US$23m
- Taiwan: US$23m
- Spain: US$22m
- New Zealand: US$20m
- China: US$20m
- Nigeria: US$19m
- Czechia: US$18m
- Bulgaria: US$18m
- Brazil: US$18m
- Egypt: US$17m
- Angola: US$17m
- Romania: US$16m
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$15m
- Saudi Arabia: US$14m
- United Arab Emirates: US$13m
- Malaysia: US$12m
- Guinea: US$10m
- Israel: US$9m
- Belgium: US$9m
- Algeria: US$7m
- Indonesia: US$6m
- Zimbabwe: US$5m
- Sweden: US$5m
- Sri Lanka: US$5m
- Philippines: US$5m
- Kenya: US$4m
- Mozambique: US$4m
- Liberia: US$4m
- Slovenia: US$3m
- Gabon: US$3m
- Senegal: US$3m
- Thailand: US$3m
- Uzbekistan: US$3m
- Netherlands: US$2m
- Chile: US$2m
- Greece: US$2m
- Panama: US$2m
- Greenland: US$2m
- Tanzania: US$2m
- Colombia: US$2m
- Luxembourg: US$2m
- Bangladesh: US$1m
- Côte d’Ivoire: US$1m
- Azerbaijan: US$1m
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Austria | US$303m | 27.1% |
| 2 | United States | US$161m | 14.4% |
| 3 |  Germany | US$140m | 12.5% |
| 4 |  China | US$106m | 9.5% |
| 5 |  Italy | US$91m | 8.2% |
| 6 | Canada | US$42m | 3.8% |
| 7 | Switzerland | US$35m | 3.1% |
| 8 | Türkiye | US$30m | 2.7% |
| 9 |  Russia | US$29m | 2.6% |
| 10 |  France | US$22m | 2% |
Top importers
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Canada | US$89m | 8% |
| 2 |  Poland | US$65m | 5.8% |
| 3 |  South Korea | US$64m | 5.8% |
| 4 | Mexico | US$58m | 5.2% |
| 5 |  India | US$57m | 5.1% |
| 6 | Germany | US$51m | 4.5% |
| 7 | Norway | US$48m | 4.3% |
| 8 | United States | US$46m | 4.1% |
| 9 | Switzerland | US$42m | 3.7% |
| 10 | France | US$38m | 3.4% |
Heading 8604 is a single line in the EU Combined Nomenclature, where the duty is 1.7%.
The Turkish Customs Tariff Schedule divides heading 8604 into 8 tariff lines; the duty is 1.7%.
Heading 8604 is a single line in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, where the duty is 2.9%.
The Customs Tariff of Canada divides heading 8604 into 2 tariff lines; the duty is between 0% and 6% (average 3%). 1 of them is duty-free.
In the Mexican Tariff (TIGIE), heading 8604 covers 2 tariff lines and the duty is 5%.
The Brazilian Tariff (NCM/TEC) divides heading 8604 into 2 tariff lines; the duty is between 7.2% and 20% (average 13.6%).
In the Argentine Tariff (NCM-SIM), heading 8604 covers 2 tariff lines and the duty is between 0% and 12.6%. 1 of them is duty-free.
The Customs Tariff of Peru divides heading 8604 into 2 tariff lines; the duty is duty-free.
Heading 8604 is a single line in the Working Tariff Document of New Zealand, where the duty is duty-free.
The Customs Tariff Schedules of Japan has one tariff line for heading 8604; the duty is duty-free.
In the Customs Import Tariff of Taiwan, heading 8604 covers 2 tariff lines and the duty is between 2.5% and 5%.
The GCC Common Customs Tariff divides heading 8604 into 4 tariff lines; the duty is 5%.
Heading 8604 is a single line in the Swiss Customs Tariff (Tares), where the duty is duty-free.
The Customs Tariff of Norway has one tariff line for heading 8604; the duty is duty-free.
Heading 8604 is a single line in the Customs Tariff of North Macedonia, where the duty is duty-free.
The ECOWAS Common External Tariff (Nigeria) has one tariff line for heading 8604; the duty is 5%.
In 2024, countries exported heading 8604 goods worth US$1bn (−12.4% year on year).
The largest exporter was Austria (US$303m), followed by the United States.
The biggest buyer was Canada, with imports of US$89m.
The United Kingdom ranked 15th among 61 exporters with US$13m.
The United Kingdom imported US$24m.
Products classified here
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for railway or tramway maintenance or service vehicles, whether or not self-propelled (for example, workshops, cranes, ballast tampers, trackliners, testing coaches and track inspection vehicles)?
Railway or tramway maintenance or service vehicles, whether or not self-propelled (for example, workshops, cranes, ballast tampers, trackliners, testing coaches and track inspection vehicles) fall under HS heading 8604, part of chapter 86, in section XVII of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on railway or tramway maintenance or service vehicles in the EU?
Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 8604 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 1.7%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
What is the import duty on railway or tramway maintenance or service vehicles in Türkiye?
Under the Turkish Customs Tariff Schedule, imports under 8604 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 1.7%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most railway or tramway maintenance or service vehicles?
Austria, with US$303m in 2024 (27.1% of world exports).