Subheading · Chapter 19 · Heading 1905

1905.32

1905.32: Sweet biscuits; waffles and wafers: waffles and wafers

Waffles and wafers

Official description Waffles and wafers

1905.32 is the HS subheading for waffles and wafers, under heading 1905 in chapter 19.

What you pay

Importing into UK

Customs duty 8% standard rate · across 5 national lines depends on the country of origin
Additional duties and charges 1 additional measure Import requirements: 4
VAT 0.00 % import VAT
Duty calculatorCalculate duty and taxes →

Rates by national line · UK Global Tariff

UK lines →
  1. 1905 32 00 00 Waffles and wafers
  2. 1905 32 05 00 With a water content exceeding 10% by weight 8%
  3. Other
  4. Completely or partially coated or covered with chocolate or other preparations containing cocoa
  5. 1905 32 11 00 In immediate packings of a net content not exceeding 85 g 8%
  6. 1905 32 19 00 Other 8%
  7. Other
  8. 1905 32 91 00 Salted, whether or not filled 8%
  9. 1905 32 99 00 Other 8%

Additional duties and import rules

Charges on top of the customs duty, and rules the goods must meet at the border.

Additional duties and charges 1

  • Additional dutyAdditional duties 35%
    Applies to goods from
    Belarus, Russia
    Legal act
    2022 No. 598
    Documents
    • 9014

Import requirements 4

  • Import controlVeterinary control
    Applies to goods from
    Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, American Samoa, Andorra, Angola, Anguilla, Antarctica and 232 more
    Legal act
    S.I. 2019/782
    Documents
    • C084 Exemption by virtue of Articles 3 and 4 of regulation 2019/2122 (animals intended for scientific purposes, research and diagnostic samples, and samples for product analysis and quality testing).
    • N853 Common Health Entry Document for Products (CHED-P) (as set out in Part 2, Section B of Annex II to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1715 (OJ L 261))
    • Y931 Goods benefitting from derogation to veterinary controls according to Article 3 of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2021/630
    • Y930 The declared goods are not concerned by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/632
  • Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
    Applies to goods from
    Ukraine
    Legal act
    S.I. 2022/395
    Documents
    • 9009
    • 9010
    • 9017
  • Import controlRestriction on entry into free circulation
    Applies to goods from
    all countries except Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Cyprus, Czechia, Germany, Denmark, Estonia, Spain, Finland, France, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, Slovenia, Slovakia
    Legal act
    2019/1793
    Documents
    • C678 Common Health Entry Document for Feed and Food of Non-Animal Origin (CHED-D) (as set out in Part 2, Section D of Annex II to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1715 (OJ L 261))
    • Y937 The declared goods are not concerned by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1793
    • Y978 Exemption by virtue paragraph 3 of Article 1 of Regulation (EU) 2019/1793
  • Import controlImport control of organic products
    Applies to goods from
    all countries except Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Cyprus, Czechia, Germany, Denmark, Estonia, Spain, Finland, France, United Kingdom, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, Italy, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, Slovenia, Slovakia
    Legal act
    S.I. 2019/693
    Documents
    • C644 Certificate of inspection for organic products
    • Y929 Goods not concerned by Regulation (EU) 2018/848 (organic products)

Preferential rates by country

Agreement or schemeCountriesRate
standard rate (no agreement)—8%
DCTS Comprehensive
Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin and 38 more

Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo - Kinshasa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé & Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia

Free
European Union (including code " EU")
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia and 23 more

Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden

Free
DCTS Enhanced
Algeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville and 13 more

Algeria, Bolivia, Cape Verde, Congo - Brazzaville, Cook Islands, Kyrgyzstan, Micronesia, Mongolia, Nigeria, Niue, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu

Free
CARIFORUM
Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize and 10 more

Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago

Free
OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories)
Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands and 7 more

Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands, St Helena, Turks & Caicos Islands

Free
Central America Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama Free
SADC EPA Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia Free
Eastern and Southern Africa States Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe Free
CPTPP Brunei, Malaysia, Mexico Free
UK–Albania agreement Albania Free
UK–Australia agreement Australia Free
UK–Canada agreement Canada Free
UK–Switzerland agreement Switzerland Free
UK–Côte d’Ivoire agreement Côte d’Ivoire Free
UK–Chile agreementQuota Chile Free
UK–Cameroon agreement Cameroon Free
UK–Colombia agreement Colombia Free
UK–Ceuta & Melilla agreement Ceuta & Melilla Free
UK–Ecuador agreement Ecuador Free
UK–Egypt agreement Egypt Free
UK–Fiji agreement Fiji Free
UK–Faroe Islands agreement Faroe Islands Free
UK–Georgia agreement Georgia Free
UK–Ghana agreement Ghana Free
UK–Israel agreement Israel Free
UK–India agreement India Free
UK–Iceland agreement Iceland Free
UK–Jordan agreement Jordan Free
UK–Japan agreement Japan Free
UK–Kenya agreement Kenya Free
UK–South Korea agreement South Korea Free
UK–Lebanon agreement Lebanon Free
UK–Liechtenstein agreement Liechtenstein Free
UK–Morocco agreement Morocco Free
UK–Moldova agreement Moldova Free
UK–North Macedonia agreement North Macedonia Free
UK–Norway agreement Norway Free
UK–New Zealand agreement New Zealand Free
UK–Peru agreement Peru Free
UK–Papua New Guinea agreement Papua New Guinea Free
UK–Palestinian Territories agreement Palestinian Territories Free
UK–Serbia agreement Serbia Free
UK–Solomon Islands agreement Solomon Islands Free
UK–Singapore agreement Singapore Free
UK–San Marino agreement San Marino Free
UK–Tunisia agreement Tunisia Free
UK–Türkiye agreementQuota Türkiye Free
UK–Ukraine agreement Ukraine Free
UK–Vietnam agreement Vietnam Free
UK–Samoa agreement Samoa Free
UK–Kosovo agreement Kosovo Free
UK–South Africa agreement South Africa Free
DCTS Standard Indonesia 4.5%

UK: imports by month

last 12 months£467.8m-5.2% · previous 12 months
Average import price£5.51 per kg
Jan 2024: £35.1mFeb 2024: £34.6mMar 2024: £30.8mApr 2024: £35.2mMay 2024: £32.7mJun 2024: £39.9mJul 2024: £34.6mAug 2024: £33.7mSept 2024: £37.9mOct 2024: £35.4mNov 2024: £41.3mDec 2024: £38.2mJan 2025: £34.8mFeb 2025: £40.4mMar 2025: £36.9mApr 2025: £33.2mMay 2025: £41.6mJun 2025: £41.7mJul 2025: £64.5mAug 2025: £47.5mSept 2025: £50mOct 2025: £48mNov 2025: £37.4mDec 2025: £38.3mJan 2026: £35.7mFeb 2026: £36.3mMar 2026: £43.2mApr 2026: £33.9mMay 2026: £39.1mJun 2026: £37.5mJul 2026: £35.3mAug 2026: £33m 202420252026
Data up to August 2026 (provisional) · Monthly data: Eurostat Comext (CC BY 4.0), HMRC (OGL v3.0)

Main suppliers, last 12 months

CountryValueShareChange
Poland £154m 32.9% -10.9%
Italy £69.5m 14.9% +35.2%
Germany £56.5m 12.1% +22.5%
Belgium £36.4m 7.8% +6.2%
Bulgaria £35.1m 7.5% -19.7%
Netherlands £32.5m 6.9% -47%
Czechia £18.5m 4% -14.6%
Egypt £10.1m 2.2% +55.3%

Same subheading in other tariffs

World trade in 2024

1905.32 · US$7bn

Trade value (US$) no reported trade < US$2mUS$2m+US$16m+US$105m+> US$484m

Exports: 148
  1. Poland: US$1bn
  2. Italy: US$817m
  3. Germany: US$665m
  4. Canada: US$567m
  5. Türkiye: US$484m
  6. Belgium: US$438m
  7. Indonesia: US$379m
  8. Austria: US$302m
  9. Netherlands: US$248m
  10. United Arab Emirates: US$189m
  11. Bulgaria: US$147m
  12. Czechia: US$141m
  13. United States: US$125m
  14. Ukraine: US$113m
  15. United Kingdom: US$105m
  16. Slovakia: US$81m
  17. Brazil: US$79m
  18. Russia: US$78m
  19. China: US$76m
  20. France: US$73m
  21. Malaysia: US$71m
  22. Greece: US$61m
  23. Spain: US$60m
  24. Thailand: US$43m
  25. Croatia: US$40m
  26. Egypt: US$33m
  27. Romania: US$31m
  28. India: US$30m
  29. Mexico: US$30m
  30. Bosnia & Herzegovina: US$23m
  31. Denmark: US$21m
  32. Serbia: US$20m
  33. Australia: US$19m
  34. Luxembourg: US$18m
  35. Guatemala: US$17m
  36. Switzerland: US$16m
  37. Sweden: US$16m
  38. Hungary: US$15m
  39. Latvia: US$15m
  40. Saudi Arabia: US$14m
  41. Argentina: US$13m
  42. Kazakhstan: US$13m
  43. North Macedonia: US$12m
  44. Japan: US$11m
  45. Colombia: US$10m
  46. Lithuania: US$9m
  47. Portugal: US$9m
  48. Venezuela: US$8m
  49. Peru: US$8m
  50. Israel: US$8m
  51. Pakistan: US$7m
  52. Dominican Republic: US$7m
  53. Philippines: US$7m
  54. Vietnam: US$7m
  55. El Salvador: US$6m
  56. Uzbekistan: US$6m
  57. Bolivia: US$6m
  58. South Korea: US$5m
  59. Singapore: US$5m
  60. Hong Kong SAR China: US$5m

Top exporters

RankCountryValueShare
1 Poland US$1bn 16.6%
2 Italy US$817m 11.5%
3 Germany US$665m 9.4%
4 Canada US$567m 8%
5 Türkiye US$484m 6.8%
6 Belgium US$438m 6.2%
7 Indonesia US$379m 5.3%
8 Austria US$302m 4.3%
9 Netherlands US$248m 3.5%
10 United Arab Emirates US$189m 2.7%

Top importers

RankCountryValueShare
1 United States US$934m 13.2%
2 Germany US$518m 7.3%
3 United Kingdom US$508m 7.2%
4 France US$407m 5.7%
5 Saudi Arabia US$310m 4.4%
6 Netherlands US$223m 3.1%
7 Italy US$220m 3.1%
8 Iraq US$210m 3%
9 China US$198m 2.8%
10 Poland US$163m 2.3%

Import duty on this product around the world 164

The most-favoured-nation (MFN) duty each country applies to goods of this HS subheading: the average over its national tariff lines, with the lowest and highest line where they differ. Goods from countries with a trade agreement often pay less.

  • 17%median duty
  • 13number of duty-free countries (MFN)
  • 60%highest: Egypt, Uganda, Iran

164

Importing countryMFN dutylines from – todata year
Afghanistan 16% 2018 · HS 2012
Albania 2% 2023
Algeria 30% 2023
Angola 50% 2023 · HS 2017
Anguilla 3.3% 0% – 10% 2021 · HS 2017
Antigua & Barbuda 8.3% 0% – 20% 2021 · HS 2007
Argentina 18% 2023 · HS 2017
Armenia 4.1%* 2.4% – 11% 2023
Aruba 6% 2021 · HS 2012
Australia 5% 2023
Azerbaijan 15% 2023 · HS 2017
Bahamas 20% 2022
Bahrain 5% 2023
Bangladesh 25% 2023 · HS 2017
Barbados 8.3% 0% – 20% 2022 · HS 2017
Belarus 4.4%* 2.8% – 11% 2021 · HS 2017
Belize 13% 0% – 35% 2023
Benin 35% 2023
Bermuda 13% 2023
Bhutan 10% 2022
Bolivia 20% 2023 · HS 2017
Bosnia & Herzegovina 32%* 2022
Botswana 21% 2023
Brazil 18% 2023 · HS 2017
Brunei 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Burkina Faso 35% 2023
Burundi 18% 0% – 35% 2023
Cambodia 15% 2023 · HS 2017
Cameroon 30% 2023
Canada 1.8% 0% – 3% 2023
Cape Verde 40% 2023 · HS 2017
Cayman Islands 22% 2021 · HS 2002
Central African Republic 30% 2023
Chad 30% 2023
Chile 6% 2023 · HS 2017
China 10% 2023
Colombia 15% 2023 · HS 2017
Comoros 20% 2021 · HS 2017
Congo - Brazzaville 30% 2023
Cook Islands 0% 2022 · HS 2017
Costa Rica 14% 2023
Côte d’Ivoire 35% 2023 · HS 2017
Cuba 10% 2023 · HS 2017
Dominica 6.7% 0% – 20% 2023 · HS 2017
Dominican Republic 20% 2023
Ecuador 20% 2023 · HS 2017
Egypt 60% 2019 · HS 2017
El Salvador 15% 2022
Equatorial Guinea 30% 2023
Eswatini 21% 2023
Ethiopia 20% 5% – 35% 2021 · HS 2017
Fiji 32% 2023
French Polynesia 5% 2023
Gabon 30% 2023
Gambia 35% 2023
Georgia 12% 2022 · HS 2017
Ghana 35% 2023
Gibraltar 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Grenada 8.3% 0% – 20% 2023 · HS 2012
Guatemala 5% 2023
Guinea 35% 2023
Guinea-Bissau 35% 2023
Guyana 8.3% 0% – 20% 2023 · HS 2017
Haiti 10% 2020 · HS 2017
Honduras 15% 2023
Hong Kong SAR China 0% 2023
Iceland 22%* 22% – 23% 2023
India 30% 2023
Indonesia 20% 2023
Iran 55% 2020 · HS 2017
Israel 4% 2022 · HS 2017
Jamaica 6.7% 0% – 20% 2023
Japan 18% 2023
Jordan 25% 2023
Kazakhstan 4.1%* 2.4% – 11% 2023
Kenya 18% 0% – 35% 2023
Kiribati 50% 2023 · HS 2002
Kuwait 5% 2023
Kyrgyzstan 4.4%* 2.8% – 11% 2021 · HS 2017
Laos 30% 2023 · HS 2017
Lebanon 20% 2020 · HS 2017
Lesotho 21% 2023
Liberia 35% 2023
Libya 5% 2021 · HS 2017
Liechtenstein 20%* 15% – 26% 2021 · HS 2017
Macao SAR China 0% 2023
Madagascar 20% 2023
Malawi 25% 2021 · HS 2017
Malaysia 6% 2023
Maldives 0% 2023
Mali 35% 2023
Mauritania 35% 2023 · HS 2017
Mauritius 0% 2023
Mexico 17%* 2023 · HS 2017
Micronesia 3% 2021 · HS 2017
Moldova 15% 2023 · HS 2017
Mongolia 5% 2023
Montserrat 18% 0% – 30% 2023 · HS 2017
Morocco 21% 2.5% – 40% 2023
Mozambique 20% 2023
Myanmar (Burma) 15% 2023 · HS 2017
Namibia 21% 2023
Nauru 10% 2021 · HS 2017
Nepal 40% 2023
New Zealand 5% 2023
Nicaragua 15% 2023
Niger 35% 2023
Nigeria 35% 2023
North Macedonia 29%* 2023
Norway 6.8%* 2023
Oman 5% 2023
Pakistan 20% 2023
Palau 0% 2023 · HS 2012
Palestinian Territories 4% 2017 · HS 2017
Panama 15% 2023
Papua New Guinea 20% 2023
Paraguay 18% 2023 · HS 2017
Peru 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Philippines 15% 2023
Qatar 5% 2023
Russia 4.4%* 2.8% – 11% 2021 · HS 2017
Rwanda 18% 0% – 35% 2023
Samoa 20% 2020 · HS 2017
São Tomé & Príncipe 10% 2019 · HS 2017
Saudi Arabia 5% 2023
Senegal 35% 2023
Seychelles 0% 2023
Sierra Leone 35% 2023
Singapore 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Solomon Islands 10% 2023 · HS 2017
Somalia 25% 2023 · HS 2017
South Africa 21% 2023
South Korea 8% 2023
Sri Lanka 20% 2023
St Kitts & Nevis 10% 0% – 25% 2023
St Lucia 8.3% 0% – 20% 2023 · HS 2012
St Pierre & Miquelon 5% 2021 · HS 2017
St Vincent & the Grenadines 8.3% 0% – 20% 2023
Sudan 25% 10% – 40% 2021 · HS 2017
Suriname 8.3% 0% – 20% 2023 · HS 2007
Switzerland 19%* 13% – 24% 2023
Syria 30% 2020 · HS 2012
Tajikistan 15% 2021 · HS 2012
Tanzania 18% 0% – 35% 2023
Thailand 20% 2023
Togo 35% 2023
Tonga 0% 2023 · HS 2017
Trinidad & Tobago 6.7% 0% – 20% 2023 · HS 2012
Türkiye 9%* 2023
Tuvalu 30% 2017 · HS 2017
Uganda 60% 2023
Ukraine 10% 2023 · HS 2017
United Arab Emirates 5% 2023
United Kingdom 8% 2023
United States 0% 2023
Uruguay 18% 2023 · HS 2017
Uzbekistan 20%* 2021 · HS 2017
Vanuatu 10% 2023
Venezuela 20% 2023 · HS 2017
Vietnam 35% 2023
Wallis & Futuna 10% 2021 · HS 2012
Yemen 10% 2017 · HS 2017
Zambia 25% 2023
Zimbabwe 40% 2023

Tariff data years 2017–2023; rates may have changed since. * ad valorem equivalent of specific duties (UNCTAD estimate) · UNCTAD TRAINS, accessed via WITS (World Bank)

Classifications and correspondences

Where this HS subheading sits in the United Nations' statistical classifications, and which codes it had in earlier editions of the Harmonized System.

SITC Rev. 4
04842 Sweet biscuits, waffles & wafers, gingerbread & the like
End use (BEC Rev. 5)
Consumption goods · BEC 113201
CPC 2.1 product
23420 Gingerbread and the like; sweet biscuits; waffles and wafers
ISIC Rev. 4 activity
1071 Manufacture of bakery products

Earlier HS editions

HSCode
20171905.32unchanged
20121905.32unchanged
20071905.32unchanged
20021905.32unchanged
19961905.30changed
19921905.30changed

Correspondence tables of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD)

Binding rulings for similar goods 2

Decisions of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CROSS) and HMRC (Advance Tariff Rulings) on goods classified here. A ruling binds only its holder, but shows how the authorities classify similar goods. The descriptions are the authorities’ own, in English.

  • N356530 U.S. CBP 17 December 2025 · 1905.32.00.41

    The tariff classification, country of origin and marking of a snack food from Indonesia

  • H317110 U.S. CBP 21 March 2022 · 1905.32.00

    Revocation of NY N303994; Tariff classification of a chocolate-covered cookie assortment from Germany

Recent rule changes mentioning this code

Acts whose text cites this code or its heading. Check the act itself: a code can be cited for reasons other than a change of its duty.

  1. EU Quota · Applies from:

    Regulation (EU) 2026/1455 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 June 2026 on the adjustment of customs duties on imports of certain goods originating in the United States of America and opening of tariff quotas for imports of certain goods originating in the United States of America

    CELEX 32026R1455 · Source: eur-lex.europa.eu

  2. EU Tariff change · Applies from:

    Regulation (EU) 2026/1395 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2026 on applying a generalised scheme of tariff preferences and repealing Regulation (EU) No 978/2012

    CELEX 32026R1395 · Source: eur-lex.europa.eu

  3. EU Rules of origin · Applies from:

    Decision No 1/2026 of the Trade Committee established under the Interim Partnership Agreement between the European Community, of the one part, and the Pacific states, of the other part, of 30 January 2026 amending certain provisions of Protocol II concerning the definition of the concept of originating products and methods of administrative cooperation [2026/498]

    CELEX 22026D0498 · Source: eur-lex.europa.eu

Rule changes →

The UK Global Tariff divides subheading 1905.32 into 5 tariff lines; the duty is 8%.

In the EU Combined Nomenclature all 5 lines under subheading 1905.32 carry a specific or compound duty rather than a percentage.

172 countries pay no duty in the UK thanks to trade agreements and preference schemes such as DCTS Comprehensive and European Union, against a standard rate of 8%.

In the UK, additional duty of 35% applies on top of the customs duty to goods from Belarus and Russia.

Imports of waffles and wafers into the UK came to £467.8m between September 2025 and August 2026 (down 5% on the year before); Poland supplied 33%, followed by Italy.

In 2024, countries exported waffles and wafers worth US$7bn (+5.5% year on year).

The largest exporter was Poland (US$1bn), followed by Italy.

Legal notes

Additional notes

Products classified here

Questions and answers

What is the HS code for sweet biscuits; waffles and wafers: waffles and wafers?

Sweet biscuits; waffles and wafers: waffles and wafers fall under HS subheading 1905.32, part of heading 1905, in section IV of the Harmonized System.

What is the import duty on sweet biscuits in the UK?

Under the UK Global Tariff, imports under 1905.32 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 8%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.

What is the import duty on sweet biscuits in Türkiye?

Under the Turkish Customs Tariff Schedule, imports under 1905.32 from countries without a preferential agreement are charged at 9%. Preferential rates, anti-dumping duties and VAT are not included.

Which country exports the most sweet biscuits?

Poland, with US$1bn in 2024 (16.6% of world exports).

Which countries can export waffles and wafers to the UK duty-free?

172 countries pay no duty under a trade agreement or preference scheme, among them partners under DCTS Comprehensive, European Union, DCTS Enhanced. The goods must meet the agreement’s rules of origin and the importer needs proof of origin; otherwise the standard rate of 8% applies. Pick a country above to see its rate.

Is there anti-dumping duty on waffles and wafers?

The UK charges additional duty of 35% on goods from Belarus and Russia. Lower rates apply to the named exporters listed in the measure.

Where does the UK import waffles and wafers from?

In the 12 months to August 2026, the largest suppliers were Poland (33%), Italy (15%) and Germany (12%), out of total imports of £467.8m.

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Typical products

Everyday names, not part of the legal text.