8514.31: Other furnaces and ovens: electron beam furnaces

1. 8514 31 00 00 Electron beam furnaces p/st
2. 8514 31 10 00 Of a kind used solely or principally for the manufacture of printed circuits or printed circuit assemblies Freep/st
3. 8514 31 90 00 Other Freep/st

Additional duties and import rules

Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.

Preferential rates by country

UK: imports by month

last 12 months£3.5m+898.3% · previous 12 months

Average import price£6.94 per kg

Main suppliers, last 12 months

Country	Value	Share	Change
China	£1.9m	53.8%	+1,609.8%
Israel	£1.1m	31.6%	—
United States	£256k	7.2%	+852.2%
Germany	£100k	2.8%	+114.6%
South Korea	£86k	2.4%	+42.4%
Austria	£45k	1.3%	+33.9%
United Kingdom	£15k	0.4%	—
India	£13k	0.4%	+52.9%

Same subheading in other tariffs

EU Free – 2.2% Third-country duty 2 tariff lines · average 1.1% Türkiye 2.2% Third-country duty 2 tariff lines USA Free – 1.3% General (MFN) 2 tariff lines · average 0.7% Canada Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line Mexico Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line Brazil 20% General (MFN) 1 tariff line Argentina 12.6% General (MFN) 1 tariff line Peru Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line New Zealand Free – 5% General (MFN) 3 tariff lines · average 1.7% Japan Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line Taiwan Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line GCC Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line Switzerland Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line Norway Free General (MFN) 1 tariff line North Macedonia Free General (MFN) 2 tariff lines Nigeria 5% General (MFN) 1 tariff line

World trade in 2024

Top exporters

Rank	Country	Value	Share
1	Germany	US$51m	47.6%
2	China	US$12m	11.5%
3	Japan	US$10m	9.5%
4	United States	US$6m	5.7%
5	Italy	US$5m	4.6%
6	Poland	US$3m	2.8%
7	Türkiye	US$2m	2.2%
8	South Korea	US$2m	2%
9	Netherlands	US$2m	1.7%
10	Ukraine	US$2m	1.7%

Top importers

Rank	Country	Value	Share
1	United States	US$39m	36.5%
2	Japan	US$14m	13.5%
3	Thailand	US$6m	5.5%
4	Türkiye	US$5m	5.1%
5	Philippines	US$4m	4.2%
6	Canada	US$4m	3.6%
7	Malaysia	US$3m	3.3%
8	France	US$3m	2.8%
9	Vietnam	US$2m	1.9%
10	Indonesia	US$2m	1.9%

Import duty on this product around the world 93

The most-favoured-nation (MFN) duty each country applies to goods of this HS subheading: the average over its national tariff lines, with the lowest and highest line where they differ. Goods from countries with a trade agreement often pay less.

• 0%median duty
• 50number of duty-free countries (MFN)
• 45%highest: Bahamas, Bermuda, Maldives

93

Importing country	MFN duty	lines from – to	data year
Albania	0%		2023
Algeria	5%		2023
Armenia	0%		2023
Australia	2.5%	0% – 5%	2023
Bahamas	45%		2022
Bahrain	0%		2023
Belize	0%		2023
Benin	5%		2023
Bermuda	25%		2023
Bhutan	10%		2022
Bosnia & Herzegovina	5%		2022
Botswana	0%		2023
Burkina Faso	5%		2023
Burundi	0%		2023
Cameroon	10%		2023
Canada	0%		2023
Central African Republic	10%		2023
Chad	10%		2023
China	0%		2023
Congo - Brazzaville	10%		2023
Costa Rica	0%		2023
Dominican Republic	0%		2023
El Salvador	0%		2022
Equatorial Guinea	10%		2023
Eswatini	0%		2023
European Union (27 countries)	1.1%	0% – 2.2%	2023
Fiji	5%		2023
French Polynesia	6%		2023
Gabon	10%		2023
Gambia	5%		2023
Ghana	5%		2023
Guatemala	0%		2023
Guinea	5%		2023
Guinea-Bissau	5%		2023
Honduras	0%		2023
Hong Kong SAR China	0%		2023
Iceland	0%		2023
India	7.5%		2023
Indonesia	5%		2023
Jamaica	0%		2023
Japan	0%		2023
Jordan	0%		2023
Kazakhstan	0%		2023
Kenya	0%		2023
Kuwait	0%		2023
Lesotho	0%		2023
Liberia	5%		2023
Macao SAR China	0%		2023
Madagascar	5%		2023
Malaysia	0%		2023
Maldives	20%		2023
Mali	5%		2023
Mauritius	0%		2023
Mongolia	5%		2023
Morocco	2.5%		2023
Mozambique	5%		2023
Namibia	0%		2023
Nepal	0%		2023
New Zealand	1.7%	0% – 5%	2023
Nicaragua	0%		2023
Niger	5%		2023
Nigeria	5%		2023
North Macedonia	0%		2023
Norway	0%		2023
Oman	0%		2023
Pakistan	0%		2023
Panama	6.5%	3% – 10%	2023
Papua New Guinea	0%		2023
Philippines	0.5%	0% – 1%	2023
Qatar	0%		2023
Rwanda	0%		2023
Saudi Arabia	0%		2023
Senegal	5%		2023
Seychelles	0%		2023
Sierra Leone	5%		2023
South Africa	0%		2023
South Korea	4%	0% – 8%	2023
Sri Lanka	0%		2023
St Kitts & Nevis	0%		2023
St Vincent & the Grenadines	0%		2023
Switzerland	0.7%*	0.5% – 0.9%	2023
Tanzania	0%		2023
Thailand	0%		2023
Togo	5%		2023
Türkiye	2.2%		2023
Uganda	0%		2023
United Arab Emirates	0%		2023
United Kingdom	0%		2023
United States	0.7%	0% – 1.3%	2023
Vanuatu	0%		2023
Vietnam	0%		2023
Zambia	10%		2023
Zimbabwe	0%		2023

Tariff data years 2022–2023; rates may have changed since. * ad valorem equivalent of specific duties (UNCTAD estimate) · UNCTAD TRAINS, accessed via WITS (World Bank)

Classifications and correspondences

Where this HS subheading sits in the United Nations' statistical classifications, and which codes it had in earlier editions of the Harmonized System.

SITC Rev. 4

74133 Other electric furnaces & ovens

End use (BEC Rev. 5)

Capital goods · BEC 212

CPC 2.1 product

43420 Industrial or laboratory furnaces and ovens, except non-electric bakery ovens; other industrial or laboratory induction or dielectric heating equipment

ISIC Rev. 4 activity

2815 Manufacture of ovens, furnaces and furnace burners

3250 Manufacture of medical and dental instruments and supplies

Earlier HS editions

Correspondence tables of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD)

Recent rule changes mentioning this code

Acts whose text cites this code or its heading. Check the act itself: a code can be cited for reasons other than a change of its duty.

1. Sanctions 19 May 2026 · Applies from: 20 May 2026

   The Russia (Sanctions) (EU Exit) (Amendment) Regulations 2026

   S.I. 2026/543 · Source: legislation.gov.uk

Rule changes →

Code history

Since 2022; before, these goods were classified under 8514.30.

Questions and answers