Chapter

23

Chapter 23: Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal fodder

9 headings make up chapter 23, part of section IV, prepared foodstuffs; beverages, spirits and vinegar; tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes; products, whether or not containing nicotine, intended for inhalation without combustion; other nicotine containing products intended for the intake of nicotine into the human body.

Duty rates compared

Headings 9

EU: imports by month

last 12 months€11.6bn-6.9% · previous 12 months
Average import price€0.38 per kg
Jan 2024: €1.1bnFeb 2024: €934.8mMar 2024: €1bnApr 2024: €1.2bnMay 2024: €1.1bnJun 2024: €960.1mJul 2024: €1.2bnAug 2024: €1.1bnSept 2024: €956.3mOct 2024: €1.2bnNov 2024: €1.3bnDec 2024: €1.2bnJan 2025: €898.7mFeb 2025: €949mMar 2025: €895.5mApr 2025: €1bnMay 2025: €1.1bnJun 2025: €987.9mJul 2025: €1bnAug 2025: €916.2mSept 2025: €915.4mOct 2025: €1.1bnNov 2025: €969.7mDec 2025: €1.1bnJan 2026: €833.9mFeb 2026: €723.6mMar 2026: €847.4mApr 2026: €965.5mMay 2026: €1bnJun 2026: €1.1bnJul 2026: €1.1bnAug 2026: €914.9m 202420252026
Data up to August 2026 (provisional) · Monthly data: Eurostat Comext (CC BY 4.0), HMRC (OGL v3.0)

World trade in 2024

23 · US$112.6bn

Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$26mUS$26m+US$234m+US$1.4bn+> US$4.6bn

Exports: 202
  1. United States: US$15.8bn
  2. Brazil: US$11.2bn
  3. Argentina: US$10.9bn
  4. Germany: US$7bn
  5. Netherlands: US$6.2bn
  6. China: US$4.6bn
  7. France: US$4.3bn
  8. Thailand: US$3.5bn
  9. Canada: US$3.4bn
  10. Poland: US$3.2bn
  11. India: US$2.5bn
  12. Belgium: US$2.5bn
  13. Russia: US$2.2bn
  14. Indonesia: US$2.2bn
  15. Peru: US$1.9bn
  16. Spain: US$1.9bn
  17. Italy: US$1.8bn
  18. Hungary: US$1.7bn
  19. Ukraine: US$1.6bn
  20. Czechia: US$1.4bn
  21. Denmark: US$1.4bn
  22. United Kingdom: US$1.4bn
  23. Austria: US$1.3bn
  24. Türkiye: US$1.1bn
  25. Vietnam: US$971m
  26. Malaysia: US$934m
  27. Paraguay: US$868m
  28. Ireland: US$702m
  29. Australia: US$661m
  30. Norway: US$658m
  31. Bolivia: US$618m
  32. Mexico: US$582m
  33. Chile: US$572m
  34. Bulgaria: US$533m
  35. Switzerland: US$529m
  36. Lithuania: US$522m
  37. Kazakhstan: US$426m
  38. South Africa: US$409m
  39. Serbia: US$391m
  40. Slovenia: US$380m
  41. New Zealand: US$368m
  42. South Korea: US$363m
  43. Romania: US$328m
  44. Singapore: US$311m
  45. Latvia: US$311m
  46. United Arab Emirates: US$310m
  47. Nigeria: US$266m
  48. Portugal: US$261m
  49. Iceland: US$243m
  50. Morocco: US$234m
  51. Slovakia: US$226m
  52. Sweden: US$220m
  53. Japan: US$195m
  54. Greece: US$188m
  55. Ecuador: US$187m
  56. Egypt: US$184m
  57. Honduras: US$166m
  58. Taiwan: US$153m
  59. Guatemala: US$152m
  60. Sri Lanka: US$140m

Top exporters

RankCountryValueShare
1 United States US$15.8bn 14.1%
2 Brazil US$11.2bn 9.9%
3 Argentina US$10.9bn 9.7%
4 Germany US$7bn 6.3%
5 Netherlands US$6.2bn 5.5%
6 China US$4.6bn 4.1%
7 France US$4.3bn 3.8%
8 Thailand US$3.5bn 3.1%
9 Canada US$3.4bn 3%
10 Poland US$3.2bn 2.9%

Top importers

RankCountryValueShare
1 China US$6.9bn 6.2%
2 Germany US$6bn 5.4%
3 United States US$5.4bn 4.8%
4 Netherlands US$4.7bn 4.2%
5 Vietnam US$4.2bn 3.7%
6 United Kingdom US$4.1bn 3.7%
7 France US$4.1bn 3.6%
8 Poland US$3.8bn 3.4%
9 Indonesia US$3.5bn 3.1%
10 Italy US$3.1bn 2.8%

In the UK Global Tariff, chapter 23 covers 116 tariff lines and the duty is between 0% and 12%. 30 of them are duty-free. 62 lines have a specific or compound duty.

The EU Combined Nomenclature divides chapter 23 into 64 tariff lines; the duty is between 0% and 12% (average 1.3%). 26 of them are duty-free. 32 lines have a specific or compound duty.

In the Turkish Customs Tariff Schedule, chapter 23 covers 82 tariff lines and the duty is between 0% and 13%. 41 of them are duty-free.

World trade in chapter 23 goods reached US$112.6bn in 2024, down 3.5% on 2023.

The United States was the largest exporter with 14.1% of the total, ahead of Brazil.

China imported the most (US$6.9bn).

Chapter notes

Note
Subheading note
Additional notes

Questions and answers

What is the HS code for residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal fodder?

Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal fodder make up HS chapter 23, in section IV of the Harmonized System.

What is the import duty on residues and waste from the food industries in the UK?

Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 23 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 0% to 12%, depending on the line. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.

What is the import duty on residues and waste from the food industries in the EU?

Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 23 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 0% to 12%, depending on the line. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.

Which country exports the most residues and waste from the food industries?

The United States, with US$15.8bn in 2024 (14.1% of world exports).