Subheading · Chapter 84 · Heading 8474
8474.20: Crushing or grinding machines
Crushing and grinding machines
8474.20 is the HS subheading for crushing and grinding machines, under heading 8474 in chapter 84.
What you pay
Importing into UK
Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff
UK lines →- 8474 20 00 00 Crushing or grinding machines Free
Additional duties and import rules
Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.
Additional duties and charges 1
- Additional dutyAdditional duties 35%
- Applies to goods from
- Belarus, Russia
- Legal act
- 2022 No. 376
- Documents
- 9008
Import requirements 3
- Prohibition or restrictionImport prohibition
- Applies to goods from
- North Korea
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/411
- Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
- Applies to goods from
- Russia, Ukraine
- Legal act
- 2023 No. 440, S.I. 2022/395
- Documents
- 9011
- 9022
- 9038
- 9009
- 9010
- 9017
- Import controlImport control on restricted goods and technologies
- Applies to goods from
- Iran, North Korea
- Legal act
- S.I. 2019/461, S.I. 2019/411
Preferential rates by country
| Agreement or scheme | Countries | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| standard rate (no agreement) | — | Free |
| DCTS Comprehensive | Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 38 moreAfghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia | Free |
| European Union (including code "EU") | Free | |
| DCTS Enhanced | Algeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville and 13 moreAlgeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville, Cook Islands, Kyrgyzstan, Micronesia, Mongolia, Nigeria, Niue, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu | Free |
| CARIFORUM | Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 moreAntigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago | Free |
| OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories) | Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 moreAnguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands | Free |
| Central America | Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama | Free |
| SADC EPA | Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia | Free |
| Eastern and Southern Africa States | Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe | Free |
| CPTPP | Brunei, Malaysia | Free |
| UK–Andorra agreement | Andorra | Free |
| UK–Albania agreement | Albania | Free |
| UK–Australia agreement | Australia | Free |
| UK–Canada agreement | Canada | Free |
| UK–Switzerland agreement | Switzerland | Free |
| UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement | Côte d’Ivoire | Free |
| UK–Chile agreement | Chile | Free |
| UK–Cameroon agreement | Cameroon | Free |
| UK–Colombia agreement | Colombia | Free |
| UK–Ceuta & Melilla agreement | Ceuta & Melilla | Free |
| UK–Ecuador agreement | Ecuador | Free |
| UK–Egypt agreement | Egypt | Free |
| UK–Fiji agreement | Fiji | Free |
| UK–Faroe Islands agreement | Faroe Islands | Free |
| UK–Georgia agreement | Georgia | Free |
| UK–Ghana agreement | Ghana | Free |
| DCTS Standard | Indonesia | Free |
| UK–Israel agreement | Israel | Free |
| UK–India agreement | India | Free |
| UK–Iceland agreement | Iceland | Free |
| UK–Jordan agreement | Jordan | Free |
| UK–Japan agreement | Japan | Free |
| UK–Kenya agreement | Kenya | Free |
| UK–South Korea agreement | South Korea | Free |
| UK–Lebanon agreement | Lebanon | Free |
| UK–Liechtenstein agreement | Liechtenstein | Free |
| UK–Morocco agreement | Morocco | Free |
| UK–Moldova agreement | Moldova | Free |
| UK–North Macedonia agreement | North Macedonia | Free |
| UK–Mexico agreement | Mexico | Free |
| UK–Norway agreement | Norway | Free |
| UK–New Zealand agreement | New Zealand | Free |
| UK–Peru agreement | Peru | Free |
| UK–Papua New Guinea agreement | Papua New Guinea | Free |
| UK–Palestinian Territories agreement | Palestinian Territories | Free |
| UK–Serbia agreement | Serbia | Free |
| UK–Solomon Islands agreement | Solomon Islands | Free |
| UK–Singapore agreement | Singapore | Free |
| UK–San Marino agreement | San Marino | Free |
| UK–Tunisia agreement | Tunisia | Free |
| UK–Türkiye agreement | Türkiye | Free |
| UK–Ukraine agreement | Ukraine | Free |
| UK–Vietnam agreement | Vietnam | Free |
| UK–Samoa agreement | Samoa | Free |
| UK–Kosovo agreement | Kosovo | Free |
| UK–South Africa agreement | South Africa | Free |
UK: imports by month
Main suppliers, last 12 months
| Country | Value | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| £17m | 22.3% | +40.4% | |
| £12.3m | 16.1% | +55.9% | |
| £10.6m | 13.8% | +154.4% | |
| £7.5m | 9.8% | +279.3% | |
| £6.1m | 8% | +58.5% | |
| £4.7m | 6.1% | +25.1% | |
| £4.4m | 5.8% | +2.3% | |
| £4.1m | 5.3% | +355.9% |
Same subheading in other tariffs
World trade in 2024
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$426kUS$426k+US$6m+US$55m+> US$151m
Exports: 142
- China: US$1bn
- United Kingdom: US$495m
- Germany: US$450m
- Finland: US$169m
- India: US$151m
- Türkiye: US$145m
- Italy: US$135m
- United States: US$121m
- Austria: US$98m
- Russia: US$85m
- Sweden: US$77m
- France: US$65m
- Canada: US$60m
- Spain: US$55m
- Czechia: US$51m
- Japan: US$47m
- Switzerland: US$38m
- Australia: US$38m
- Netherlands: US$37m
- South Africa: US$33m
- Brazil: US$28m
- Ireland: US$25m
- Belgium: US$25m
- Ukraine: US$23m
- Poland: US$17m
- Norway: US$13m
- Iran: US$11m
- Portugal: US$10m
- South Korea: US$8m
- Taiwan: US$8m
- New Zealand: US$8m
- Malaysia: US$7m
- Singapore: US$7m
- Estonia: US$7m
- Bahrain: US$6m
- Denmark: US$5m
- Slovakia: US$5m
- Romania: US$4m
- Chile: US$4m
- Slovenia: US$3m
- Hungary: US$3m
- Croatia: US$3m
- Thailand: US$3m
- Peru: US$3m
- Côte d’Ivoire: US$2m
- Serbia: US$2m
- Colombia: US$2m
- Morocco: US$2m
- Hong Kong SAR China: US$2m
- Bulgaria: US$2m
- Saudi Arabia: US$2m
- Lesotho: US$2m
- Lithuania: US$2m
- United Arab Emirates: US$1m
- Indonesia: US$1m
- Zambia: US$1m
- Uganda: US$1m
- Malawi: US$1m
- Egypt: US$1m
- Belarus: US$1m
Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$5mUS$5m+US$19m+US$53m+> US$94m
Imports: 207
- United States: US$570m
- Russia: US$270m
- Uzbekistan: US$186m
- Indonesia: US$141m
- Australia: US$127m
- Germany: US$99m
- Canada: US$94m
- Mexico: US$93m
- India: US$92m
- Zambia: US$77m
- Saudi Arabia: US$77m
- Brazil: US$73m
- Vietnam: US$73m
- France: US$70m
- United Kingdom: US$68m
- South Africa: US$67m
- Kazakhstan: US$66m
- Türkiye: US$62m
- Kyrgyzstan: US$57m
- Italy: US$56m
- Poland: US$53m
- Malaysia: US$44m
- Spain: US$42m
- China: US$41m
- Belgium: US$40m
- Austria: US$40m
- Algeria: US$38m
- Nigeria: US$38m
- Morocco: US$37m
- Guinea: US$36m
- United Arab Emirates: US$33m
- Romania: US$33m
- Peru: US$31m
- Norway: US$30m
- Congo - Kinshasa: US$27m
- Philippines: US$25m
- Tanzania: US$25m
- Chile: US$24m
- Sweden: US$23m
- Japan: US$23m
- Armenia: US$23m
- Honduras: US$23m
- Ghana: US$22m
- Zimbabwe: US$21m
- Sierra Leone: US$21m
- Netherlands: US$21m
- South Korea: US$21m
- Dominican Republic: US$20m
- Bulgaria: US$20m
- Thailand: US$20m
- Sudan: US$19m
- Switzerland: US$19m
- Mongolia: US$19m
- Senegal: US$19m
- Finland: US$18m
- Ireland: US$18m
- Greece: US$17m
- Serbia: US$17m
- New Zealand: US$16m
- Slovakia: US$16m
Top exporters
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | US$1bn | 34.8% | |
| 2 | US$495m | 12.3% | |
| 3 | US$450m | 11.2% | |
| 4 | US$169m | 4.2% | |
| 5 | US$151m | 3.7% | |
| 6 | US$145m | 3.6% | |
| 7 | US$135m | 3.3% | |
| 8 | US$121m | 3% | |
| 9 | US$98m | 2.4% | |
| 10 | US$85m | 2.1% |
Top importers
| Rank | Country | Value | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | US$570m | 14.1% | |
| 2 | US$270m | 6.7% | |
| 3 | US$186m | 4.6% | |
| 4 | US$141m | 3.5% | |
| 5 | US$127m | 3.1% | |
| 6 | US$99m | 2.5% | |
| 7 | US$94m | 2.3% | |
| 8 | US$93m | 2.3% | |
| 9 | US$92m | 2.3% | |
| 10 | US$77m | 1.9% |
Import duty on this product around the world 164
The most-favoured-nation (MFN) duty each country applies to goods of this HS subheading: the average over its national tariff lines, with the lowest and highest line where they differ. Goods from countries with a trade agreement often pay less.
- 5%median duty
- 62number of duty-free countries (MFN)
- 45%highest: Bahamas, Bermuda, Cayman Islands
164
| Importing country | MFN duty | lines from – to | data year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2.5% | 2018 · HS 2012 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 20% | 2021 · HS 2017 | ||
| 5% | 2021 · HS 2007 | ||
| 8% | 2% – 14% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
| 2.5% | 0% – 5% | 2023 | |
| 12% | 2021 · HS 2012 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 45% | 2022 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 1% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 5% | 2022 · HS 2017 | ||
| 3% | 0% – 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 25% | 2023 | ||
| 10% | 2022 | ||
| 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 2.5% | 0% – 5% | 2022 | |
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 14% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 15% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 10% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 22% | 2021 · HS 2002 | ||
| 10% | 2023 | ||
| 10% | 2023 | ||
| 6% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 1% | 0% – 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
| 20% | 2021 · HS 2017 | ||
| 10% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2022 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 10% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 16% | 5% – 25% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
| 5% | 2019 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2022 | ||
| 10% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 10% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2022 · HS 2017 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 12% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 5% | 2023 · HS 2012 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 5% | 2020 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 7.5% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 10% | 2020 · HS 2017 | ||
| 4% | 0% – 8% | 2022 · HS 2017 | |
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 2.5% | 0% – 5% | 2023 | |
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 · HS 2002 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 3% | 0% – 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
| 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2020 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 20% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 1.3% | 0% – 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | |
| 4% | 2021 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 2.5% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 3% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 10% | 2021 · HS 2017 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 3% | 2023 · HS 2012 | ||
| 4% | 0% – 8% | 2017 · HS 2017 | |
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 3% | 0% – 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | |
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 8% | 2020 · HS 2017 | ||
| 10% | 2019 · HS 2017 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 10% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 5% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 · HS 2012 | ||
| 5% | 2021 · HS 2017 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 10% | 2021 · HS 2017 | ||
| 5% | 2023 · HS 2007 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 1% | 2020 · HS 2012 | ||
| 5% | 2021 · HS 2012 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 3% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 · HS 2012 | ||
| 16% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2017 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 7% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 5% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2021 · HS 2017 | ||
| 0% | 2023 | ||
| 14% | 2023 · HS 2017 | ||
| 2% | 2023 | ||
| 10% | 2021 · HS 2012 | ||
| 5% | 2017 · HS 2017 | ||
| 10% | 2023 | ||
| 0% | 2023 |
Tariff data years 2017–2023; rates may have changed since. · UNCTAD TRAINS, accessed via WITS (World Bank)
Classifications and correspondences
Where this HS subheading sits in the United Nations' statistical classifications, and which codes it had in earlier editions of the Harmonized System.
- SITC Rev. 4
- 72832 Machinery for crushing/grinding earth, stone, ores/other mineral substances in solid (including powder/paste) form
- End use (BEC Rev. 5)
- Capital goods · BEC 212010
- CPC 2.1 product
- 44440 Machinery for sorting, screening, separating, washing, crushing, grinding, mixing or kneading earth, stone, ores or other mineral substances, in solid form; machinery for agglomerating, shaping or moulding solid mineral fuels, ceramic paste, unhardened cements, plastering materials or other mineral products in powder or paste form; machines for forming foundry moulds of sand
- ISIC Rev. 4 activity
- 2824 Manufacture of machinery for mining, quarrying and construction
Earlier HS editions
| HS | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 8474.20 | changed |
| 2012 | 8474.20 | changed |
| 2007 | 8474.20 | changed |
| 2002 | 8474.20 | changed |
| 1996 | 8474.20 | changed |
| 1992 | 8474.20 | changed |
Correspondence tables of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD)
Subheading 8474.20 is a single line in the UK Global Tariff, where the duty is duty-free.
The EU Combined Nomenclature has one tariff line for subheading 8474.20; the duty is duty-free.
Goods from 174 countries can enter the UK at a preferential rate instead of the standard Free; 174 of them pay no duty at all, for example under DCTS Comprehensive or European Union.
In the UK, additional duty of 35% applies on top of the customs duty to goods from Belarus and Russia.
In the 12 months to August 2026, the UK imported crushing and grinding machines worth £76.3m (up 57% on the year before), at an average of £6.96 per kg; Germany supplied 22%, followed by Finland.
World trade in crushing and grinding machines reached US$4bn in 2024, down 12.6% on 2023.
China was the largest exporter with 34.8% of the total, ahead of the United Kingdom.
Products classified here
- jaw crushers for minerals and ores
- drum crushers for minerals and ores
- ball or rod mills for minerals and ores
- percussion grinders for minerals and ores
- drop hammer crushers for minerals and ores
- hammer type crushers for minerals and ores
- pulverising machinery for minerals and ores
- millstone type grinders for minerals and ores
- vertical rotary crushers for minerals and ores
- roller crushers or grinders for minerals and ores
Questions and answers
What is the HS code for crushing or grinding machines?
Crushing or grinding machines fall under HS subheading 8474.20, part of heading 8474, in section XVI of the Harmonized System.
What is the import duty on crushing or grinding machines in the UK?
Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 8474.20 from countries without a preferential agreement are free of duty. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
What is the import duty on crushing or grinding machines in the EU?
Under the EU Combined Nomenclature, imports under 8474.20 from countries without a preferential agreement are free of duty. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.
Which country exports the most crushing or grinding machines?
China, with US$1bn in 2024 (34.8% of world exports).
Which countries can export crushing and grinding machines to the UK duty-free?
174 countries pay no duty under a trade agreement or preference scheme, among them partners under DCTS Comprehensive, European Union, DCTS Enhanced. The goods must meet the agreement’s rules of origin and the importer needs proof of origin; otherwise the standard rate of Free applies. Pick a country above to see its rate.
Is there anti-dumping duty on crushing and grinding machines?
The UK charges additional duty of 35% on goods from Belarus and Russia. Lower rates apply to the named exporters listed in the measure.
Where does the UK import crushing and grinding machines from?
In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were Germany (22%), Finland (16%) and India (14%), out of total imports of £76.3m.
Typical products
- ball or rod mills for minerals and ores
- drop hammer crushers for minerals and ores
- drum crushers for minerals and ores
- hammer type crushers for minerals and ores
- jaw crushers for minerals and ores
- millstone type grinders for minerals and ores
- percussion grinders for minerals and ores
- pulverising machinery for minerals and ores
- roller crushers or grinders for minerals and ores
- vertical rotary crushers for minerals and ores
Everyday names, not part of the legal text.